Australian federal election, 1919

13 December 1919 (1919-12-13)

All 75 seats in the Australian House of Representatives 38 seats were needed for a majority in the House 19 (of the 36) seats in the Australian Senate

	First party	Second party

Leader	Billy Hughes	Frank Tudor
Party	Nationalist	Labor
Leader since	14 November 1916	14 November 1916
Leader's seat	Bendigo	Yarra
Last election	53 seats	22 seats
Seats won	37 seats	26 seats
Seat change	16	4
Percentage	54.10%	45.90%

Prime Minister before election

Billy Hughes
Nationalist

Resulting Prime Minister

Billy Hughes
Nationalist

Federal elections were held in Australia on 13 December 1919. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and 19 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Nationalist Party of Australia led by Prime Minister of Australia Billy Hughes defeated the opposition Australian Labor Party led by Frank Tudor.

The government changed the lower house voting system from first-past-the-post to full-preference preferential voting after the 1918 Swan by-election saw a split in the vote between Nationalist and Country Party candidates, causing Labor with the largest primary vote to unexpectedly win the by-election. Full-preference preferential voting has remained in place since, allowing the Coalition parties to safely contest the same seats. The system would continuously benefit the Coalition until the 1990 election.^[1]

The election was held in conjunction with two referendum questions, neither of which was carried.

Results

House of Reps (IRV) — 1919–22—Turnout 71.59% (Non-CV) — Informal 3.47%
	Votes	%	Swing	Seats	Change	Notes
Nationalist Party of Australia	860,519	45.07	−9.15	37	−16
Australian Labor Party	811,244	42.49	−1.45	25	+3	^{(2 elected} _unopposed)
Country Party (state-based)	176,884	9.26	*	11	+11
Independent Nationalist	32,507	1.70	*	1	+1
Independents	28,077	1.47	−0.37	1	+1
Total	1,909,231			75
Nationalist Party of Australia	WIN	54.10	*	37	−16
Australian Labor Party		45.90	*	26	+4

Independents: Michael Considine (Barrier, NSW)

Popular Vote

Nationalist			45.07%
Labor			42.49%
Country			9.26%
Independent Nationalist			1.70%
Independent			1.47%

Two Party Preferred Vote

Nationalist			54.10%
Labor			45.90%

Parliament Seats

Nationalist			49.33%
Labor			33.33%
Country			14.67%
Independent Nationalist			1.33%
Independent			1.33%

Senate (P BV) — 1919–22—Turnout 71.33% (Non-CV) — Informal 8.61%
	Votes	%	Swing	Seats Won	Seats Held	Change
Nationalist Party of Australia	861,990	46.40	−8.97	18	35	+11
Australian Labor Party	795,858	42.84	−0.89	1	1	−11
Country Party	163,293	8.79	*	0	0	0
Independent	28,077	1.51	*	0	0	0
Other	8,605	0.46		0	0	0
Total	1,857,823			19	36

Seats changing hands

Seat	Pre-1919				Swing	Post-1919
Seat	Party		Member	Margin	Swing	Margin	Member	Party
Adelaide, SA		Labor	Edwin Yates	100.0	50.8	0.8	Reginald Blundell	Nationalist
Angas, SA		Nationalist	Paddy Glynn	0.8	1.5	0.7	Moses Gabb	Labor
Ballaarat, Vic		Labor	Charles McGrath	100.0	50.0	0.0	Edwin Kerby	Nationalist
Barrier, NSW		Labor	Michael Considine	N/A	53.8	3.8	Michael Considine	Independent
Brisbane, Qld		Labor	William Finlayson	0.0	1.0	1.0	Donald Charles Cameron	Nationalist
Calare, NSW		Nationalist	Henry Pigott	1.8	4.1	2.3	Thomas Lavelle	Labor
Cowper, NSW		Nationalist	John Thomson	100.0	71.6	21.6	Earle Page	Farmers & Settlers
Grampians, Vic		Nationalist	Edmund Jowett	4.8	N/A	8.2	Edmund Jowett	Victorian Farmers
Gwydir, NSW		Nationalist	William Webster	6.5	9.7	3.2	Lou Cunningham	Labor
Henty, Vic		Nationalist	James Boyd	20.6	23.2	2.9	Frederick Francis	Independent
Hindmarsh, SA		Nationalist	William Archibald	5.8	7.2	1.4	Norman Makin	Labor
Hume, NSW		Nationalist	Franc Falkiner	1.9	9.4	7.5	Parker Moloney	Labor
Indi, Vic		Nationalist	John Leckie	6.2	6.4	12.6	Robert Cook	Victorian Farmers
Kalgoorlie, WA		Nationalist	Edward Heitmann	1.3	3.4	2.1	Hugh Mahon	Labor
Swan, WA		Labor	Edwin Corboy	1.5	N/A	8.0	John Prowse	Farmers & Settlers
Werriwa, NSW		Nationalist	John Lynch	2.8	3.8	1.0	Bert Lazzarini	Labor
Wimmera, Vic		Nationalist	Sydney Sampson	100.0	59.5	9.5	Percy Stewart	Victorian Farmers

Members in italics did not contest their seat at this election.

