Deal or No Deal

Deal or No Deal
Created by Dick de Rijk[1]
Country of origin Netherlands
Production
Running time 30–120 minutes (with commercials, varies depending on versions)
Production company(s) Endemol
Release
Original network TROS
RTL 4
Original release 25 November 2000 (2000-11-25) – present
External links
Website
Production website

Deal or No Deal is the name of several closely related television game shows, the first of which (launching the format) was the Dutch Miljoenenjacht (Hunt for Millions) produced by Dutch producer Endemol. It is played with up to 26 cases (or, in some versions, boxes) containing certain sums of money. The player chooses a case or a box to knock an amount of money off the board.

Gameplay

The game revolves around the opening of a set of numbered briefcases, each of which contains a different prize (cash or otherwise). The contents (i.e., the values) of all of the cases are known at the start of the game, but the specific location of any prize is unknown. The contestant claims (or is assigned) a case to begin the game. The case's value is not revealed until the conclusion of the game.

The contestant then begins choosing cases that are to be removed from play. The amount inside each chosen case is immediately revealed; by process of elimination, the amount revealed cannot be inside the case the contestant initially claimed (or was assigned). Throughout the game, after a predetermined number of cases have been opened, the "Banker" offers the contestant an amount of money and/or prizes to quit the game; the offer is based roughly on the amounts remaining in play and the contestant's demeanor, so the bank tries to 'buy' the contestant's case for a lower price than what's inside the case. The player then answers the titular question, choosing:

This process of removing cases and receiving offers continues, until either the player accepts an offer to 'deal', or all offers have been rejected and the values of all unchosen cases are revealed. Should a player end the game by taking a deal, a pseudo-game is continued from that point to see how much the player could have won by remaining in the game. Depending on subsequent choices and offers, it is determined whether or not the contestant made a "good deal", i.e. won more than if the game were allowed to continue.

Since the range of possible values is known at the start of each game, how much the banker offers at any given point changes based on what values have been eliminated (i.e. the offer increases if lower values are eliminated and decreases if upper values are eliminated). To promote suspense and lengthen games, the banker's offer is usually less than the expected value dictated by probability theory, particularly early in the game.[2] Generally, the offers early in the game are very low relative to the values still in play, but near the end of the game approach (or even exceed) the average of the remaining values.

Only a few people have ever won the top prize on any version of the show (see table below). For a contestant to win the top prize the player would have to select the case containing the top prize and reject every offer the banker makes during the game. The chances of a player selecting the top prize are 4–5% depending on how many amounts are in the game.

Deal or No Deal around the world

Countries with their own version (as of April 2015)
     Currently airing franchise
     Currently not airing, but will return airing in the future
     Franchise no longer in production
Country Name Host Station Language Premiere
 Afghanistan گنجینه
Ganjina		 Rahim Mehrzad
Mukhtar Lashkari		 Tolo TV Persian May 30, 2010
 Albania Kutia Enkel Demi TV Klan Albanian 2004
 Algeria ادي ولا خلي
Éddi Ouela Kheli		 Sofiane Dani Echourouk TV Arabic June 17, 2015
October 31, 2015
Arab Maghreb الصندوق
Al Sandouk		 Moez Toumi Nessma TV November 24, 2012
Arab League Arab world الصفقة
Al Safqa 		Amir Karara MBC1 September 14, 2004
Deal or No Deal Michel Sanan LBC April 1, 2005
 Argentina Trato Hecho Julian Weich Telefé Spanish 2003–2006
 Armenia Դիլ կամ Նո Դիլ
Dil kam No Dil		 Armenia TV Armenian 2005
 Australia Deal or No Deal Andrew O'Keefe Seven Network English July 13, 2003
 Austria Deal or No Deal Rainhard Fendrich ORF1 German 2005
 Azerbaijan Davam Ya Tamam Space TV Azerbaijani 2010
 Belgium Miljoenenjacht Walter Grootaers Vtm Dutch 2004
Te Nemen Of Te Laten Felice VijfTV 2007
 Belize Tek It Or Leave It Angela Gegg Channel 5 English 2008
 Brazil Topa ou Não Topa Silvio Santos
Roberto Justus 		SBT Portuguese August 6, 2006
August 28, 2010
 Bulgaria Сделка или не
Sdelka ili ne 		Rumen Lukanov Nova Television Bulgarian September 19, 2005
 Cambodia ព្រម ឬមិនព្រម
Prom Rer Min Prom 		Ith Setha CTN Khmer 2009
 Canada Deal or No Deal Canada Howie Mandel Global English February 4, 2007
Le Banquier Julie Snyder TVA French January 24, 2007
 Chile Trato Hecho Don Francisco Canal 13 Spanish 2004
¡Allá Tú! Julián Elfenbein Chilevision 2007
 China 动感秀场
Dong Gan Xiu Chang		 Cheng Qian BTV-8 Mandarin 2007
爱唱才会赢
Ai Chang Cai Hui Ying		 Chen Huan, Tian Yue, Zuo Yan, Huang Ziwen ZJSTV 2008
 Colombia[3] ¡Hay Trato! Julio Correal
Carlos Calero		 Canal Caracol Spanish July 16, 2005
 Costa Rica Trato Hecho Gustavo Rojas Teletica April 10, 2012
 Croatia Uzmi ili ostavi Željko Pervan
Mirko Fodor
Mario Petreković 		HRT 2 Croatian 2006
 Czech Republic Ber nebo neber Pavel Zuna TV Prima Czech 2007
 Denmark Deal or No Deal Casper Christensen TV 2 Danish August 28, 2006
 Dominican Republic Trato Hecho con Nestle Frank Perozo
Mía Taveras		 Antena Latina Spanish 2008
 Ecuador Trato Hecho Roberto Angelelli Teleamazonas 2006
El Familión Nestlé Trato Hecho Daniel Sarcos Gama TV and
Red Telesistema		 2010
 Egypt لعبة الحياة
Lebet el Hayat		 Razan Maghrebi Al-Hayat TV Arabic August 24, 2009
ديل أور نو ديل: الإختيار
Deal or no deal: El Ikhtiyar		 Maya Diab Al-Nahar TV May 27, 2012
 El Salvador Trato Hecho Daniel Rucks TCS Spanish 2011
 Estonia Võta või jäta Alari Kivisaar TV3 Estonian 2007
March 8, 2013
 Finland Ota tai jätä Pauli Aalto-Setälä Nelonen Finnish 2007
 France À prendre ou à laisser Arthur TF1 French January 12, 2004
À prendre ou à laisser Julien Courbet D8 October 8, 2014
 Georgia ვა-ბანკი
Va-Bank		 Misha Mshvildadze (2008)
Duta Skhirtladze (2009) 		Rustavi 2 Georgian November 11, 2008
 Germany Die Chance deines Lebens Kai Pflaume Sat.1 German 2000
Der Millionen-Deal Linda de Mol 2004
Deal or No Deal – Die Show der Glücksspirale Guido Cantz 2005
Deal or No Deal Wayne Carpendale July 30, 2014

