Elwick, County Durham
| Elwick | |
  Elwick |
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| Population | 1,001 (2011)[1] |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | NZ4619932279 |
| Civil parish | Elwick |
| Unitary authority | Hartlepool |
| Ceremonial county | County Durham |
| Region | North East |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | HARTLEPOOL |
| Postcode district | TS27 |
| Dialling code | 01429 |
| Police | Cleveland |
| Fire | Cleveland |
| Ambulance | North East |
| EU Parliament | North East England |
|
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Coordinates: 54°41′03″N 1°17′43″W / 54.6843°N 1.2953°W
Elwick is a village and civil parish in the borough of Hartlepool and the ceremonial county of County Durham, in England. It is situated near the A19 road to the west of Hartlepool. Hartlepool Borough Council governs Elwick.[2] As Elwick is only a small parish it is not able to run itself as its own district. Elwick was known as a township until 1866, but then was changed to a civil parish status.[3] The Elwick Parish council meets to discuss problems to put forward to Hartlepool Borough Council about its electoral ward.
Elwick has agricultural roots, and family farms remain today like North Farm. The locals mostly work in the local town of Hartlepool.
History
Mortality decline in the late 19th century was mainly due to the reduction of a very high infant mortality rates. But during the 20th and 21st centuries a decline in fertility rates and an improved life expectancy has changed the age structure of the population.[4] Elwick has been described by John Marius Wilson in historic writings as, "Elwick, a township in Hart parish, Durham; 4 miles W by S of Hartlepool. It has a post office under Ferryhill. Acres, 1, 500. Real property, £1, 418. Pop., 240. Houses, 55. The township is a meet for the Durham hounds." – from the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales in 1870–72.[5]
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1801 | 129 | — |
| 1811 | 129 | +0.0% |
| 1821 | 176 | +36.4% |
| 1831 | 169 | −4.0% |
| 1841 | 165 | −2.4% |
| 1851 | 187 | +13.3% |
| 1881 | 166 | −11.2% |
| 1891 | 178 | +7.2% |
| 1901 | 258 | +44.9% |
| 1911 | 185 | −28.3% |
| 1921 | 197 | +6.5% |
| 1931 | 204 | +3.6% |
| 1951 | 208 | +2.0% |
| 1961 | 203 | −2.4% |
Governance
Elwick is also an electoral ward of Hartlepool. The population as taken at the 2015 census was 2061.[7]
Church
Saint Peters church is Church of England and the only church in Elwick. It has been described by the Archbishops' Council as "a small, friendly, family-orientated church." .[8] It is a grade two listed building, listed in 1967. Protected by the English Heritage its ID number is: 59861. The church was built in the late 12th century, but has been restored many times. St Peters has aisled nave, chancel with north vestry and a south-west tower over looking the porch.[9] The church has beautiful stained glass windows. The church commissioned a window depicting marriage, which was installed in February 2010 and designed by Alan Davis.[10]
Facilities
Elwick has two public houses – The Spotted Cow and the McOrville Inn. It has a village shop and post office.
Education
Primary school
The school in Elwick is St Peters Elwick Primary School[11]
Secondary and further education
For higher education people travel out of the parish into Hartleppol. Hartlepool has five secondary schools: for example High Tunstall College of Science, Dyke House Sports and Technology College, Manor Community Academy, and St Hilda's Church of England School.[12] Also for further education there is the Hartlepool College of Further Education and Teesside University.[13]
Transport
A main road runs through the centre of the village called Elwick road, easterly it connects the village to Hartlepool. To the west the road changes to Coal Lane that leads to the Black Woods and onto the A19.
Pauls Travel has service 65 bus through the village.[14] Most journeys from Elwick transport people to Hartlepool. The nearest airport is Durham Tees Valley Airport, which was an RAF airfield during World War II.[15] There is no railway station; the nearest to Elwick is either Billingham or Hartlepool.[16]
Industry
Britain in 1801 was divided into two categories of employment – agriculture or trade.[17] Elwick was predominantly agricultural. There are 517 economically active people (aged 16–74) that live in Elwick, 283 of those are in employment and nine are unemployed.[18]
Geography
Renewable energy
EON, the energy supplier, has put in place three wind turbines on the border of the parish.[19] This development in 2003 split the community, with some accepting the turbines and others opposing them.[20] The three wind turbines provide energy for 6,000 homes.[21]
Climate
With an 8.5 °C to 9.5 °C average temperature, the climate of Elwick is colder than the UK`s average annual temperature of 7 °C to 11 °C.[22]
Urbanisation
English Heritage have listed the disused, six-storey-high, brick Elwick windmill. Built in the mid-19th century and grade two listed on 8 January 1980, this windmill has been protected and preserved as a piece of Elwick's history.[23] Apart from the historic buildings of the windmill and church, the majority of the development is residential housing.[24] Elwick has green spaces and old farm buildings. It is not highly built up, or filled with industrial buildings.
Geology
The landscape is on low-lying land in a valley. The rocks date to the Triassic period (248–205 million years ago). The most common rock type found is red sandstone and mudstone that was deposited under arid sea conditions, with younger Permian period rock overlaid.[25]
Resources
Elwick's main resource is its fertile land, with many farms near by; and a windy climate supporting its wind turbines to produce electricity.
References
- ↑ "Parish population 2011". Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ↑ "Hartlepool Borough council". Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ↑ "unit history and boundary changes". humphrey southall. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
- ↑ "Elwick through time". Retrieved 13 March 2012.
- ↑ "historical writings of Elwick". John Marius Wilson. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
- ↑ "historical population and statistics". Humphrey Southall. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
- ↑ "Hartlepool Ward population 2011". Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ↑ "The Church of England". Archbishops' council. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
- ↑ "British Listed Buildings". english heritage. Retrieved 16 March 2012.
- ↑ "The Church of England". Archbishops' council. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
- ↑ "schools mission statement". Retrieved 19 April 2012.
- ↑ Secondary Schools – Hartlepool Borough Council
- ↑ "Big maps". UCAS. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ↑ "Connect Tees valley". Tess valley unlimited. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
- ↑ "tees valley airport". unknown. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
- ↑ "station finder". the train line. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
- ↑ "historical statistics on industry". humphrey southall. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
- ↑ "work and qualifications". neighbourhood statistics. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ↑ "wind farm development". Phil Wilson. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
- ↑ "wind turbines". BBC. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ↑ "wind turbines". BBC. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ↑ "climate". met office. Retrieved 13 March 2004.
- ↑ "Elwick windmill". english heritage. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
- ↑ "properties in Elwick". right move. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
- ↑ "Natural England". natural england. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
External links
Media related to Elwick, County Durham at Wikimedia Commons