CIPHERUNICORN-E

CIPHERUNICORN-E
General
Designers	NEC
First published	1998
Successors	CIPHERUNICORN-A
Certification	CRYPTREC (Candidate)
Cipher detail
Key sizes	128 bits
Block sizes	64 bits
Structure	Feistel network
Rounds	16

In cryptography, CIPHERUNICORN-E is a block cipher created by NEC in 1998. It was among the cryptographic techniques recommended for Japanese government use by CRYPTREC in 2003, however, has been dropped to "candidate" by CRYPTREC revision in 2013.

The algorithm has a 16-round modified Feistel network structure, with an additional key-dependent mixing function after every 2 rounds. The block size is 64 bits, and the key size 128 bits. The round function is fairly complicated, split into two nearly parallel computations.

The first part (called the main stream by the designers) consists of XORs and S-box lookups, with a few choices influenced by the second part. This second function (called temporary key generation) uses more XORs and two operations which are equivalent to modular multiplications. Subkeys are added at various stages of both parts of the round function. There are 4 S-boxes in all, each with 8-bit inputs and outputs.

In 2000 NEC used the same high-level structure, with more elaborate components, to design the CIPHERUNICORN-A cipher.

CIPHERUNICORN-E's key schedule uses a nested Feistel network, based on some of the same building blocks as the cipher itself.

The complexity of CIPHERUNICORN-E's round function has made it difficult to analyze. Some limited analysis has been done on simplified variants, showing that they are likely resistant to both differential and linear cryptanalysis.

References

ISO/IEC9979-0019 Register Entry (PDF), registered 6 July 1998 (includes sample implementation source code)
Matt Robshaw (14 December 2001). "A Cryptographic Review of CIPHERUNICORN-E" (PDF). Retrieved 21 January 2007.
David Wagner (17 December 2001). "An Evaluation of the Security of CIPHERUNICORN-E Against Certain Attacks" (PDF). Retrieved 21 January 2007.

Block ciphers (security summary)

Common algorithms	AES Blowfish DES (Internal Mechanics, Triple DES) Serpent Twofish

Less common algorithms	Camellia CAST-128 IDEA RC2 RC5 RC6 SEED ARIA Skipjack TEA XTEA

Other algorithms	3-Way Akelarre Anubis BaseKing BassOmatic BATON BEAR and LION CAST-256 Chiasmus CIKS-1 CIPHERUNICORN-A CIPHERUNICORN-E CLEFIA CMEA Cobra COCONUT98 Crab Cryptomeria/C2 CRYPTON CS-Cipher DEAL DES-X DFC E2 FEAL FEA-M FROG G-DES GOST Grand Cru Hasty Pudding cipher Hierocrypt ICE IDEA NXT Intel Cascade Cipher Iraqi KASUMI KeeLoq KHAZAD Khufu and Khafre KN-Cipher Kuznyechik Ladder-DES Libelle LOKI (97, 89/91) Lucifer M6 M8 MacGuffin Madryga MAGENTA MARS Mercy MESH MISTY1 MMB MULTI2 MultiSwap New Data Seal NewDES Nimbus NOEKEON NUSH PRESENT Prince Q RC6 REDOC Red Pike S-1 SAFER SAVILLE SC2000 SHACAL SHARK Simon SM4 Speck Spectr-H64 Square SXAL/MBAL Threefish Treyfer UES Xenon xmx XXTEA Zodiac

Design	Feistel network Key schedule Lai-Massey scheme Product cipher S-box P-box SPN Avalanche effect Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation)

Attack (cryptanalysis)	Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM (Biclique attack, 3-subset MITM attack) Linear (Piling-up lemma) Differential (Impossible Truncated Higher-order) Differential-linear Distinguishing (Known-key) Integral/Square Boomerang Mod n Related-key Slide Rotational Timing XSL Interpolation Partitioning Davies' Rebound Weak key Tau Chi-square Time/memory/data tradeoff

Standardization	AES process CRYPTREC NESSIE

Utilization	Initialization vector Mode of operation Padding

Cryptography

History of cryptography Cryptanalysis Outline of cryptography

Symmetric-key algorithm Block cipher Stream cipher Public-key cryptography Cryptographic hash function Message authentication code Random numbers Steganography

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