Google Brain

Google Brain
Commercial? Yes
Type of project Artificial intelligence and machine learning
Location Mountain View, California

Google Brain is a deep learning research project at Google.

History

The so-called "Google Brain" project began in 2011 as a part-time research collaboration between Google Fellow Jeff Dean, Google Researcher Greg Corrado, and Stanford University professor Andrew Ng.[1][2][3] Ng had been interested in using deep learning techniques to crack the problem of artificial intelligence since 2006, and in 2011 began collaborating with Dean and Corrado to build a large-scale deep learning software system, DistBelief,[4] on top of Google's cloud computing infrastructure. Google Brain started as a Google X project and became so successful that it was graduated back to Google: Astro Teller has said that Google Brain paid for the entire cost of Google X.[5]

In June 2012, the New York Times reported that a cluster of 16,000 computers dedicated to mimicking some aspects of human brain activity had successfully trained itself to recognize a cat based on 10 million digital images taken from YouTube videos.[3] The story was also covered by National Public Radio[6] and SmartPlanet.[7]

In March 2013, Google hired Geoffrey Hinton, a leading researcher in the deep learning field, and acquired the company DNNResearch Inc. headed by Hinton. Hinton said that he would be dividing his future time between his university research and his work at Google.[8]

On 26 January 2014, multiple news outlets stated that Google had purchased DeepMind Technologies for an undisclosed amount. Analysts later announced that the company was purchased for £400 million ($650M USD / €486M), although later reports estimated the acquisition was valued at over £500 million.[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The acquisition reportedly took place after Facebook ended negotiations with DeepMind Technologies in 2013, which resulted in no agreement or purchase of the company.[16]

In Google products

The project's technology is currently used in the Android Operating System's speech recognition system,[17] photo search for Google+[18] and video recommendations in YouTube.[19]

Team

Google Brain was initially established by Google Fellow Jeff Dean and visiting Stanford professor Andrew Ng[2] (Ng since moved to lead the artificial intelligence group at Baidu[20]). As of 2014, team members included Jeff Dean, Geoffrey Hinton, Greg Corrado, Quoc Le,[21] Ilya Sutskever, Alex Krizhevsky, Samy Bengio, and Vincent Vanhoucke.

Reception

Google Brain has received in-depth coverage in Wired Magazine,[22][10][23] the New York Times,[23] Technology Review,[24][9] National Public Radio,[6] and Big Think.[25]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Google's Large Scale Deep Neural Networks Project". Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  2. 1 2 Jeff Dean and Andrew Ng (26 June 2012). "Using large-scale brain simulations for machine learning and A.I.". Official Google Blog. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  3. 1 2 Markoff, John (June 25, 2012). "How Many Computers to Identify a Cat? 16,000". New York Times. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  4. ↑ Jeffrey Dean; et al. (December 2012). "Large Scale Distributed Deep Networks" (PDF). Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  5. ↑ Conor Dougherty (16 February 2015). "Astro Teller, Google's 'Captain of Moonshots,' on Making Profits at Google X". Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  6. 1 2 "A Massive Google Network Learns To Identify — Cats". National Public Radio. June 26, 2012. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  7. ↑ Shin, Laura (June 26, 2012). "Google brain simulator teaches itself to recognize cats". SmartPlanet. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  8. ↑ "U of T neural networks start-up acquired by Google" (Press release). Toronto, ON. 12 March 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
  9. 1 2 Regalado, Antonio (January 29, 2014). "Is Google Cornering the Market on Deep Learning? A cutting-edge corner of science is being wooed by Silicon Valley, to the dismay of some academics.". Technology Review. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  10. 1 2 Wohlsen, Marcus (January 27, 2014). "Google's Grand Plan to Make Your Brain Irrelevant". Wired Magazine. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  11. ↑ "Google Acquires UK AI startup Deepmind". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  12. ↑ "Report of Acquisition, TechCrunch". TechCrunch. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  13. ↑ Oreskovic, Alexei. "Reuters Report". Reuters. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  14. ↑ "Google Acquires Artificial Intelligence Start-Up DeepMind". The Verge. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  15. ↑ "Google acquires AI pioneer DeepMind Technologies". Ars Technica. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  16. ↑ "Google beats Facebook for Acquisition of DeepMind Technologies". Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  17. ↑ "Speech Recognition and Deep Learning". Google Research Blog. Google. August 6, 2012. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  18. ↑ "Improving Photo Search: A Step Across the Semantic Gap". Google Research Blog. Google. June 12, 2013.
  19. ↑ "This Is Google's Plan to Save YouTube". Time. May 18, 2015.
  20. ↑ "Ex-Google Brain head Andrew Ng to lead Baidu's artificial intelligence drive". South China Morning Post.
  21. ↑ "Quoc Le - Behind the Scenes". Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  22. ↑ Levy, Steven (April 25, 2013). "How Ray Kurzweil Will Help Google Make the Ultimate AI Brain". Wired Magazine. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  23. 1 2 Hernandez, Daniela (May 7, 2013). "The Man Behind the Google Brain: Andrew Ng and the Quest for the New AI". Wired Magazine. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  24. ↑ Hof, Robert (April 23, 2013). "Deep Learning: With massive amounts of computational power, machines can now recognize objects and translate speech in real time. Artificial intelligence is finally getting smart.". Technology Review. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  25. ↑ "Ray Kurzweil and the Brains Behind the Google Brain". Big Think. December 8, 2013. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
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