 Greece
 Cyprus

 Deal Christos Ferendinos ANT1 Greek
  • Series 2: 2006
  • Series 3: 2007
  • Series 4: 2008
  • Series 5: 2009
  • Series 6: 2010
Alpha TV
  • Series 7: October 3, 2016
Super Deal (weekends) ANT1
  • Series 1: 2006
 Honduras Trato Hecho Erick Chavarría Televicentro Spanish April 19, 2015
 Hong Kong 一擲千金
Deal or No Deal		 Michael Hui TVB Jade Cantonese October 29, 2006
Alfred Cheung April 22, 2007
 Hungary Áll az alku Gábor Gundel Takács
Áron Kovács 		TV2 Hungarian 2004
2009
 India Deal Ya No Deal R. Madhavan/
Mandira Bedi/
Rajeev Khandelwal 		SET Hindi, English November 23, 2005
Deala No Deala Rishi Sun TV Tamil 2009
Deal or No Deal Mukesh Surya TV Malayalam
Sai Kumar Gemini TV Telugu
Udaya TV Kannada
Ronit Roy &TV Hindi, English September 5, 2015
 Indonesia Deal Or No Deal Indonesia Tantowi Yahya RCTI Indonesian May 19, 2007
Deal or No Deal Deddy Corbuzier antv December 1, 2011
Deal Or No Deal Indonesia Cak Lontong Global TV October 20, 2014
 Iran تمام یا دوام
Tamam Ya Davam		 Sina Valiollah FARSI1 Persian January 16, 2012
 Ireland Deal or No Deal Keith Barry TV3 English November 13, 2009
 Israel הדיל הגדול
Hadil Hagadol		 Moran Atias Channel 10 Hebrew 2005
דיל או לא דיל
Dil o Lo Dil 		2006
 Italy Affari Tuoi Paolo Bonolis (2003-2005)
Pupo (2005-2006)
Antonella Clerici (2006)
Flavio Insinna (2006-2008; 2013-)
Max Giusti (2008-2013)		 Rai 1 Italian 2003–present
 Jamaica The Digicel Deal or No Deal Simon Crosskill TVJ English 2009
 Japan ザ・ディール
Za Dīru 		Shinsuke Shimada TBS Japanese September 8, 2006
 Lebanon Deal or No Deal Michel Sannan Murr Television Arabic October 20, 2009
 Lithuania Taip arba Ne Marijonas Mikutavičius TV3 Lithuania Lithuanian March 31, 2007
 Macedonia Земи или остави
Zemi ili ostavi		 Igor Dzambazov ALFA TV Macedonian November 3, 2007
Се или нешто
Se ili nešto 		Lila Stojanovska Sitel December 18, 2011 – present
 Malaysia Deal or No Deal Malaysia Aanont Wathanasin ntv7 English November 3, 2007
一擲千金
Yi zhi qian jin 		Goh Wee Ping
Owen Yap 		Mandarin March 12, 2007
 Malta Deal or No Deal Malta Paulo Micallef TVM Maltese October 1, 2007
 Mexico Vas o No Vas Héctor Sandarti Televisa Spanish 2005
Yo si voy Raul Araiza 2009
 Moldova Da sau Nu Dan Negru Prime Romanian 2010, 2014
 Myanmar Deal or No Deal Kaung Htet Zaw MRTV-4 Burmese January 5, 2015
 Netherlands Miljoenenjacht
(original version) and season 		Linda de Mol TROS, Tien, RTL4 Dutch November 25, 2000 – present
Deal or No Deal
(direct version) small program 		Beau van Erven Dorens Tien, RTL5 2006
 New Zealand Deal or No Deal Jeremy Corbett TV3 English June 7, 2007
 Nigeria Deal or No Deal Nigeria John Fashanu M-Net Africa July 7, 2007
 Norway Deal or No Deal Sturla Berg-Johansen TV2 Norwegian 2006
 Panama El Familion Nestle Nelson Bustamante Telemetro Spanish unknown
Deal or No Deal 2010
 Peru Trato Hecho Adolfo Aguilar ATV Spanish 2005
Vas o No Vas Jesús Alzamora Panamericana Spanish September 12, 2016
 Philippines Kapamilya, Deal or No Deal Kris Aquino ABS-CBN Filipino (English) June 5, 2006
Luis Manzano February 25, 2012
February 9, 2015
 Poland Grasz czy nie grasz Zygmunt Chajzer Polsat Polish October 1, 2005
 Portugal Pegar ou Largar Rui Unas SIC Portuguese January 28, 2006
 Romania Da sau nu Virgil Ianţu/ Mihai Dobrovolschi Prima TV Romanian 2005
Accepţi sau nu Gabriel Coveşanu Kanal D 2008
 Russia Пан или пропал
Pan ili Propal 		Nikolay Fomenko Channel One Russian September 20, 2004
Сделка
Sdelka 		Alexei Veselkin REN TV April 17, 2006
 Serbia Uzmi ili ostavi Milorad Mandić Manda B92 Serbian May 7, 2007
 Singapore Deal or No Deal Adrian Pang MediaCorp TV Channel 5 English May 13, 2007
 Slovakia Ruku na to Peter Šarkan Novák STV Slovak 2005
 Slovenia Vzemi ali pusti Bojan Emeršič POP TV Slovene 2007-2010
2011-2012
 South Africa Deal or No Deal Ed Jordan M-Net English February 4, 2007
Doen met 'n Miljoen! Casper de Vries kykNET Afrikaans October 19, 2007
 South Korea Yes or No Shin Dong-Yeob tvN Korean 2006-July 2007
 Spain ¡Allá tú! Jesús Vázquez
Silvia Jato
Arturo Valls		 Telecinco Spanish 2004 - 2008
Jesús Vázquez Cuatro 2011
 Sri Lanka Gando Nogando Mahendra Perera SirasaTV Sinhalese
 Sweden Deal or No Deal Martin Timell TV4 Swedish March 25, 2006
MiljonJakten [4] Renée Nyberg TV3 March 4, 2012
Deal or no Deal med Miljonjakten TV4 November 18, 2014
  Switzerland Deal or No Deal – Das Risiko Roman Kilchsperger SF 1 German 2004
 Taiwan 齊天大勝
Who's the Winner
Topic: The Deal 孤注一擲 		Jacky Wu TTV Mandarin March 17, 2007
平民大富翁
Yes or No		 Dennis Nieh
Jacky Wu 		CTS September 12, 2009
 Thailand เอาหรือไม่เอา Dom Hetrakul ThaiTV 3 Thai 2005
 Tunisia دليلك ملك
Dlilek Mlek		 Sami El Fihri Tunisie 7 Tunisian Arabic 2005
El Hiwar Ettounsi June 29, 2014
 Turkey Trilyon Avı Zafer Ergin aTV Turkish 2003
Büyük Teklif Halit Ergenç Kanal D 2006
Var mısın? Yok musun? Acun Ilıcalı Show TV September 10, 2007
Asuman Krause Fox November 8, 2011
Ahmet Çakar Show TV September 11, 2013
 Ukraine Граєш чи не граєш?
Hrayesh chy ne hrayesh?		 Dmitriy Shepelev TRK Ukrayina Ukrainian March 7, 2010
 United Kingdom Deal or No Deal Noel Edmonds Channel 4 English 31 October 2005 – present
 United States Deal or No Deal Howie Mandel NBC December 19, 2005
Syndication September 8, 2008
Vas o No Vas Héctor Sandarti Telemundo Spanish October 8, 2006
 Vietnam Đi tìm ẩn số Thanh Bạch HTV7 Vietnamese June 19, 2005 – present
Ần số vàng Chí Trung H1 September 10, 2006 - 2008

