Call signs in Russia

Call signs in Russia are unique identifiers for telecommunications and broadcasting. Call signs are regulated internationally by the ITU as well as nationally by Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation. The latter is responsible for providing policy on the allocation of Russia's radio spectrum to support efficient, reliable and responsive wireless telecommunications and broadcasting infrastructure.^[1]

In 1991 Russia inherited the largest portion of the former Soviet Union's allocated call signs. The other post-USSR countries which inherited parts of the ITU UAA–UZZ call sign block are Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine.

Call sign blocks for telecommunication

The International Telecommunication Union has assigned Russia the following call sign blocks for all radio communication, broadcasting or transmission:^[2]

Call sign block
RAA–RZZ	Russia
UAA–UIZ	Russia

While not directly related to call signs, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) further has divided all countries assigned amateur radio prefixes into three regions; Russia is located in ITU Region 1.

Call sign assignments for amateur radio

Amateur radio or ham radio call signs are unique identifiers for the 24,000 licensed operators.

Russia uses the following 1-letter and 2-letter prefixes in amateur radio call signs for normal operation: R, RA, RK, RN, RU, RV, RW, RX, RZ, and UA. Any of these prefixes can be used in any of the Oblasts. The other prefixes are reserved for special operation.

It uses the numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and Ø to separate prefixes from suffixes, and to indicate in which of the six regions the amateur was assigned the call sign.

Russia designates the first letter of the suffix to designate the Oblast within the region. This means that for most call signs the numeral and first letter of the suffix identifies the operator in one of the 92 Russian Oblasts.

Table of call sign allocations (numeral and first letter of suffix)
Northwest Russia		Central Russia		Volga River		North Caucasus		Urals & West Siberia		East Siberia & Far East
1A 1C 1D 1N 1O 1P 1Q 1T 1W 1Y 2F	Saint Petersburg Leningrad Saint Petersburg Karelia Arkhangelsk Nenets Vologda Novgorod Pskov Murmansk Kaliningrad	3A 3D 3E 3F 3G 3H 3I 3L 3M 3N 3P 3Q 3R 3S 3T 3U 3V 3W 3X 3Y 3Z	Moscow Moskovskaya Oryol Moscow Lipetsk Moscow Tver Smolensk Yaroslavl Kostroma Tula Voronezh Tambov Ryazan Nizhny Novgorod Ivanovo Vladimir Kursk Kaluga Bryansk Belgorod	4A 4C 4F 4H 4L 4N 4P 4S 4U 4W 4Y	Volgograd Saratov Penza Samara Ulyanovsk Kirov Tatarstan Mari El Mordovia Udmurtia Chuvashia	6A 6E 6F 6I 6J 6K 6L 6P 6Q 7R 6U 6W 6X 6Y	Krasnodar Karachay–Cherkessia Stavropol Kalmykia North Ossetia–Alania Crimea Rostov Chechnya Ingushetia Sevastopol Astrakhan Dagestan Kabardino-Balkaria Adygea	9A 9C 9F 9H 9J 9K 9L 9M 9O 9Q 9S 9U 9W 9X 9Y 9Z	Chelyabinsk Sverdlovsk Perm Tomsk Khanty–Mansi Yamalo-Nenets Tyumen Omsk Novosibirsk Kurgan Orenburg Kemerovo Bashkortostan Komi Altai Krai Altai Republic	0A 0C 0D 0E 0I 0J 0K 0L 0O 0Q 0S 0U 0W 0Y 0Z	Krasnoyarsk Khabarovsk Jewish Sakhalin Magadan Amur Chukotka Primorskiy Buryatia Sakha Irkutsk Zabaykalsky Khakassia Tuva Kamchatka
Russia's amateur callsign number regions

Combinations not listed are used by radio amateurs in the federal subject next to the listed combination immediately preceding it in the sort order; e.g., the 1B combination is used by radio amateurs in Saint Petersburg. Since 2010, call signs in the '3' region can also be issued with the numerals 2 and 5; in the '6' region with numeral 7; and in the '9' region with numeral 8. ^[3]

