Hindhead

Hindhead

Gibbet Hill, Hindhead
Hindhead
 Hindhead shown within Surrey
Population 3,874 [1][2]
4,292 (2011 Census. Ward)[3]
OS grid referenceSU886360
Civil parishHaslemere
DistrictWaverley
Shire countySurrey
RegionSouth East
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town Hindhead
Postcode district GU26
Dialling code 01428
Police Surrey
Fire Surrey
Ambulance South East Coast
EU Parliament South East England
UK ParliamentSouth West Surrey
List of places
UK
England
Surrey

Coordinates: 51°07′02″N 0°44′05″W / 51.1172°N 0.7348°W / 51.1172; -0.7348

Hindhead is a village in Surrey, England. It is the highest village in Surrey, with buildings at between 185 and 246 metres above sea level.[4] It is best known as the location of the Devil's Punch Bowl, a beauty spot and site of special scientific interest, and as the site of the Hindhead crossroads, a formerly notorious congestion spot, where the A3 between Portsmouth and London was crossed by the A287 between Hook and Haslemere. The A3 now passes under Hindhead in the Hindhead Tunnel and its route along the Punch Bowl has been removed and landscaped, but the crossroads still exists for local traffic.

Hindhead is centred 10.5 miles (16.9 km) south-west of Guildford, the county town of Surrey, on the border with the county of Hampshire. It is a ward within the district of Waverley, and forms part of the civil parish of Haslemere. The ward, which includes Beacon Hill, had a population of 3,874 at the 2001 census,[1][2][5] increasing to a population of 4,292[3] at the 2011 Census.

The place-name "Hindhead" is first attested in 1571, and means "hill frequented by hinds", or female deer.[6]

Geography

Land use, elevations and soil types

The settled parts of the village are elevated relative to all of surrounding parishes and form a mixture of paved streets and wooded roads as well as agricultural smallholdings which are few vis-à-vis other parts of Waverley District. Hindhead has the 2nd and 13th highest hills in Surrey: Gibbet Hill and Hatch Farm Hill, at 272m and 211m above sea level.[7] These rise gradually from the rest of the village towards the north of the Greensand Ridge, upon which the village wholly lies.

The soil is near its surface a sort of crumbly sandstone here known as greensand which breaks up forest into acidic heathland in many places. It supports endemic types of fungi, ferns, gorse and heather.[8]

Features

The north of the village forms the Devil's Punch Bowl, a large wooded beauty spot and a site of special scientific interest. Much of the north and east of the village is rolling woodland which forms part of the Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

History

Stone commemorating the murder of an unknown sailor on Hindhead Common

This area was notorious for highwaymen. In 1736, Stephen Phillips, a robber tried and convicted at the Old Bailey, admitted to the Newgate chaplain to having stolen 150 guineas in gold on the road towards London. In 1786, three men were convicted of the murder of an unknown sailor on his way from London to rejoin his ship, a deed commemorated by several memorials in the area. The perpetrators were hung in chains to warn others on Gibbet Hill, a short walk away on top of the Devil's Punch Bowl. With an increase in traffic and opening of the London to Portsmouth railway line removing much of the road transport of freight, such incidents reduced during the 19th century.[9][10]

Hindhead became a substantial settlement in the late 19th century. In 1904 a temporary mission church was built to serve the new community. An architectural competition to design a permanent church, that of St Albans in Beacon Hill, was held in 1906, and John Duke Coleridge (1879-1934) was chosen as the architect. The first phase, comprising the chancel, north chapel, transept and the lower stage of a projected bell tower, was completed by 1907, and the church gained its own parish in the same year. A series of windows by the Arts and Crafts designers Karl Parsons and Christopher Whall were installed in the unfinished church between 1908 and 1912. The three eastern bays of the nave were consecrated in 1915, but the two western bays were not built until 1929-31; the bell-tower was never completed and became in effect a south transept. There followed two additional stained glass windows: by Christopher Webb in 1945 and by Francis Skeat in 1950. A large vestry extension was added in 1964. A fire in 1999 destroyed the original high altar and reredos paintings.[11][12]