The first German version "Die Chance deines Lebens" hosted by Kai Pflaume did not have the case game as the final round (they played a trivia game instead), however this was the show the original "Deal or No Deal" version (the Dutch "Miljoenenjacht" hosted by Linda de Mol) was actually based on. Miljoenenjacht started in November 2000 and introduced the case game in December 2002 after a 15-month hiatus of the show.

Véronique Landry is the only model to appear on more than one version of the show, on both the French and English Canadian versions. Howie Mandel, Héctor Sandarti, and Linda de Mol each have hosted multiple versions of the show: Mandel, with the American English and Canadian English versions, Sandarti with both the American Spanish and Mexican Spanish versions, and de Mol with both the Netherlands Dutch and German (in 2004) versions of the show. In the UK version Deal Or No Deal helped relaunch Noel Edmonds's career.

Top prize winners

All amounts below the prizes are their equivalents in United States dollars at the time of their win.

Country Name(s) Date Amount won Previous offer Other amount Notes
Afghanistan گنجینه/Ganjina Mohammad Easa Sediqi Prior to October 25, 2010 Af. 1,000,000
($23,240) 		Box Swap
(declined) 		Af. 2,500
($58.10) 		[5][6]
First top prize winner in Afghan history
(unknown) Prior to November 28, 2012 Af. 1,000,000
($19,569) 		Af. 342,000
($6,693) 		Af. 10,000
($196) 		[7]
The banker first offered Af. 311,000, then Af. 342,000, then a chance to swap the briefcases. All were declined. Rebroadcast June 5, 2013.
(unknown) Prior to June 6, 2013 Af. 1,000,000
($18,484) 		Af. 355,500
($6,571) 		Af. 30,000
($555) 		The banker first offered Af. 263,300, then Af. 355,500. Both were declined. Rebroadcast June 6, 2013.
Algeria ادي ولا خلي Mohamed Meziane July 7, 2015 10,000,000 DA
($100,450) 		3,200,000 DA
($32,144) 		200 DA
($2.01)
Khemisti Mohammed bin Sayeh March 15, 2016 5,000,000 DA
($45,117) 		177,000 DA
($1,597) 		10,000 DA
($90.23) 		[8]
Also won a 1,000,000 DA bonus.
Australia Deal or No Deal Dean Cartechini June 17, 2004 A$200,000
($137,384) 		A$102,500
($70,409) 		A$5
($3.43) 		First top prize winner. Did not see the last briefcase to be opened (#7) which has $5.
Anh Do (celebrity) September 19, 2007 A$200,000
($167,238) 		A$125,000
($104,524) 		A$75,000
($62,714) 		Second top prize winner. Money went to home viewer.
Leanne Benbow June 2, 2010 A$200,000
($166,630) 		A$115,000
($95,812) 		A$100,000
($83,315) 		The first woman to win the top prize. Had the perfect ending to the game with the final two cases are high-green amounts.
Chris Doyle August 23, 2011 A$200,000
($208,014) 		A$130,000
($135,209) 		A$100,000
($104,007) 		Last winner of the top prize before the series ends in 2013.
Belize Tek It Or Leave It Valerie Stevens March 3, 2009 BZ$15,000
($7,615) 		(Unknown) (Unknown) [9]
Brazil Topa ou Não Topa Paulo April 2007 R$1,000,000
($490,000) 		R$444,000
($218,000) 		R$100
($49)
Bulgaria Сделка или не Sdelka ili ne Veneta Raykova (Венета Райкова)
(celebrity) 		February 2006 75,000 BGN
($46,000) 		(unknown) (unknown)
(unknown) December 8, 2006 100,000 BGN
($67,986) 		(unknown) 5,000 BGN
($3,399) 		[10]
Niki Kitaetsa (Ники Китаеца)
(celebrity) 		September 18, 2007 100,000 BGN
($70,871) 		40,000 BGN
($28,348) 		1,000 BGN
($709) 		[11]
Sevil Saliev
(Севил Салиев) 		December 22, 2008 100,000 BGN
($71,179) 		(unknown) (unknown) [12]
Mariela Pepeldzhiyska
(Мариела Пепелджийска) 		January 23, 2012 100,000 BGN
($65,862) 		Box Swap
(accepted) 		2,500 BGN
($1,647) 		[13]
Plevenchaninat Iskren
(Плевенчанинът Искрен) 		January 24, 2013 100,000 BGN
($67,988) 		25,000 BGN
($16,997) 		0.20 BGN
($0.14) 		[14]
Cambodia ព្រម ឬមិនព្រម Prom Rer Min Prom (Unknown) February 2009 10,000,000 KHR
($2,410) 		(unknown) (unknown) [15]
(Unknown) February 2009 10,000,000 KHR (unknown) 750,000 KHR
($181)
Chile ¡Allá Tú! Mauricio Hermosilla May 4, 2007 CL$10,000,000
($19,050) 		CL$6,500,000
($12,383) 		CL$5,000,000
($9,525)
Farándula August 29, 2007 CL$10,000,000
($19,010) 		Box Swap CL$50,000
($95.05)
Egypt لعبة الحياة
Lebet el Hayat 		Amal Mohammad Prior to November 16, 2009 EGP250,000
($45,825) 		(unknown) EGP0.50
($0.09)
Sameh Prior to April 15, 2010 EGP250,000
($45,323) 		(unknown) EGP0.50
($0.09)
Marwa Ali Prior to September 3, 2010 EGP500,000
($87,660) 		Box Swap EGP250
($43.83) 		[16]
Egypt ديل أور نو ديل: الإختيار
