British princess
This is a list of British princesses from the accession of George I in 1714. This article deals with both princesses of the blood royal and women who become princesses upon marriage.
The use of the title of Princess of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is entirely at the will of the sovereign. Individuals holding the title of princess are styled "Her Royal Highness" (HRH). Since George V's Letters Patent of 30 November 1917,[1] the title "Princess" and the use of the style "Royal Highness" has generally been restricted to the following persons:
- the legitimate daughters of a British sovereign,
- the legitimate male line granddaughters of a British sovereign,
- the wife of a British prince.
On 31 December 2012, Elizabeth II issued letters patent enabling all children of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales to enjoy the princely title and style of Royal Highness, as opposed to only the eldest son.
Princesses of the blood royal and princesses by marriage
Under the current practice, princesses of the blood royal are the legitimate daughters and the legitimate male line granddaughters of a British Sovereign. They are dynasts, that is potential successors to the throne. For these individuals, the title "Princess of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" and the style "Her Royal Highness" is an entitlement for life. The title Princess and the style Royal Highness is prefixed to the Christian name, before another title of honour. From 1714 until 1917, the male-line great granddaughters of the Sovereign were titled "Princess of Great Britain and Ireland" with the style "Highness". Since 1917,[1] the male-line great granddaughters of the Sovereign, have held "the style and title enjoyed by the children of dukes". For example, the daughters of the current Duke of Gloucester, a male line grandson of George V, are styled The Lady Davina Lewis and The Lady Rose Gilman.
Princesses by marriage are the recognized wives of the Sovereign's sons and male-line grandsons.[1] Generally, these women are entitled to the style "Royal Highness" by virtue of marriage, and retain the style if widowed. However, Queen Elizabeth II issued Letters Patent dated 21 August 1996 stating that any woman divorced from a Prince of the United Kingdom would no longer be entitled to the style "Royal Highness". This has so far applied to Diana, Princess of Wales, and Sarah, Duchess of York.
Since the passage of the Royal Marriages Act 1772, there have been several instances in which princes of the blood contracted marriages in contravention of that act (which meant they were not legally married) and several instances in which the Sovereign withheld the style "Her Royal Highness" from a prince's wife deemed to be unsuitable. For example, Prince George, Duke of Cambridge, a male-line grandson of George III, married Sarah Louisa Fairbrother, in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act. Although morganatic marriage did not exist in British law, the duke's wife was never titled the Duchess of Cambridge or accorded the style "Her Royal Highness". Instead, she was known as "Mrs FitzGeorge". Most famously, George VI issued Letters Patent dated 27 May 1937 that entitled The Duke of Windsor "to hold and enjoy for himself only the title style or attribute of Royal Highness so however that his wife and descendants if any shall not hold the said title style or attribute".
The wife of a prince of the blood takes her husband's Christian name[2][3] in her title as do all married royal women. For example, upon her marriage to Prince Michael of Kent in 1978, Baroness Marie-Christine von Reibnitz assumed the title and style of "Her Royal Highness Princess Michael of Kent". Similarly, upon her marriage to then Prince Richard of Gloucester, the former Birgitte van Deurs assumed the title and style of "Her Royal Highness Princess Richard of Gloucester".
The situation is slightly different when a woman is married to a prince who happens to be a peer or the Prince of Wales. Upon marriage, the wife of the Prince of Wales becomes "Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales". Upon marriage, the wife of a royal duke (or earl) becomes "Her Royal Highness The Duchess (or Countess) of X". When Prince Richard of Gloucester succeeded to his father's dukedom in 1974, his wife became "Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Gloucester".
It has been traditional, and is still technically the case, that a princess by marriage cannot be called Princess and her first name. However, Diana, Princess of Wales, was so consistently referred to as "Princess Diana" that by frequent usage (at least in her case) it has come to be accepted occasionally in the media.[4]
History
The use of the titles prince and princess and the styles of Highness and Royal Highness for members of the Royal Family is of fairly recent usage in the British Isles. Before 1714,[1] there was no settled practice regarding the use of the titles prince and princess other than the heir apparent and his wife. From 1301 onward, the eldest sons of the Kings of England (and later Great Britain and the United Kingdom) have generally been created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester. Their wives were titled Princess of Wales.