Special call signs

The second letter in a suffix: W, X, Y, Z – Club stations
U1–4, 6, 9–0 World War II veterans
U1MIR–U9MIR cosmonauts
RI1ANA–RI1ANZ, RA00ANT–RI99ANT Antarctica ^[4]
RI1FJA–RI1FJZ Franz Josef Land (Arctic)
R1MVA–R1MVZ Maly Vysotsky Island (ex-4J1.)
RA2, UA2–UI2 (F or K next letter) Kaliningrad Oblast
R3ARES – Russian amateur radio emergency service H.Q (RARES), Moscow.
RE0RAS – RARES, Regional service. Central Siberia, Krasnoyarsk.
R3ARC – H.Q. Rescue service of Russian Red Cross. Moscow.
R3RRC – "Russian Robinson Club" H.Q. Lipetsk city (R3G area).
R3SRR – Russian Amateur Radio Union H.Q. Moscow.
R3VHF – VHF Committee of Russian Amateur Radio Union.
RS0ISS – Cosmonauts on the International Space Station.

History of call sign allocation

Russia was not a signatory to the 1913 Berlin agreement but received the R block series. Amateur radio was not yet developed enough to be subject to this identification scheme.

In 1927 the International Telecommunication Union Conference in Washington (D.C., USA) established internally agreed upon call sign prefixes – Russia was now in the USSR and the latter was assigned the RAA–RZZ block.

At the 1947 Atlantic City ITU Conference, the USSR was assigned the following call sign blocks:

Call sign block	1947 Assignment	Present assignment
DRA–DTZ	Bielorussian Soviet Socialist Republic	Germany (DR), Korea (DS–DT)
EKA–EKZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Armenia
EMA–EOZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Ukraine (EM–EO)
ERA–ERZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Moldova
ESA–ESZ	Estonian SSR	Estonia
EUA–EZZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Belarus (EU–EY), Turkmenistan (EZ)
LYA–LYZ	Lithuanian SSR	Lithuania
RAA–RZZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Russia
UAA–UQZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Russia (UA–UI), Uzbekistan (UJ–UM), Kazakhstan (UN–UQ)
URA–UTZ	Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic	Ukraine (UR–UZ)
UUA–UZZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Ukraine
YLA–YLZ	Latvian SSR	Latvia
4JA–4LZ	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	Azerbaijan (4J–4K), Georgia (4L)

As of 2010, several call sign codes were deleted or merged following the merger of the corresponding entity with a neighbouring subject of the Russian Federation between 2005 and 2008:^[5]

9G (the Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug) merged with 9F (Perm Oblast) to become Perm Krai which uses both 9F and 9G
8T (the Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug) merged with 0S, 0T Irkutsk Oblast
8V (the Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug) merged with 0U, 0V (Chita Oblast) to become Zabaykalsky Krai
0B (the Taymyr Autonomous Okrug) and 0H (the Evenk Autonomous Okrug) merged with 0A (Krasnoyarsk Krai)
0X (the Koryak Autonomous Okrug) merged with 0Z (Kamchatka Oblast) to become 0X, 0Z (Kamchatka Krai)

Japan/USSR Disputed areas – WWII

Sakhalin Island has been disputed between Russia/USSR and Japan since the mid-19th century. From 1905 until after World War II, South Sakhalin Island was under Japanese control and was assigned the JP7 call sign prefix for radio purposes. From 1945 until the present the call sign prefix for all of Sahalin Island is UA0, with F as the first letter of the suffix. The Japan-Soviet Joint Declaration of 1956 laid down that Habomai Is. and Shikotan I. should be returnable to Japan, but Russia is still the administrative authority in the Four Northern Islands.^[6]

Germany/USSR Disputed areas – WWII

While not strictly a Russian call sign issue, following World War II, Byelorussia inherited the DR–DT block at the Atlantic City Conference from the German D-block.^[7] The block was then transferred back to Germany, and the DS–DT block subsequently given to South Korea.

References

Call signs

By type	Aircraft Airlines Broadcast Amateur radio Maritime Military Spacecraft

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