Deal or no deal: El Ikhtiyar 		Sibai Wahba September 12, 2012 EGP250,000
($41,037) 		Box Swap
(accepted) 		EGP10,000
($1,641) 		[17]
France À prendre ou à laisser Mylène March 4, 2004 €500,000
($609,850) 		(unknown) (unknown) [18]
Sabrina November 29, 2005 €500,000
($590,030) 		€350,000
($413,021) 		€75,000
($88,505) 		The banker also offered €200,000 and €300,000;
it is rare for a contestant to have more than one offer after a single round
Marie-Ange Franceschi January 23, 2009 €500,000
($650,280)		 €210,000
($273,118) 		€100,000
($130,056) 		[19]
Sébastien November 25, 2014 €100,000
($124,240)		 €31,000
($38,514) 		€10
($12.42) 		[20]
Georgia (country) ვა-ბანკი Va-Bank Rezo and Archil Arveladze (celebrities) February 3, 2009 50,000 lari
($30,018) 		25,000 lari
($15,009) 		50 lari
($30.02)
Greece Deal Gogo Kastranta November 10, 2006 €200,000
($256,702) 		€80,000
($102,681) 		€1,000
($1,284) 		[21]
Received €100,000, another half was received by a text winner
Hungary Áll az alku Sanyi 2006 50,000,000 Ft
($238,000) 		13,000,000 Ft
($61,900) 		6,000,000 Ft
($28,600) 		[22]
Árpinak April 26, 2010 21,000,000 Ft
($106,680) 		15,000,000 Ft
($76,200) 		13,000,000 Ft
($66,040) 		[23]
India Deal or No Deal Ayushmann Khurrana (celebrity) November 15, 2015 ₹9,000,000
($136,445) 		₹7,000,000
($106,124) 		₹5,000,000
($75,803) 		His briefcase contained the top prize ₹10,000,000 but his winnings were reduced by 10% due to answering the final question wrong.
Italy Affari Tuoi Roberto Pepi February 4, 2004 €500,000
($627,805) 		€250,000 €15,000 [24]
Francesca Madeddu December 16, 2004 €500,000
($671,175) 		€300,000
($402,705) 		€25,000
($33,559) 		[25][26]
Clarissa Meneghini December 19, 2007 €500,000
($719,525) 		€170,000
($244,639) 		€30,000
($43,172) 		[27]
Danilo Anderlini September 17, 2008 €500,000
($714,575) 		€170,000
($242,956) 		€30,000
($42,875) 		[27][28]
Francesca Cataldo October 22, 2008 €500,000
($666,895) 		€185,000
($230,408) 		€30,000
($40,014) 		[29]
Roberto Caterina November 23, 2008 €500,000
($629,450) 		€375,000
($472,088) 		€250,000
($314,725) 		[30]
Mara Ancelotti January 1, 2009 €500,000
($707,045) 		€375,000
($530,284) 		€250,000
($353,523) 		[31]
Stefania Menegazzo February 23, 2010 €500,000
($680,020) 		€104,000
($141,444) 		Maghetto [32]
Gabriele Calvello March 17, 2012 €1,000,000
($1,317,440) 		€313,000
($412,359) 		€0.20
($0.26) 		[33]
The top prize was originally €500,000 as usual, but was doubled during the game when the player opened Pacco Matto (crazy box) and found Raddoppia (double).
Mauro Ghiraldini November 21, 2012 €500,000
($640,625) 		€150,000
($192,188) 		€30,000
($38,438) 		[34]
Patrizia Montalbano January 25, 2013 €500,000
($668,467) 		€350,000
($467,927) 		€250,000
($334,234) 		[35]
Pierangela Zaccaria May 29, 2014 €500,000
($682,054) 		€172,000
($234,626) 		€100
($136) 		[36]
Also won a €1,000 Provaci bonus.
Alberto Bindi May 17, 2016[note 1] €500,000
($564,512) 		€375,000
($423,384) 		€250,000
($282,256) 		[37]
Malta Deal or No Deal Malta Maria (Doris) Abela October 17, 2008 €25,000
($33,601) 		€19,500
($26,209) 		€15,000
($20,160)
Mexico Vas o No Vas Elena June 11, 2005 Mex$5,000,000
($460,050) (Saturday) 		(unknown) (unknown)
Luis December 6, 2005 Mex$1,000,000
($95,360) (weekday) 		(unknown) (unknown)
Laura March 2, 2006 Mex$1,000,000
($95,580) (weekday) 		Mex$700,000
($66,906) 		Mex$400,000
($38,232)
Paty June 3, 2006 Mex$1,000,000
($88,130) (weekday)		 Mex$550,000
($48,472) 		Mex$100,000
($8,813)
Malaysia (English) Deal or No Deal Malaysia Timothy Shim March 2, 2008 RM100,000
($31,307) 		RM 50,800
($15,904) 		RM 250
($78.27)
Myanmar Deal or No Deal Min Thu Rein (မင်းသူရိန်) March 16, 2015 2,000,000 Ks
($1,930) 		790,000 Ks
($762) 		200,000 Ks
($193) 		Rebroadcast March 31, 2015.
Netherlands Miljoenenjacht
Deal or No Deal 		Arno Woesthoff[note 2] September 2, 2001 Fl10,000,000
($4,142,220) 		(none) (none) Woesthoff was the biggest winner in worldwide game show history until Brad Rutter overtook this record on May 16, 2014 by claiming $4,370,102 in winnings over thirteen years.
Eelco Schumacher April 2, 2009 €250,000
($331,468) 		€170,000
($225,398) 		€125,000
($165,734)
Philippines Kapamilya, Deal or No Deal Terry Lim Cua December 29, 2006 P2,000,000
($40,740) 		P1,400,000
($28,518) 		P1,000,000
($20,370)
Aiko Melendez and Candy Pangilinan (celebrities) November 25, 2008 P1,000,000
($20,220) 		P345,001
($6,976) 		P10
($0.20) 		Christmas Edition (5 P1,000,000 cases)