The title Princess Royal came into being in 1642 when Queen Henrietta Maria, the French-born wife of Charles I, wished to imitate the way the eldest daughter of the French King was styled (Madame Royale). However, there was no settled practice on the use of the title princess for the Sovereign's younger daughters or male-line granddaughters. For example, as late as the time of Charles II, the daughters of his brother James, Duke of York, both of whom became Queens regnant, were called simply "The Lady Mary" and "The Lady Anne". The future Queen Anne was styled princess in her marriage treaty to Prince George of Denmark and then styled "Princess Anne of Denmark" once married. However, in exile at Saint-Germain-en-Laye the deposed James II gave the title of Princess Royal to his last daughter, Louisa Maria (1692–1712).
After the accession of George I of Hanover, the princely titles were changed to follow the German practice. The children, grandchildren, and male line great grandchildren of the British Sovereign were automatically titled "Prince or Princess of Great Britain and Ireland" and styled "Royal Highness" (in the case of children and grandchildren) or "Highness" (in the case of male line great grandchildren). Queen Victoria confirmed this practice in Letters Patent dated 30 January 1864 (the first Act of the Prerogative dealing with the princely title in general terms).[5]
On 31 December 2012, Elizabeth II issued letters patent enabling all children of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales to enjoy the princely title and style of Royal Highness, as opposed to only the eldest son.[6][7]
Styling of princesses
Princesses of the blood royal
- Daughter of a Sovereign: HRH The Princess N.
- The style HRH The Princess Royal is customarily (but not automatically) granted by the Sovereign, when vacant, to the Sovereign's eldest daughter.[8]
- Daughter of a son of a Sovereign: HRH Princess N of X, where X is the territorial designation of their father's senior peerage; e.g. HRH Princess Alexandra of Kent.
- Prior to Princess Charlotte, a daughter of the Prince of Wales: HRH Princess N
- Prior to 1917, a daughter of a son of a son of a Sovereign: HH Princess N of X
- From 31 December 2012, daughter of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales: HRH Princess N of X.
When a princess marries, she still takes on her husband's title. If the title is higher than (or equal to) the one she possesses, she will normally be styled using the female equivalent. If her husband has a lower title or style, her style as a princess remains in use, although it may then be combined with her style by marriage, e.g. HRH The Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll or HRH Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone – if that princess had a territorial designation, she ceases its use. However, some of the lowest styles are not utilised by senior royals — Princess Anne remains HRH The Princess Royal rather than HRH The Princess Royal, Lady Laurence.
Use of the title Princess by virtue of marriage
A woman who marries a Prince does not become a Princess in her own right, but rather is permitted to use the courtesy title "Princess Husband's name"; this is akin to a woman being referred to as "Mrs. John Smith". [9]
- Wife of a prince who has a peerage: HRH The Duchess/Countess of X, or, prior to 1917, possibly HH
- Since 1996, divorced wife of a prince who held a peerage: N, Duchess/Countess of X. (e.g. Diana, Princess of Wales and Sarah, Duchess of York)
- Wife of a son of a Sovereign, who has no peerage: HRH The Princess Husband.
- Wife of another prince who has no peerage: HRH Princess Husband of X.
- Prior to 1917, the wife of a prince in the third generation, who has no peerage: HH Princess Husband of X.
