Hierophany

A hierophany is a manifestation of the sacred. The word is a formation of the Greek adjective hieros (Greek: ἱερός; sacred/holy) and the verb phainein (φαίνειν; to reveal / to bring to light).

When the sacred is revealed in some form or other to an entity, it brings with it great pleasure and suffering, as one who has become familiar with the Godhead would ascribe. This information can be then used by the recipient to assist others on their own path.

In Mircea Eliade's writings

The word hierophany recurs frequently in the works of the religious historian Mircea Eliade, which he preferred to the more constrictive word theophany (an appearance of a god).^[1]

Eliade argues that religion is based on a sharp distinction between the sacred (God, gods, mythical ancestors, etc.) and the profane.^[2] According to Eliade, for traditional man, myths describe "breakthroughs of the sacred (or the 'supernatural') into the World"—that is, hierophanies.^[3]

In the hierophanies recorded in myth, the sacred appears in the form of ideal models (the actions and commandments of gods, heroes, etc.). By manifesting itself as an ideal model, the sacred gives the world value, direction, and purpose: "The manifestation of the sacred, ontologically founds the world".^[4] According to this view, all things need to imitate or conform to the sacred models established by hierophanies, in order to have true reality: to traditional man, things "acquire their reality, their identity, only to the extent of their participation in a transcendent reality".^[5]

See also

• Darśana
• Hierophant
• Sacred-profane dichotomy

Notes

1. Shamanism, p. xiii
2. Patterns in Comparative Religion, p. 1
3. Myth and Reality, p. 6
4. The Sacred and the Profane, p. 21
5. Comos and History, pg. 5

References

• Mircea Eliade:
  • Cosmos and History: The Myth of the Eternal Return. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1959.
  • Myth and Reality. Trans. Willard R. Trask. New York: Harper & Row, 1963.
  • Patterns in Comparative Religion. New York: Sheed & Ward, 1958.
  • The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion (trans. Willard R. Trask), Harper Torchbooks, New York, 1961
  • Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972.
• Francesco Diego Tosto, La letteratura e il sacro, three volumes. (2009-2011), Esi, Naples.