Jhaphet Flordeliza December 1, 2008 P1,000,000
($20,400) 		P150,000
($3,060) 		P50
($1.02)
Arnel Pineda (celebrity) December 11, 2008 P1,000,000
($20,570) 		P249,999
($5,142) 		P200
($4.11)
Bearwin Meily (celebrity) March 23, 2015 P1,000,000
($22,312) 		P614,000
($13,700) 		P100,000
($2,231)
Ara Mina (celebrity) April 17, 2015 P1,000,000
($22,626) 		P355,000
($8,032) 		P100
($2.26)
Joyce E. Bernal and Bela Padilla (celebrities) August 14, 2015 P1,000,000
($21,656) 		P699,000
($15,138) 		P400,000
($8,662)
Kaye Abad and Nikki Valdez (celebrities) September 7, 2015 P1,000,000
($21,281) 		P510,000
($10,853) 		P50,000
($1,064)
Janine Tugonon (celebrity) January 8, 2016 P1,000,000
($21,164) 		P650,000
($13,757) 		P300,000
($6,349)
Serbia Uzmi ili ostavi Vidoje October 19, 2007 RSD1,500,000
($24,475) 		RSD615,000
($10,035) 		RSD500,000
($8,158)
South Korea Yes or No Lee Chang-geun (이창근) June 23, 2007 ₩100,000,000
($107,750) 		₩45,000,000
($48,488) 		₩30,000,000
($32,325) 		[38]
Spain ¡Allá tú! Gilbert June 19, 2007 €600,000
($804,018) 		€240,000
($321,607) 		€1,500
($2,010) 		Received €300,000, another half was received by a text winner
María del Carmen Bonilla July 25, 2011 €300,000
($431,622) 		€29,999
($43,161) 		€20
($28.77) 		[39]
Taiwan 齊天大勝
Who's the Winner
Topic: The Deal 孤注一擲 		JUNIOR (celebrity) April 14, 2007 NT$1,500,000
($45,250) 		NT$330,000
($9,955) 		NT$1, NT$100, NT$10,000, NT$20,000 and NT$50,000
($0.03, $3.02, $302, $603 and $1,508) 		The host Jacky Wu, who also acted as the banker, decided to give the final offer with 6 out of 16 cases remaining.
Tunisia دليلك ملك Mohamed Mabrouk March 22, 2006 TND300,000
($221,706) 		(unknown) (unknown) [40][41][42]
Each winner shared the prize with an SMS participant
Mohamed Bashir Menchari November 13, 2006 TND500,000
($379,765) 		(unknown) (unknown)
Marbrouk September 13, 2007 TND1,000,000
($792,390) 		(unknown) TND500,000
($396,195)
Turkey Var mısın? Yok musun? Ülkühan Yılmaz October 24, 2009 500,000TL
($339,790) 		128,000TL
($86,986) 		20,000TL
($13,591)
United Kingdom Deal or No Deal Laura Pearce January 7, 2007 £250,000
($482,625) 		£45,000
($86,873) 		£3,000
($5,792)
Alice Munday March 12, 2009 £250,000
($344,678) 		Banker's Gamble 1p
($0.014) 		Alice initially dealt at £17,500 but was dealt the Banker's Gamble when the 1p and £250,000 were remaining. She accepted the gamble going back into live play, she was then offered the swap, she declined and won £250,000.
Suzanne Mulholland May 13, 2011 £250,000
($407,055) 		£165,000
($268,656) 		£100,000
($162,822) 		Suzanne also won an additional prize of a 2-week holiday in Florida as part of "Banker's Birthday" special. Swapped box after final offer.
Tegen Roberts September 22, 2011 £250,000
($387,735) 		£77,000
($119,422) 		£20,000
($31,019) 		Tegen had the strongest board ever after round 3 to the end of the show, a staggering £560,250.60 was still in play after 10 boxes had been opened. She also had the distinction of having the 7th Biggest No Deal of £77,000.
Nong Nig Ham Nam August 5, 2012 £250,000
($390,932) 		£68,000
($106,334) 		£5
($7.82)
Patrick "Paddy" Roberts August 12, 2013 £250,000
($386,700) 		£140,000
($216,622) 		£75,000
($116,010) 		First UK male top prize winner
Roop Singh February 12, 2014 £250,000
($414,528) 		£46,000
($76,273) 		£500
($829) 		Singh declined to buy Box 23 which contained the Double.
Ann Crawford October 15, 2015 £250,000
($387,438) 		£64,000
($99,184) 		50p
($0.77)
United States Deal or No Deal (primetime version) Jessica Robinson September 1, 2008 $1,000,000 $561,000 $200,000 Million Dollar Mission game (5 $1,000,000 cases)
Tomorrow Rodriguez October 29, 2008 $1,000,000 $677,000 $300 and 3x $1,000,000 Million Dollar Mission game (9 $1,000,000 cases)
Vietnam Đi tìm ẩn số Lê Bình (celebrity) October 9, 2011 100,000,000Đ
($4,808) 		75,411,000Đ
($3,626) 		50,000,000Đ
($2,404) 		[43]
Minh Trang July 15, 2012 100,000,000Đ
($4,801) 		40,010,000Đ
($1,921) 		25,000Đ
($1.20) 		[44]
Nguyễn Thị Đào February 28, 2016 100,000,000Đ
($4,459) 		26,100,000Đ
($1,164) 		20,000,000Đ
($892) 		[45]
  1. ↑ Most recent top prize winner in the Deal or No Deal franchise to date
  2. ↑ Arno Woesthoff was on Miljoenenjacht when the bonus round consisted of seven questions that could add up to 10,000,000 guilders (based on the German game show "Die Chance deines Lebens") instead of the case game, which is why there were no other amounts.

