1876 in literature

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This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1876.

Events

• February 24 – Premiere of first stage production of the verse-play Peer Gynt by Henrik Ibsen (published 1867) with incidental music by Edvard Grieg, in Christiania, Norway.
• February/March – The Harvard Lampoon humor magazine is founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• March 14 – Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma established in Rome.
• March – American librarian Melvil Dewey first publishes the Dewey Decimal Classification system.^[1]
• July – William Heffer takes over his first bookshop in Cambridge (England), primarily as a stationer at this date.^[2]
• Discovery of the first (1594) edition of Christopher Marlowe's play Edward II.^[3]
• Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord opened in Paris.

New books

Fiction

• W. H. Ainsworth
  • Chetwynd Calverley
  • The Leaguer of Lathom
• Machado de Assis – Helena
• Mrs G. Linnæus Banks – The Manchester Man
• Walter Besant and James Rice – The Golden Butterfly^[4]
• Rhoda Broughton – Joan
• Robert Buchanan – The Shadow of the Sword
• Wilkie Collins – The Two Destinies
• Alphonse Daudet – Jack
• Fyodor Dostoevsky – A Gentle Creature
• George Eliot – Daniel Deronda^[5]
• Benito Pérez Galdós – Doña Perfecta
• John Habberton – Helen's Babies
• Thomas Hardy – The Hand of Ethelberta
• Joris-Karl Huysmans – Martha
• Jens Peter Jacobsen – Fru Marie Grubbe
• Herman Melville – Clarel
• Anthony Trollope – The Prime Minister (complete in book form)^[5]
• Jules Verne – Michael Strogoff
• Charlotte M. Yonge – The Three Brides
• Émile Zola – Son Excellence Eugène Rougon

Children and young adults

• Louisa May Alcott – Rose in Bloom
• Mark Twain – The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Drama

• Émile Augier – Madame Caverlet
• Rosario de Acuña – Rienzi el tribuno
• W. S. Gilbert – Dan'l Druce, Blacksmith
• Henrik Ibsen – Peer Gynt

Poetry

• Lewis Carroll – The Hunting of the Snark
• Julia A. Moore – The Sentimental Song Book

Non-fiction

• William Ewart Gladstone – Bulgarian Horrors
• Søren Kierkegaard – Judge for Yourselves!
• Friedrich Nietzsche – Unzeitgemässe Betrachtungen (Untimely Meditations)
• Robert's Rules of Order
• George Smith (ed.) – The Chaldean Account of Genesis

Births

• January 4 – Paola Drigo, Italian writer (died 1938)
• January 12 – Jack London, American writer (died 1916)
• February 16 – G. M. Trevelyan, English historian (died 1962)
• March 4 – Léon-Paul Fargue, French poet (died 1947)
• April 13 – Sidney Bradshaw Fay American historian (died 1967)
• April 22 – Ole Edvart Rolvaag, Norwegian-American writer (died 1931)
• May 10 – Ivan Cankar, Slovene dramatist and poet (died 1918)
• June 2 – Konstantin Trenyov, Russian dramatist (died 1945)
• July 1 – Susan Glaspell, American playwright and novelist (died 1948)
• July 12 – Max Jacob, French poet (died 1944)
• September 13 – Sherwood Anderson, American novelist (died 1941)
• October 31 – Natalie Clifford Barney, American writer and patron (died 1972)
• November 1 – Anne de Noailles, French writer (died 1933)
• December 22 – Thomas Mofolo, Sotho novelist (died 1948)

Deaths

• January 7 – Juste Olivier, Swiss poet (born 1807)
• January 19 – George Julius Poulett Scrope, English political economist (born 1797)
• February 3 – Gino Capponi, Italian historian (born 1792)
• February 6 – Georgiana Chatterton, English novelist and travel writer (born 1806)
• February 27 – Afanasy Shchapov, Russian historian (born 1830)
• March 2 – Johannes Falke, German historian (born 1823)
• May 7 – William Buell Sprague, American biographer (born 1795)
• May 24 – Henry Kingsley, English novelist (born 1830)
• May 26 – František Palacký, Czech historian (born 1798)
• June 8 – George Sand, French novelist (born 1804)
• June 14 – Catherine Crowe, English novelist and children's writer (born 1803)
• June 27 – Harriet Martineau, English philosopher and social theorist (born 1802)
• July 14 – James Henry, Irish poet and scholar (born 1798)
• July 24 – John William Kaye, English military historian (born 1814)
• July 25 – Robert Caesar Childers, French-born English orientalist (born 1838)
• October 7 – Georg Heinrich Pertz, German historian (born 1795)
• November 24 – Maria Francesca Rossetti, English critic and translator (born 1827)
• December 30 – Christian Winther, Danish lyric poet (born 1796)
• Unknown date
  • Joshua Hobson, English pamphleteer (born 1810)
  • Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai, Tamil scholar and poet (born 1815)

Awards

In literature

• The following novels are set during this year
  • Pierre Loti – Aziyadé (1879)
  • Gore Vidal – 1876 (1976)
  • Boris Akunin – The Winter Queen (Азазель, Azazel', 1998)
  • M. K. Hobson – The Native Star (2010)

References

1. Dewey, Melvil (1876). A Classification and Subject Index for Cataloguing and Arranging the Books and Pamphlets of a Library. OCLC 78870163. Retrieved 2012-07-31.
2. Bounford, Julie E. (2016). This Book is About Heffers, The Bookshop That is Known All Over the World. Gottahavebooks. ISBN 9780993378133.
3. The Atheneum, No. 2562, 2 December 1876.
4. Leavis, Q. D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (2nd ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.
5. Everett, Jason M., ed. (2006). "1876". The People's Chronology. Thomson Gale.