Cardiff Blitz

Cardiff, Wales
Cardiff Docks, shown in pre-1900 photo

The Cardiff Blitz refers to the bombing of Cardiff, Wales during World War II. Between 1940 and the final raid on the city in March 1944 approximately 2,100 bombs fell, killing 355 people.[1]

Cardiff Docks became a strategic bombing target for Luftwaffe (the Nazi German air force) as it was one of the biggest coal ports in the world.[2][3] Consequently, it and the surrounding area were heavily bombed. Llandaff Cathedral, amongst many other civilian buildings caught in the raids, was damaged by the bombing in 1941.[4]

Bombing raids

1940-41

During 1940 the Luftwaffe targeted Cardiff on the 3rd, 10th and 12 July and 7 August. This was followed in 1941 with raids on 2nd, 3 and 10 January. Over 100 bombers attacked the city over a 10-hour period beginning at 6.37 pm on the night of 2 January 1941. Dropping high explosive bombs, incendiary bombs and parachute mines, the Riverside area was the first to be bombed. In Grangetown, the Hollyman Brothers bakery was hit by a parachute mine and 32 people who were using the basement as a shelter were killed. When the raid was over 165 people had been killed and 427 more injured, while nearly 350 homes were destroyed or had to be demolished.

Chapels and the nave of Llandaff Cathedral were also damaged. Western Cardiff was the worst hit area, particularly Canton and Riverside, where 116 people were killed, an estimated 50 of which were killed in one street in Riverside, De Burgh Street. The 10-hour air raid had started at 18:37 and Grangetown was the first area to be hit by 100 German aircraft.[1][5]

Further raids followed on 27 February, through March 1, 4, 12, 20 and April 3, 12, 29, 30 and May 4 to 11.

1942-44

In 1942 fewer raids occurred but two occurred on 30 June and 2 July. In 1943 some of the last raids occurred on 7 May and 17–18 May, the raid on 17 May believed by the British press to be in retaliation for the Dambusters' raid hit the train station, and a 1,200-pound (540 kg) unexploded bomb threatened to stop rail traffic.[6]

On the final raid, one of the bombers mistook the Irish Sea for the River Severn and bombed Cork in Ireland.[7]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 BBC News | Cardiff's 'worst night' of Blitz remembered 70 years on
  2. ↑ "Coal Exchange to 'stock exchange'". BBC News Wales. 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2008-10-11.
  3. ↑ "Rhagor, Cardiff - Coal and Shipping Metropolis of the World". Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales. Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales. 2007-04-18. Retrieved 2008-10-11.
  4. ↑ "History of Llandaff Cathedral". Llandaffcathedral.org.uk. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
  5. ↑ WalesOnline | The day German bombs arrived
  6. ↑ "obituaries:Major Hugo Jones". daily telegraph. 11 Feb 2011. Retrieved 13 Feb 2011.
  7. ↑ Phil Carradice (1 July 2011). "The Cardiff Blitz". BBC Wales. Retrieved 16 November 2013.

External links

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