At the other end of the spectrum, in the UK edition broadcast on 7 December 2009, a contestant named Corinne opened her box to reveal (and thus win) 1p, having turned down first an offer of £88,000 and then an offer to swap boxes, which would have given her the top £250,000 prize. A similar event occurred on the U.S. version on August 25, 2008, where contestant Koshka Blackburn won $5,000 which was in her case after turning down the banker's offer of $530,000 and then the option to switch cases, which would've made her the first $1,000,000 winner. Also in the U.S. on September 22, 2006, Michelle Falco kept in $750,000 and $1,000,000 in play all the way to the end, she turned down the biggest offer of $880,000 and refused to switch her case, in her case was $750,000. She also would have been the first $1,000,000 winner had she switched cases. And again, in the U.S. on October 22, 2008, contestant Richie Bell won $1 which was in his case after rejecting the final offer of $416,000 and the option to switch cases, which would've made him the second $1,000,000 winner. Richie also won an additional $10,000 after completing the "Banker's Challenge" minigame, thus making his total winnings $10,001. Had he had switched, he would have won $1,010,000. Many other contestants around the world would have won the top prize if they had swapped their box/case.

Basis and antecedents

The game show has attracted attention from mathematicians, statisticians, and economists as a natural decision-making experiment. In 2008 a team of economists analyzed the decisions of people appearing in Dutch, German and U.S. episodes and found, among other things, that contestants are less risk-averse or even risk-seeking when they saw their expected winnings drop.[46] They went so far as to say that the show, “almost appears to be an economics experiment rather than a TV show.”[47] They found that contestants behave similarly in different versions of the show, despite large differences in the amounts at stake; amounts appear to be evaluated in relative terms, for example in proportion to the initial average, and not in terms of their absolute monetary value.[48] The research received a great deal of media attention, appearing on the front page of The Wall Street Journal[49] and being featured on National Public Radio.[50] This work was built upon by de Roos and Sarafidis, who analysed the Australian version of the show and determined that the risk-taking behaviour of a number of contestants would be inconsistent within each game (i.e. their aversion to risk would change), depending on the state of play and relative risk aversion of their confidant on the show.[51]

Australian Deal or No Deal contestants are selected "on the basis of being 'outgoing', but there is no screening of contestants on the basis of their risk preferences".[51] It is thought that other versions may screen contestants for being amicable to risk-taking behaviour.

