Lake Albano

Lake Albano Lago Albano
The lake.
Location	Alban Hills
Coordinates	41°45′0″N 12°39′54″E / 41.75000°N 12.66500°E
Type	crater lake
Basin countries	Italy
Surface area	6 km^2 (2.3 sq mi)
Max. depth	170 m (560 ft)

Lake Albano (Italian: Lago Albano or Lago di Castel Gandolfo) is a small volcanic crater lake in the Alban Hills of Lazio, at the foot of Monte Cavo, 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Rome. Castel Gandolfo, overlooking the lake, is the site of the Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo.

In Roman times it was known as Albanus Lacus and lay not far from the ancient city of Alba Longa.

With a depth of about 170 m (560 ft), Lake Albano is the deepest in Lazio. The lake is 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long by 2.3 km (1.4 mi) wide, and was formed by the overlapping union of two volcanic craters, an origin indicated by the ridge in its center, which rises to a height of 70 m (230 ft). Plutarch reports that in 406 BC the lake surged over the surrounding hills, despite there being no rain nor tributaries flowing into the lake to account for the rise in water level.^[1] The ensuing flood destroyed fields and vineyards before eventually pouring into the sea. It is thought to have been caused by volcanic gases, trapped in sediment at the bottom of the lake and gradually building up until suddenly releasing, causing the water to overflow. ^[2]

Around 395 BC, during the wars between Rome and Veii, a discharge tunnel was built crossing the crater walls. It served as an emissary whenever the water level overflowed its mouth. According to Titus Livius, this feat of engineering was incited by the Oracle of Delphi: the Roman victory against Veii would be possible only when the lake waters were channeled and used for irrigation.^[3] The emissary is at 293 meters over the sea level. The tunnel (1200 m long, 1,20 m wide and 2 m high) ends at a spot called Le Mole, below Castel Gandolfo.

It hosted the canoeing and rowing events of the 1960 Summer Olympic Games that were held in Rome.^[4] The lane marking system developed for these events is commonly referred to as the Albano buoy system.

Image gallery

• 
  Painting by Sylvester Shchedrin, before 1825
• 
  Lake Albano, George Inness, 1869
• 
  Panoramic view
• 
  View of the lake showing Castel Gandolfo

See also

• Lakes of Italy

References

1. • Plutarch, Life of Camillus, Internet Classics Archive (MIT), retrieved February 4, 2014
2. Woodward, Jamie (ed), The Physical Geography of the Mediterranean, Oxford University Press (Oxford), retrieved October 23, 2015
3. Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, V, 15-16.
4. 1960 Summer Olympics official report (PDF), 1, pp. 82–83

Bibliography

• Britannica.com (retrieved: 12 March 2009)
• Italian Tourism - Lakes (retrieved: 12 March 2009)
• The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | Date: 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, Columbia University Press (retrieved: 12 March 2009)

Coordinates: 41°45′0″N 12°39′54″E / 41.75000°N 12.66500°E