Post-election pendulum

GOVERNMENT SEATS
Nationalist Party of Australia
Marginal
Ballaarat (Vic)	Edwin Kerby	NAT	00.0
Adelaide (SA)	Reginald Blundell	NAT	00.8
Brisbane (Qld)	Donald Charles Cameron	NAT	01.0
Eden-Monaro (NSW)	Austin Chapman	NAT	01.2
Riverina (NSW)	John Chanter	NAT	01.3
Fawkner (Vic)	George Maxwell	NAT	01.5
Grey (SA)	Alexander Poynton	NAT	01.8
Herbert (Qld)	Fred Bamford	NAT	02.4
Illawarra (NSW)	Hector Lamond	NAT	03.1
Robertson (NSW)	William Fleming	NAT	03.5
Oxley (Qld)	James Bayley	NAT	03.8
Denison (Tas)	William Laird Smith	NAT	03.9
Darwin (Tas)	George Bell	NAT	04.0
Wannon (Vic)	Arthur Rodgers	NAT	04.1
Wide Bay (Qld)	Edward Corser	NAT	04.3
Bendigo (Vic)	Billy Hughes	NAT	05.0
Gippsland (Vic)	George Wise	NAT	05.2 v VFU
Moreton (Qld)	Arnold Wienholt	NAT	05.2
Bass (Tas)	Syd Jackson	NAT	05.8
Fairly safe
Nepean (NSW)	Eric Bowden	NAT	07.1
New England (NSW)	Alexander Hay	NAT	07.3
Lang (NSW)	Elliot Johnson	NAT	07.3
Corio (Vic)	John Lister	NAT	07.5
Darling Downs (Qld)	Littleton Groom	NAT	07.7
Wakefield (SA)	Richard Foster	NAT	08.4
Safe
Wilmot (Tas)	Llewellyn Atkinson	NAT	10.2 v NAT
Fremantle (WA)	Reginald Burchell	NAT	10.8
Perth (WA)	James Fowler	NAT	11.0
Parkes (NSW)	Walter Marks	NAT	11.5
Franklin (Tas)	William McWilliams	NAT	12.1 v NAT
Lilley (Qld)	George Mackay	NAT	13.3
Wentworth (NSW)	Charles Marr	NAT	13.6
Barker (SA)	John Livingston	NAT	14.1
Kooyong (Vic)	Robert Best	NAT	14.3 v IND
Dampier (WA)	Henry Gregory	NAT	14.6
Balaclava (Vic)	William Watt	NAT	14.9
Flinders (Vic)	Stanley Bruce	NAT	15.5
Boothby (SA)	William Story	NAT	16.6
Very safe
Richmond (NSW)	Walter Massy-Greene	NAT	22.5
Parramatta (NSW)	Joseph Cook	NAT	22.6
North Sydney (NSW)	Granville Ryrie	NAT	25.5

NON-GOVERNMENT SEATS
Australian Labor Party and Country Party
Marginal
Angas (SA)	Moses Gabb	ALP	00.7
Werriwa (NSW)	Bert Lazzarini	ALP	01.0
Hindmarsh (SA)	Norman Makin	ALP	01.4
Kalgoorlie (WA)	Hugh Mahon	ALP	02.1
Maribyrnong (Vic)	James Fenton	ALP	02.1
Calare (NSW)	Thomas Lavelle	ALP	02.3
Maranoa (Qld)	Jim Page	ALP	02.7 v PPU
Capricornia (Qld)	William Higgs	ALP	02.8
Gwydir (NSW)	Lou Cunningham	ALP	03.2
Macquarie (NSW)	Samuel Nicholls	ALP	03.2
Bourke (Vic)	Frank Anstey	ALP	03.2
Fairly safe
Batman (Vic)	Frank Brennan	ALP	07.1
Hume (NSW)	Parker Moloney	ALP	07.5
East Sydney (NSW)	John West	ALP	07.8
Swan (WA)	John Prowse	F&SA	08.0 v ALP
Grampians (Vic)	Edmund Jowett	VFU	08.2 v ALP
Hunter (NSW)	Matthew Charlton	ALP	08.9
Wimmera (Vic)	Percy Stewart	VFU	09.5 v NAT
Dalley (NSW)	William Mahony	ALP	09.7
Safe
Corangamite (Vic)	William Gibson	VFU	10.4 v ALP
Kennedy (Qld)	Charles McDonald	ALP	11.7
Darling (NSW)	Arthur Blakeley	ALP	11.8
Indi (Vic)	Robert Cook	VFU	12.6 v ALP
Echuca (Vic)	William Hill	VFU	14.0 v NAT
Melbourne (Vic)	William Maloney	ALP	15.6
Cook (NSW)	James Catts	ALP	15.7
South Sydney (NSW)	Edward Riley	ALP	18.3
Very safe
Yarra (Vic)	Frank Tudor	ALP	20.3
Cowper (NSW)	Earle Page	F&SA	21.6 v ALP
West Sydney (NSW)	T. J. Ryan	ALP	22.2
Melbourne Ports (Vic)	James Mathews	ALP	unopposed
Newcastle (NSW)	David Watkins	ALP	unopposed
Independents
Henty (Vic)	Frederick Francis	IND	02.9 v NAT
Barrier (NSW)	Michael Considine	IND	03.8 v IND

Notes

↑ The Origin of Senate Group Ticket Voting, and it didn't come from the Major Parties: Antony Green ABC 23 September 2015

References

University of WA election results in Australia since 1890
Two-party-preferred vote since 1919

Elections and referendums in Australia

Federal elections	1901 1903 1906 1910 1913 1914 1917 1919 1922 1925 1928 1929 1931 1934 1937 1940 1943 1946 1949 1951 1953 1954 1955 1958 1961 1963 1964 1966 1967 1969 1970 1972 1974 1975 1977 1980 1983 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 next by-elections

Referendums	1906 1910 1911 1913 1916 1917 1919 1926 1928 1937 1944 1946 1948 1951 1967 1973 1974 1977 1984 1988 1999

Elections in: Australian Capital Territory New South Wales Northern Territory Queensland South Australia Tasmania Victoria Western Australia

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/22/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.