Despite its air of originality and huge international success—there are more than 60 versions worldwide—there have been, in fact, numerous antecedents to the current run of shows. The first was the It's in the Bag, a New Zealand radio game show invented by Selwyn Toogood which began in the 1950s and which ran for decades after it was later adapted for television (1970s–90s). The show popularized the catch-phrases, "By hokey," and "What will it be, customers--the money or the bag?" in New Zealand. Similarly, in the 1950s, the UK TV show Take Your Pick offered contestants the choice of taking a money offer or risking opening a box. Later, in the 1980s, The Bong Game, a radio call-in show created by UK’s Capital FM, tested contestants by offering them increasing returns in tandem with increasing risk.

Another long-running game show, Let's Make a Deal, involved contestants deciding whether or not to take offers based on what may or may not be behind a curtain/door or inside a box. Let's Make a Deal ran in the U.S. for nearly three decades from 1963 to 1991, during which time Monty Hall was the program's "Big Dealer," and has recently been revived with Wayne Brady as the Big Dealer. Also in the U.S., in the 1970s and 1980s, was a game show called Treasure Hunt, hosted by Geoff Edwards and produced by Chuck Barris's company, which featured a similar concept to Deal or No Deal. The show featured contestants selecting a treasure chest or box with surprises inside in the hope of winning large prizes or a cash jackpot. Both game shows, however, also featured worthless or nearly-worthless joke prizes, which Let's Make a Deal called "zonks" and which Treasure Hunt called "klunks." Deal or No Deal does not feature such joke prizes. Finally, from 1997 to 2003, Win Ben Stein's Money pitted contestants against an in-house adversary.

Algorithm used by "The Bank"

There are several theories concerning the algorithm that "The Bank" uses to determine the appropriate bank offer. Naturally, this is a secret held by the various publishers around the world, however a number of people have approximated the algorithm with various levels of accuracy. It is a common understanding that the Bank does not know the contents of the briefcase, and therefore the Monty Hall Problem does not apply to the probability calculations.

User 'George Jones' suggested on the NSLog(); blog that a simple approximation could be banker's offer = average value * turn number / 10.[52]

Statistical studies of the US version of the show were undertaken by Daniel Shifflet in 2011, and showed a linear regression of bank offers against expected value.[53] In summary, Shifflet found that the bank would offer a percentage of the expected value (EV) of the remaining cases, and this percentage increased linearly from approximately 37% of EV at the first offer to approximately 84% of EV at the seventh offer. This version of the program also allowed players to 'hypothetically' play out the remainder of the game from the point where they accepted the bank's offer, and Shiffler noted that the hypothetical bank offers were significantly higher than real bank offers at equivalent points in the game.

Video games

Online Gambling

The Deal or No Deal television game show, based on the original Dutch Miljoenenjacht (Hunt for Millions), was introduced to the world by Endemol. The popular format, which requires the contestant to choose from 26 boxes or cases to reveal cash values, grew in popularity and eventually made its way into the online gambling industry as a result of the 2009 partnership between Playtech’s Virtue Fusion and Endemol Games.

Online Bingo licensees of Virtue Fusion, previously acquired by Playtech, introduced DOND themed 75-ball and 90-ball rooms in addition to a slot game based on the game show, scratch cards and the launch of a new bingo brand named after the game show, Deal or No Deal Bingo.

Online gamblers experience the show’s concept when securing a Full House win in the themed bingo rooms. The winner or winners enter a round of negotiations with the banker where they must make the ultimate decision, Deal or No Deal. The sense of community, often embraced by bingo players, is called upon as they assist the winner in determining the best option by commenting in the room’s chat section. The Community Jackpot is divided among the Full House winner (50%) and all game participants (50%).

In February 2016, Playtech announced the renewal of its licensing agreement with Endemol UK, which will see the availability of DOND licensed online products continue for an additional three years. Under this contract, Playtech is granted exclusive rights to deliver these themed games to the UK market.[58]