List of princesses of the blood royal since 1714
Title of Princess eliminated by Letters Patent issued 30 November 1917 (i.e. more remote than granddaughters of a monarch) |
British Princess who died a minor |
Title at birth | Birth | Death | Lineage | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sophia Dorothea | 1687 | 1757 | Daughter of George I | Gained title in 1714 upon accession of her father as George I. Queen-consort of Prussia 1713–1740. |
Anne | 1709 | 1759 | Daughter of George II | Gained title in 1714 upon accession of her grandfather as George I. |
Amelia Sophia Eleanor | 1711 | 1786 | Daughter of George II | Gained title in 1714 upon accession of her grandfather as George I. |
Caroline Elizabeth | 1713 | 1757 | Daughter of George II | Gained title in 1714 upon accession of her grandfather as George I. |
Mary | 1723 | 1772 | Daughter of George II | |
Louise | 1724 | 1751 | Daughter of George II | Queen of Denmark 1746-1751. |
Augusta Frederica | 1737 | 1813 | Granddaughter of George II | Daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales; Duchess of Brunswick 1780–1806. |
Elizabeth Caroline | 1741 | 1759 | Granddaughter of George II | Daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales |
Louise Anne | 1749 | 1768 | Granddaughter of George II | Daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales |
Caroline Matilda | 1751 | 1775 | Granddaughter of George II | Daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales; Queen of Denmark and Norway 1767–1775 |
Charlotte Augusta Matilda | 1766 | 1828 | Daughter of George III | Held the title 'The Princess Charlotte' from birth and formally styled Princess Royal in 1789. Queen of Württemberg 1806–1816. |
Augusta Sophia | 1768 | 1840 | Daughter of George III | |
Elizabeth | 1770 | 1840 | Daughter of George III | |
Sophia Matilda | 1773 | 1834 | Great granddaughter of George II | Daughter of Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh; granted style of Royal Highness in 1816[10] |
Caroline Augusta Maria | 1774 | 1775 | Great granddaughter of George II | Daughter of Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh |
Mary | 1776 | 1857 | Daughter of George III | |
Sophia Matilda | 1777 | 1848 | Daughter of George III | |
Amelia | 1783 | 1810 | Daughter of George III | |
Charlotte Augusta | 1796 | 1817 | Daughter of George IV | Death in childbirth left Kingdom without direct line heir |
Charlotte Augusta Louisa | 1819 | 1819 | Granddaughter of George III | Daughter of Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews (later William IV) |
Alexandrina Victoria | 1819 | 1901 | Granddaughter of George III | Daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn succeeded as Queen Victoria, reigned 1837–1901. Title held until her accession in 1837 as Queen Victoria |
Elizabeth Georgiana Adelaide | 1820 | 1821 | Granddaughter of George III | Daughter of Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews (later William IV) |
Augusta Caroline Charlotte Elizabeth Mary Sophia Louise | 1822 | 1916 | Granddaughter of George III | Daughter of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge; Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 1860–1904 |
Mary Adelaide Wilhemina Elizabeth | 1833 | 1897 | Granddaughter of George III | Daughter of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge; mother of Queen Mary |
Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa | 1840 | 1901 | Daughter of Queen Victoria | Held the title 'The Princess Victoria' from birth and styled 'The Princess Royal' in 1841. German Empress and Queen of Prussia 1888 and mother of William II, German Emperor and King of Prussia |
Alice Maud Mary | 1843 | 1878 | Daughter of Queen Victoria | Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine 1877–1878. |
Helena Augusta Victoria | 1846 | 1923 | Daughter of Queen Victoria | |
Frederica Sophie Marie Henrietta Amelia Theresa | 1848 | 1926 | Great-granddaughter of George III | Title from birth until 1917,[1] daughter of George V of Hanover |
Louise Caroline Alberta | 1848 | 1939 | Daughter of Queen Victoria | |
Marie Ernestine Josephine Adolphine Henrietta Theresa Elisabeth Alexandrina | 1849 | 1904 | Great granddaughter of George III | Daughter of George V of Hanover |
Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore | 1857 | 1944 | Daughter of Queen Victoria | |
Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar | 1867 | 1931 | Daughter of Edward VII | Held the title 'Princess Louise of Wales' from birth, 'The Princess Louise' from her father's accession in 1901 and styled 'The Princess Royal' in 1905 |
Victoria Alexandra Olga Mary | 1868 | 1935 | Daughter of Edward VII | Held the title 'Princess Victoria of Wales' from birth, 'The Princess Victoria' from her father's accession in 1901, held title until death |
Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria | 1869 | 1938 | Daughter of Edward VII | Queen of Norway 1905–1938. |
Marie Alexandra Victoria | 1875 | 1938 | Granddaughter of Queen Victoria | Daughter of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh; Queen of Romania 1914–1927. |
Victoria Melita | 1876 | 1936 | Granddaughter of Queen Victoria | Daughter of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh; Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine 1894–1901; de jure Empress of All Russia 1924-1936 |
Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria | 1878 | 1942 | Granddaughter of Queen Victoria | Daughter of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh. |
Marie Louise Victoria Caroline Amelia Alexandra Augusta Frederica | 1879 | 1948 | Great-great granddaughter of George III | Title from birth until 1917, daughter of Crown Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover. |
Margaret Victoria Charlotte Augusta Norah | 1882 | 1920 | Granddaughter of Queen Victoria | Daughter of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn; Crown Princess of Sweden 1907-1920 |
Alexandra Marie Louise Olga Elizabeth Theresa Vera | 1882 | 1963 | Great-great granddaughter of George III | Title from birth until 1917, daughter of Crown Prince Ernst Augustus of Hanover. |
Alice Mary Victoria Augusta Pauline | 1883 | 1981 | Granddaughter of Victoria | Daughter of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany |
Beatrice Leopoldine Victoria | 1884 | 1966 | Granddaughter of Queen Victoria | Daughter of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh |
Olga Adelaide Louise Marie Alexandrina Agnes | 1884 | 1958 | Great-great granddaughter of George III | Title from birth until 1917, daughter of Crown Prince Ernst Augustus of Hanover. |
Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth | 1886 | 1974 | Granddaughter of Queen Victoria | Title held from her birth until 1919 when she relinquished her title and style upon marriage,[11] Daughter of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn |
Alexandra Victoria Alberta Edwina Louise | 1891 | 1959 | Granddaughter in female line of Edward VII | Title granted by Letters Patent of 1905,[12] Daughter of Princess Louise, Duchess of Fife. |
Maud Alexandra Victoria Georgina Bertha | 1893 | 1945 | Granddaughter of Edward VII | Title granted by Letters Patent of 1905,[12] ceased use of title after her marriage in 1923 although it was never formally relinquished, daughter of Princess Louise, Duchess of Fife |
Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary | 1897 | 1965 | Daughter of George V | Held the title 'Princess Mary of York' from birth, 'The Princess Mary' on her father's accession in 1910, and styled 'The Princess Royal' in 1932 |
Sibylla Calma Maria Alice Bathildis Feodora | 1907 | 1972 | Great-granddaughter of Victoria | Title from birth until 1917, daughter of Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany |
Caroline Matilda Helen Louise Augusta Beatrice | 1912 | 1983 | Great granddaughter of Victoria | Title from birth until 1917, daughter of Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany |
Frederica Louisa Thyra Victoria Margareta Olga Cécilie Isabella Christa | 1917 | 1981 | Great-great-great granddaughter of George III | Title from birth until 1917, daughter of Ernest Augustus III, Prince of Hanover and Duke of Brunswick |
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary | 1926 | Daughter of George VI | Held the title 'Princess Elizabeth of York' from birth, 'The Princess Elizabeth' from her father's accession in 1936, until her succession in 1952 as Queen Elizabeth II | |
Margaret Rose | 1930 | 2002 | Daughter of George VI | Held the title 'Princess Margaret of York' from birth, 'The Princess Margaret' from her father's accession in 1936, and 'The Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon' after her marriage, title held title until death |
Alexandra Helen Elizabeth Olga Christabel | 1936 | Granddaughter of George V | Daughter of Prince George, Duke of Kent | |
Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise | 1950 | Daughter of Elizabeth II | Held the title 'Princess Anne of Edinburgh' from birth, 'The Princess Anne' from her mother's accession, and styled 'The Princess Royal' in 1987 | |
Beatrice Elizabeth Mary | 1988 | Granddaughter of Elizabeth II | Daughter of Prince Andrew, Duke of York | |
Eugenie Victoria Helena | 1990 | Granddaughter of Elizabeth II | Daughter of Prince Andrew, Duke of York | |
Louise Alice Elizabeth Mary | 2003 | Granddaughter of Elizabeth II | Daughter of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex; styled as an earl's daughter per her parents' wishes and the will of the Queen, Lady Louise is thought by some experts to nonetheless retain her princely status (see her titles and styles) | |
Charlotte Elizabeth Diana | 2015 | Great granddaughter of Elizabeth II | Daughter of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, holds the title 'Princess Charlotte of Cambridge' |
List of princesses by marriage since 1714
Title of Princess where spouses title was eliminated by Letters Patent issued 30 November 1917 or Order in Council in 1919 |
Princess | Birth | Death | Marriage | Husband | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach | 1683 | 1737 | 1705 | George, Prince of Wales | Gained title by accession of her father-in-law as George I in 1714 and held it until her husband's accession as George II in 1727 |
Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha | 1719 | 1772 | 1736 | Frederick, Prince of Wales | |
Maria Walpole | 1736 | 1807 | 1766 | Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh | |
Anne Horton | 1742 | 1808 | 1771 | Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn | Gained title by her second marriage |
Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia | 1767 | 1820 | 1791 | Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany | |
Duchess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | 1768 | 1821 | 1795 | George, Prince of Wales | Held title until her husband's accession as George IV in 1820. |
Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz | 1778 | 1841 | 1815 | Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale | Gained title by her third marriage and held title until her husband's accession as Ernest Augustus I of Hanover in 1837. |
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld | 1786 | 1861 | 1818 | Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn | Gained title by her second marriage |
Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen | 1792 | 1849 | 1818 | Prince William, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews | Held title until her husband's accession as William IV in 1830. |
Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel | 1797 | 1889 | 1818 | Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge | |
Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg | 1818 | 1907 | 1843 | George, Crown Prince of Hanover | Held title until her husband's accession as George V of Hanover in 1851. |
Princess Alexandra of Denmark | 1844 | 1925 | 1863 | Albert Edward, Prince of Wales | Held title until her husband's accession as Edward VII in 1901. |
Princess Thyra of Denmark | 1853 | 1933 | 1878 | Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover | Husband lost British title of Prince in 1917 |
Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia | 1853 | 1920 | 1874 | Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh | Held title until her husband's accession as Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1893. |
Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia | 1860 | 1917 | 1879 | Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn | |
Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont | 1861 | 1922 | 1882 | Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany | |
Princess Mary of Teck | 1867 | 1953 | 1893 | Prince George, Duke of York | Held title until her husband's accession as George V in 1910. |
Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein | 1885 | 1970 | 1905 | Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany | Husband lost British title of Prince in 1919 |
Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia | 1892 | 1980 | 1913 | Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick | Husband lost British title of Prince in 1917. Princess Viktoria Luise was born Princess of Prussia being the only daughter of the German Kaiser Wilhelm II. |
Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon | 1900 | 2002 | 1923 | Prince Albert, Duke of York | Held title until her husband's accession as George VI in 1936. |
Lady Alice Montagu-Douglas-Scott | 1901 | 2004 | 1935 | Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester | When she was widowed in 1974 she was granted special permission to style herself as a princess suo jure. |
Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark | 1906 | 1968 | 1934 | Prince George, Duke of Kent | Princess of Greece and Denmark by birth. However, when she was widowed she reverted her title to Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent, styling herself as a princess suo jure in the UK. |
Katharine Worsley | 1933 | 1961 | Prince Edward, Duke of Kent | ||
Baroness Marie Christine von Reibnitz | 1945 | 1978 | Prince Michael of Kent | Gained title by her second marriage | |
Birgitte van Deurs | 1946 | 1972 | Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester | ||
Camilla Parker Bowles | 1947 | 2005 | Charles, Prince of Wales | By her second marriage she became Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cornwall, Duchess of Rothesay, Countess of Chester. She also holds the title of Princess of Wales but does not use it.[13] | |
Sarah Ferguson | 1959 | 1986 | Prince Andrew, Duke of York | Lost style of Her Royal Highness and her position as a Princess upon divorce, and was restyled as "Sarah, Duchess of York".[14] | |
Lady Diana Spencer | 1961 | 1997 | 1981 | Charles, Prince of Wales | Lost style of Her Royal Highness upon divorce, and was restyled as "Diana, Princess of Wales". She was also a "Lady" (as a daughter of an earl) in her own right prior to marriage.[15] |
Sophie Rhys-Jones | 1965 | 1999 | Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex | On marriage she became: Her Royal Highness The Countess of Wessex.[16] | |
Catherine Middleton | 1982 | 2011 | Prince William, Duke of Cambridge | On marriage she became: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge, Countess of Strathearn and Lady Carrickfergus.[17][18][19] |
Notes
Each of the following women married a royal prince but as their marriages were invalid under the Royal Marriages Act 1772, they did not become princesses:
- Maria Anne Fitzherbert, married George, Prince of Wales in 1785
- Lady Augusta Murray, married Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex in 1793
- Lady Cecilia Buggin, married Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex. She was later created Duchess of Inverness.
