Arachnodactyly

Arachnodactyly
Arachnodactyly
Classification and external resources
Specialty	medical genetics
ICD-10	Q87.4 (ILDS Q87.410)
ICD-9-CM	759.82
DiseasesDB	15196
MedlinePlus	003288
MeSH	D008382

Arachnodactyly ("spider fingers") or achromachia is a condition in which the fingers and toes are abnormally long and slender, in comparison to the palm of the hand and arch of the foot. Also, the individual's thumbs tend to also be pulled inwards towards the palm.^[1] It can be present at birth or develop in later life.

Causes

This feature can occur on its own, with no underlying health problems. However, it can also be associated with certain medical conditions. Examples include Marfan syndrome,^[2] Ehlers-Danlos syndrome,^[3] Loeys–Dietz syndrome, Congenital contractural arachnodactyly,^[1] and homocystinuria.

Arachnodactyly has been linked to mutations in both fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2 genes.

Notable cases

It remains unconfirmed whether composer Sergei Rachmaninoff's abnormally large reach on a piano was a result of arachnodactyly due to Marfan syndrome, as the pianist exhibited no other signs of the disease.^[4]

References

1 2 Viljoen, D. (1994). "Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (Beals syndrome)" (PDF). Journal of Medical Genetics. 31 (8): 640–643. doi:10.1136/jmg.31.8.640. PMC 1050028. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
↑ Buntinx, I. M.; Willems, P. J.; Spitaels, S. E.; Van Reempst, P. J.; De Paepe, A. M.; Dumon, J. E. (April 1991). "Neonatal Marfan syndrome with congenital arachnodactyly, flexion contractures, and severe cardiac valve insufficiency". Journal of Medical Genetics. 28 (4): 267–273. doi:10.1136/jmg.28.4.267. ISSN 0022-2593. PMC 1016831. PMID 1856834.
↑ Keer, Rosemary; Grahame, Rodney (2003-06-27). "Hypermobility syndrome: Recognition and management for physiotherapists". ISBN 978-0-7506-5390-9.
↑ http://www.rachmaninoff.org/board/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=480

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arachnodactyly.

Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system / musculoskeletal abnormality (Q65–Q76, 754–756.3)

Appendicular
limb / dysmelia

Arms

clavicle / shoulder:	Cleidocranial dysostosis Sprengel's deformity Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome

hand deformity:	Madelung's deformity Clinodactyly Oligodactyly Polydactyly

Leg

hip:	Dislocation of hip / Hip dysplasia Upington disease Coxa valga Coxa vara

knee:	Genu valgum Genu varum Genu recurvatum Discoid meniscus Congenital patellar dislocation Congenital knee dislocation

foot deformity:	varus Club foot Pigeon toe valgus Flat feet Pes cavus Rocker bottom foot Hammer toe

Either / both

fingers and toes	Polydactyly / Syndactyly webbed toes Arachnodactyly Cenani–Lenz syndactylism Ectrodactyly Brachydactyly Clubbed thumb

reduction deficits / limb:	Acheiropodia ectromelia Phocomelia Amelia Hemimelia

multiple joints:	Arthrogryposis Larsen syndrome Rapadilino syndrome

Axial

Skull and face

Craniosynostosis:	Scaphocephaly Oxycephaly Trigonocephaly

Craniofacial dysostosis:	Crouzon syndrome Hypertelorism Hallermann–Streiff syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome

other:	Macrocephaly Platybasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Dolichocephaly Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Plagiocephaly Saddle nose

Vertebral column

Thoracic skeleton

ribs:	Cervical Bifid

sternum:	Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum

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Arachnodactyly

Causes

Notable cases

See also

References