The range of DOND games are available at Virtue Fusion powered bingo brands such as bet365, Gala Bingo, Ladbrokes, Mecca Bingo and William Hill.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Dick de Rijk at the Internet Movie Database
  2. ↑ Formula for offers in the NBC online version of Deal or No Deal from the personal website of a former physics and finance student
  3. ↑ (Spanish) Gana millones con 'Hay trato' (Earn millions on Have a Deal!), July 13, 2005
  4. ↑ http://www.tv3.se/miljonjakten/om-programmet/ren%C3%A8e-nyberg-och-martin-lidberg-leder-miljonjakten
  5. ↑ Video on YouTube
  6. ↑ (German)"Deal or No Deal": Glücksspiel auf afghanisch ("Deal or No Deal": Gambling in Afghanistan), October 25, 2010
  7. ↑ Photo from the official Facebook page of Tolo TV, November 28, 2012
  8. ↑ (Arabic)خميستي من ورقلة.. أول الفائزين بالجائزة الكبرى لبرنامج "أدي ولا خلي" في موسمه الثاني, March 15, 2016
  9. ↑ Belize’s First Game Show – “Tek It or Leave It”, March 3, 2009
  10. ↑ (Bulgarian)Video on VBOX7
  11. ↑ (Bulgarian)Ники Китаеца спечели 100 000 лева (Niki Kitaetsa has won 100,000 leva), September 19, 2007
  12. ↑ (Bulgarian)18-годишен спечели 100 000 лв. в „Сделка или не” (18-year-old won 100,000 leva on Deal or No Deal)
  13. ↑ (Bulgarian)24-годишната Мариела Пепелджийска грабна голямата награда в "Сделка или не" (24-year-old Maria Pepeldzhiyska won the grand prize on Deal or No Deal), January 23, 2012
  14. ↑ (Bulgarian)27-годишният Искрен печели 100 000 от "Сделка или не" (27-year-old Iskren won 100,000 on Deal or No Deal), January 25, 2013
  15. ↑ Heng Piseth: Deal or No Deal becomes a famous TV show in Cambodia, March 19, 2009
  16. ↑ Video on YouTube
  17. ↑ Video on YouTube
  18. ↑ (French) « A prendre ou à laisser » : 500 000 gagnés, March 5, 2004
  19. ↑ (French) À prendre ou à laisser : les 15/24 ans adorent les boites de TF1, January 26, 2009
  20. ↑ (French) À prendre ou à laisser : un candidat repart avec 100.000 euros, November 25, 2014
  21. ↑ (Greek) Η ΧΡΥΣΗ ΝΙΚΗΤΡΙΑ ΤΟΥ DEAL, ΓΩΓΩ ΚΑΣΤΡΑΝΤΑ, ΤΙΝΑΞΕ ΤΗΝ ΜΠΑΝΚΑ ΤΟΥ DEAL, ΚΕΡΔΙΖΟΝΤΑΣ 200.000€, November 10, 2006
  22. ↑ Video on YouTube
  23. ↑ Video on YouTube
  24. ↑ (Italian) Striscia la Notizia - I tarocchi di Affari tuoi
  25. ↑ (Italian) Ho stravinto da Bonolis grazie a mia figlia, December 18, 2004
  26. ↑ (Italian) una cagliaritana i 500mila euro di “Affari tuoi”, December 17, 2004
  27. 1 2 (Italian) Affari Tuoi, stasera vincita record di 500 mila euro, September 18, 2008
  28. ↑ (Italian) Affari Tuoi: Danilo Anderlini torna a Spoleto con 500mila euro, September 17, 2008
  29. ↑ (Italian) Una luinese ad "Affari tuoi" si porta a casa il pacco più pesante, October 23, 2008
  30. ↑ (Italian) Il Molise torna a sbancare "Affari tuoi" A Montagano 500 mila euro, November 23, 2008
  31. ↑ (Italian) Inizio anno con il botto per Affari Tuoi: concorrente vince 500mila euro, January 2, 2009
  32. ↑ (Italian) Giovane mamma di Campoformido vince 500 mila euro ad “Affari tuoi”, February 23, 2010
  33. ↑ (Italian) Rai1: vincita da sogno ad “Affari Tuoi”, 1 mln di euro in Puglia, March 18, 2012
  34. ↑ (Italian) Affari Tuoi: vinti 500mila euro da Mauro Ghiraldini, geometra 37enne, November 22, 2012
  35. ↑ (Italian) «Affari Tuoi», ingegnere vince 500 mila euro, January 25, 2013
  36. ↑ (Italian) Affari tuoi, Pierangela Zaccaria vince 500mila euro, May 29, 2014
  37. ↑ (Italian) Musicista livornese vince mezzo milione di euro ai "pacchi" in tv, May 17, 2016
  38. ↑ (Korean) 머니게임쇼서 ‘1억원 사나이'된 연출가, June 20, 2007
  39. ↑ (Spanish) ¡Mari se lleva 300.000 euros!, July 25, 2011
  40. ↑ (French) Dlilek Mlak : Le gagnant des 300 MD, March 23, 2006
  41. ↑ (French) Dlilek Mlak : Un gagnant des 500 000 dinars, November 13, 2006
  42. ↑ (French) Dlilek Mlak: Un gagnant de 1 million de dinars !, September 13, 2007
  43. ↑ (Vietnamese)Tám “sao” xông đất “Đi tìm ẩn số”, October 9, 2011
  44. ↑ Video on YouTube
  45. ↑ Video on YouTube
  46. ↑ Post, Van den Assem & Baltussen, Thaler (March 2008). "Deal or No Deal? Decision Making Under Risk in a Large-payoff Game Show". American Economic Review. 98 (1). SSRN 636508Freely accessible.
  47. ↑ Quoted in William Poundstone, Priceless, Hill and Wang, 2010, p. 130
  48. ↑ Baltussen, Post; Van den Assem (December 2007). "Risky Choice and the Relative Size of Stakes". SSRN 989242Freely accessible.
  49. ↑ The Wall Street Journal, January 12, 2006.
  50. ↑ Economists Learn from Game Show 'Deal or No Deal' from the NPR website. March 3, 2006
  51. 1 2 de Roos, Nicolas; Sarafidis, Yianis (Sep–Oct 2010). "Decision making under risk in Deal or No Deal". Journal of Applied Econometrics. 25 (6): 987–1027. doi:10.1002/jae.1110.
  52. ↑ Comment by Jones, George (March 7, 2006) at: Barzeski, Eric (December 20, 2005). "Deal or No Deal Algorithm". NSLog( );. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  53. ↑ Shifflet, Daniel R. (Spring 2011). "Is Deal or No Deal Cheating Its Contestants?". Ohio Journal of School Mathematics (63): 5–10.
  54. ↑ ICE games Archived January 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  55. ↑ "Top 50 Mobile Game Downloads in the UK". 2007-1-27. Mobicritic.com. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
  56. ↑ "Non-Stop International Success for Gameloft's 'Deal or No Deal'. 2008-4-07. FindLaw.com. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
  57. ↑ Playing Deal or No Deal Online. Deal or No Deal Online. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  58. ↑ "Three More Years of Deal or No Deal Bingo". latestbingobonuses.com. 21 February 2016.

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