- Sarah Louisa Fairbrother, married Prince George, Duke of Cambridge in 1847
Although Wallis Simpson married the Duke of Windsor in 1937, and he was a British prince with the style His Royal Highness, having been confirmed as such by letters patent 27 May 1937 from his brother, George VI, Wallis and her descendants from the marriage were expressly denied the style of "Royal Highness" by the same letters patent[20] before she married him. As a duke's wife, she was always styled Her Grace The Duchess of Windsor.
There have been two instances where a British princess married a British prince: first The Princess Mary, daughter of George III, who married her first cousin Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh; and secondly Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife, granddaughter of Edward VII, who married her first cousin once removed Prince Arthur of Connaught. In the first instance Princess Mary was of higher rank and the Duke of Gloucester and his sister were elevated from the style His/Her Highness to His/Her Royal Highness. In the second instance Princess Alexandra had been granted the style Her Highness by her grandfather the King; as the wife of a Prince she received the style Her Royal Highness.
There is also the curious case of Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, later Queen Victoria Eugenia of Spain (the daughter of Princess Beatrice and Prince Henry of Battenberg). Prior to her marriage to Alfonso XIII of Spain in May 1906, she was styled Her Highness Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg. On April 3, 1906, Edward VII, in order to elevate her standing prior to her wedding, raised her status to Royal Highness per royal declaration which read: "Whitehall April 3, 1906. The KING has been graciously pleased to declare and ordain that His Majesty's niece, Her Highness Princess Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena, daughter of Her Royal Highness the Princess Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore (Princess Henry of Battenberg), shall henceforth be styled and called "Her Royal Highness"; And to command that the said Royal concession and declaration be registered in His Majesty's College of Arms."[21] Edward VII concurrently issued a Royal Warrant on the elevation which read: "Our Will and Pleasure is and we do hereby declare and ordain that from and after the date of this Warrant our most Dear Niece Princess Victoria Eugénie Julia Ena, only daughter of Our most Dear Sister Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore (Princess Henry of Battenberg) shall be styled entitled and called "Her Royal Highness" before her name and such Titles and Appellations which to her belong in all Deeds Records Instruments or Documents whatsoever wherein she may at any time hereafter be named or described. And We do hereby authorize and empower Our said most Dear Niece henceforth at all times to assume and use and to be called and named by the Style, Title and Appellation of "Her Royal Highness" accordingly. Given at Our Court of Saint James's, the Third day of April 1906: in the Sixth Year of Our Reign. By His Majesty's Command. M Gladstone"[22] Whether this made her a British Royal Princess is the subject of debate.