Notable people

Undershaw in Conan Doyle's day

Government

For the purposes of local government, Hindhead is within the civil parish of Haslemere, the district of Waverley and the county of Surrey. Hindhead forms a ward for elections to Haslemere Town Council and Waverley Borough Council, and is part of the Waverley Western Villages electoral division for Surrey County Council elections. The ward elects a single county councillor, two district councillors and five town councillors. [5][14][15][16]

Hindhead is within the UK constituency of South West Surrey and the European constituency of South East England.[5]

Transport

The southern portal of the Hindhead Tunnel
'Portal' sculpture on old A3 at Hindhead

Until 2011, Hindhead village was situated on the main A3 road between London and Portsmouth. In that year, a £371 million bypass was completed, reducing the amount of traffic passing through the village. The bypass includes the 1.9-mile (3.1 km) twin-bore tunnel, the longest non-estuarial road tunnel in the UK.[17]

The village is served by the A287, between Hook and Haslemere, and the A333, a stretch of the former A3 that links the village south to the new bypass. The section of the old A3 north of Hindhead and alongside the Devil's Punch Bowl has been returned to tree-interspersed heathland.

The nearest railway station is at Haslemere, 1.9 miles (3.1 km) away, on the Portsmouth Direct Line between London Waterloo and Portsmouth Harbour stations. Hindhead is served by two bus routes, Stagecoach South 18 and 19, linking with Haslemere and Aldershot.[18]

Nearest settlements

Neighbouring settlements are Beacon Hill (administratively part of Hindhead, while geographically separate) and Grayshott village. The town of Haslemere is 2 miles (3.2 km) to the southeast, whilst the considerably larger town of Guildford is 10.5 miles (16.9 km) to the north-east. London is 38 miles (61 km) to the north-east.

Nearest settlements
Churt Thursley Brook, Wormley
Grayshott Chiddingfold
   Hindhead  
Nutcombe, Grayshott Shottermill, Haslemere Haslemere

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Census Data - Wards - Waverley" (PDF). Surrey County Council census data. Retrieved 2013-08-12.
  2. 1 2 "Lead Key Figures - 2001 census - Hindhead (Ward)". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 2012-04-26.
  3. 1 2 "Waverley Ward population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
  4. ↑ Grid Reference Finder site giving specific elevation
  5. 1 2 3 "Election Maps". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 2013-08-12.
  6. ↑ Eilert Ekwall, Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, p.240.
  7. ↑ Database of British and Irish Hills Retrieved 2015-03-06
  8. ↑ Cranfield University National Soil Resources Institute
  9. ↑ Proceedings of the Old Bailey. Ordinary and Chaplain's account of 26 July 1736. Accessed 2012-04-26
  10. ↑ Moorey, Peter. 2000.Who was the Sailor Murdered at Hindhead 1786. Blackdown Press ISBN 0-9533944-2-5
  11. ↑ Cormack, Peter (1987). Karl Parsons, 1884-1934: Stained Glass Artist - Exhibition Catalogue. London: William Morris Gallery. p. 24. ISBN 9780901974259.
  12. ↑ Pevsner, Sir Nikolaus (1982). The Buildings of England: Surrey. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
  13. ↑ "Hindhead Golf Club". Retrieved 7 Oct 2013.
  14. ↑ "List of borough councillors". Waverley Borough Council. Retrieved 2014-03-11.
  15. ↑ "Your councillors by division". Surrey County Council. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
  16. ↑ "Meet your Haslemere Town Councillors". Haslemere Town Council. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
  17. ↑ A3 Hindhead Tunnel - Mott MacDonald Project Page
  18. ↑ "Haslemere & Hindhead bus map" (PDF). Surrey County Council. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
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