Quadrangular castle
A quadrangular castle or courtyard castle is a type of castle characterised by ranges of buildings which are integral with the curtain walls, enclosing a central ward or quadrangle, and typically with angle towers. There is no keep and frequently no distinct gatehouse. The quadrangular form predominantly dates from the mid to late fourteenth century and signals the transition from defensively to domestically oriented great houses. The four walls are also known as ranges.
Quadrangular castles typically display a sophisticated and complex approach to the planning of internal social spaces.[1][2] There are many quadrangular castles around Britain, for example: Bodiam Castle in East Sussex, and Bolton Castle.
The 27 quadrangular castles identified by John Rickard as being built in England consist roughly 10% of the castles built in the country between 1272 and 1422. No castles of this design were built in Wales.[3]
One of the earliest quadrangular castles in Germany is Neuleiningen, of which substantial ruins remain.
List of quadrangular castles
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County Durham
Article | Place | inception | coordinate location | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lumley Castle | County Durham | 1389 | 54°51′17″N 1°33′11″W / 54.8547°N 1.55293°W | ![]() |
Raby Castle | County Durham | 1378 | 54°35′27″N 1°48′07″W / 54.590833333333°N 1.8019444444444°W | ![]() |
North Yorkshire
Article | Place | inception | coordinate location | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Danby Castle | North Yorkshire | 1400 | 54°27′20″N 0°53′43″W / 54.4555°N 0.895197°W | ![]() |
Sheriff Hutton Castle | North Yorkshire Ryedale |
1382 | 54°05′17″N 1°00′19″W / 54.0881°N 1.00519°W | ![]() |
Northumberland
Article | Place | inception | coordinate location | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chillingham Castle | Northumberland | 1344 | 55°31′34″N 1°54′18″W / 55.526°N 1.905°W | ![]() |
Ford Castle | Northumberland | 1338 | 55°37′53″N 2°05′25″W / 55.6314°N 2.09025°W | ![]() |
South Oxfordshire
Article | Place | inception | coordinate location | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Greys Court | South Oxfordshire | 1348 | 51°32′42″N 0°57′22″W / 51.545°N 0.956164°W | ![]() |
Shirburn Castle | South Oxfordshire | 1338 | 51°39′27″N 0°59′38″W / 51.6576°N 0.9938°W | ![]() |
West Dorset
Article | Place | inception | coordinate location | image |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chideock Castle | West Dorset | 1375s | 50°44′03″N 2°49′06″W / 50.7343°N 2.81825°W | |
Woodsford Castle | West Dorset | 1336 | 50°42′45″N 2°20′38″W / 50.7126°N 2.34389°W | ![]() |
Misc
References
- ↑ Faulkner, P (1958). "Domestic planning from the 12th to the 14th centuries". Archaeological Journal. 115: 150–83.
- ↑ Faulkner, P (1963). "Castle planning in the fourteenth century". Archaeological Journal. 120: 215–35.
- ↑ Rickard, John (2002). The castle community: the personnel of English and Welsh castles : 1272 - 1422 (1. publ. ed.). Woodbridge: Boydell. p. 21. ISBN 9780851159133.