The former Lady Diana Spencer lost the prefix of Her Royal Highness upon her divorce in August 1996, and was restyled as "Diana, Princess of Wales". Buckingham Palace issued a press release on the day of the decree absolute of divorce was issued, announcing Diana's change of title, but made it clear that Diana continued to be a member of the British Royal Family. This was confirmed by the Deputy Coroner of the Queen's Household, Baroness Butler-Sloss, after a pre-hearing on 8 January 2007: "I am satisfied that at her death, Diana, Princess of Wales continued to be a member of the Royal Household."[23] This appears to have been confirmed in the High Court judicial review matter of Al Fayed & Ors v Butler-Sloss.[24] In that case, three High Court judges accepted submissions that the "very name ‘Coroner to the Queen’s Household’ gave the appearance of partiality in the context of inquests into the deaths of two people, one of whom was a member of the Family and the other was not."[24]
Common names
Of the above named princesses, there are a great number of shared names:
- Mary, or similar (like Marie and Maria, usually ultimately after Mary, mother of Jesus), occurs thirty-one times – Queen Mary; her daughter, Mary, Princess Royal; Queen Alexandra; Queen Victoria's daughter, Victoria, Princess Royal and her mother, Princess Victoria, Duchess of Kent; and, currently, The Queen; Princess Beatrice of York; Lady Louise Windsor; The Duchess of Kent and Princess Michael of Kent among them
- Louise (or Louisa) is borne by twenty-six – including Queen Louise of Denmark; Queen Victoria's daughters, Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll and Victoria, Princess Royal, and her mother, Princess Victoria, Duchess of Kent; Louise, Princess Royal; Princess Louise, Duchess of Connaught; Queens Mary, Alexandra and Adelaide; and, currently, Lady Louise Windsor and Anne, Princess Royal
- Victoria is the name of twenty-five princesses, nineteen of whom are named for Queen Victoria – among these being her four daughters (including "Vicky", Princess Royal); her granddaughter, The Princess Victoria; Mary, Princess Royal; and, currently, Princess Eugenie of York. Among those not named for the queen are her mother, Princess Victoria, Duchess of Kent and Queen Mary
Others include Charlotte; Alexandra (and Alexandrina); Augusta; Elizabeth; Caroline; Sophie (and Sophia) and Matilda (Maud)
See also
Sources
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Royal Styles and Titles – 1917 Letters Patent". April 2012. Retrieved April 2015. Check date values in:
|access-date=
(help) - ↑ Countess of Wessex official page Archived March 27, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Photo
- ↑ https://www.google.dk/search?q=princess+diana&oq=princess+diana&aqs=chrome.0.57j0l3j62l2.2620j0&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
- ↑ Royal Styles and Titles – 1864 Letters Patent
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 60384. p. 213. 8 January 2013.
- ↑ "Royal baby girl 'would be princess'". BBC News. 9 January 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
- ↑ The Royal Family: Royal Titles. "Style and Title of the Princess Royal." - Royal.gov.uk Retrieved 16 June 2008.
- ↑ {{http://www.heraldica.org/topics/britain/prince_highness_docs.htm#1917_2}}
- ↑ Royal Styles and Titles – 1816 Letters Patent
- ↑ Royal Styles and Titles – 1919 Letters Patent
- 1 2 Royal Styles and Titles – 1905 Letters Patent
- ↑ "House of Commons". parliament.uk. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ "The Royal Family" (PDF). royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 17, 2012. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
- ↑ "Diana, Princess of Wales — Marriage and family". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on May 12, 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
- ↑ "The Countess of Wessex – Titles". royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on March 27, 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ↑ "Styles and titles – The Duchess of Cambridge". The Royal Household. Archived from the original on July 26, 2013. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
Miss Catherine Middleton became Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge, Countess of Strathearn and Lady Carrickfergus.
- ↑ Rayner, Gordon (2 August 2013). "Royal baby: Duke and Duchess of Cambridge register birth of Prince George". The Telegraph.
The Duchess is entitled to use the title Princess William of Wales, but has never described herself as such because the couple decided to be known as the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge after the titles were conferred on them by the Queen on their wedding day.
- ↑ Rayner, Gordon (2 August 2013). "Duchess Kate: Princess of the United Kingdom (but you can call me mummy)". The Daily Telegraph.
Although she has never used the name, the Duchess is entitled to refer to herself as Princess William of Wales, as well as being Countess of Strathearn and Lady Carrickfergus.
- ↑ Royal Styles and Titles – 1937 Letters Patent
- ↑ News.webshots.com
- ↑ Heraldica.com
- ↑ "Inquests into the deaths of Diana, Princess of Wales and Mr Dodi Al Fayed: Decisions of 8 January 2007". Butler-sloss-inquests.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 2007-10-30. Retrieved 2010-11-02.
- 1 2 "High Court Judgment Template" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2008. Retrieved 13 October 2008.