Hoggar Mountains

Hoggar Mountains
جبال هقار
Idurar Uhaggar
Idurar n Ahaggar

Landscape of the Assekrem region in the Hoggar
Highest point
Peak Mount Tahat
Elevation 2,908 m (9,541 ft)
Coordinates 23°17′20″N 05°32′01″E / 23.28889°N 5.53361°E / 23.28889; 5.53361Coordinates: 23°17′20″N 05°32′01″E / 23.28889°N 5.53361°E / 23.28889; 5.53361
Geography
Hoggar Mountains

Location in southern Algeria

Country Algeria
Hoggar National Park
IUCN category II (national park)

Locator map
Location Tamanrasset Province, Algeria
Nearest city Tamanrasset
Coordinates 22°08′N 6°10′E / 22.133°N 6.167°E / 22.133; 6.167
Area 3,800 km2
Established 1987

The Hoggar Mountains (Arabic: جبال هقار‎‎, Berber: idurar n Ahaggar, Tuareg: Idurar Uhaggar), also known as the Ahaggar Mountains, are a highland region in the central Sahara, southern Algeria, along the Tropic of Cancer.

Geography

An oasis in the Hoggar Mountains

This mountainous region is located about 1,500 km (930 mi) south of the capital, Algiers. The area is largely rocky desert with an average elevation of more than 900 m (3,000 ft) above sea level. The highest peak, Mount Tahat, is at 2,908 m (9,541 ft). Assekrem is a famous and often visited point where Charles de Foucauld built a hermitage in 1911.[1] The main city near the Hoggar Mountains is Tamanrasset, built in a desert valley or wadi.

Environment

The Hoggar Mountain range is chiefly volcanic rock and contains a hot summer climate, with a cold winter climate (temperatures fall below 0 °C (32 °F) in the winter). The mountains are young, with a geological age of around two million years. Rainfall is rare and sporadic. However, since the climate is less extreme than in most other areas of the Sahara, the Hoggar Mountains are a major location for biodiversity and host relict species. The Hoggar Mountains are part of the West Saharan montane xeric woodlands ecoregion. It is also one of the national parks of the country.

Fauna and flora

Slightly to the west of the Hoggar range, a population of the endangered painted hunting dog (Lycaon pictus) remained viable into the 20th century, but is now thought to be extirpated within this entire region.[2]

In scat collections there are records of the presence of these elusive and very rare carnivores, Including the Northwest African Cheetah[3][4]

Relict populations of the West African crocodile persisted in the Hoggar Mountains until the early 20th century.[5]

The park also contains a population of herbivores such as the saharan subspecies of the barbary sheep and the Dorcas gazelle [6]

Vegetation in this Area includes trees such as Vachellia tortilis, Vachellia seyal, myrtle and Tamarix aphylla which are scattered throughout the area. Other plants may include Citrullus colocynthis and Calotropis procera.

Cultural significance

Prehistoric settlement is evident from extant rock paintings dating to 6000 BC.[7] The Hoggar massif is the land of the Kel Ahaggar Tuareg. The tomb of Tin Hinan, the woman believed to be the matriarch of the Tuareg, is located at Abalessa, an oasis near Tamanrasset. According to legend, the Tim Lam are from the Tafilalt region in the Moroccan Atlas Mountains.

Panoramic view

Panorama of the Ahaggar mountains
Panorama of The Ahaggar mountains

See also

References

  1. ↑ Sattin, Anthony Ham, Nana Luckham, Anthony (2007). Algeria (1st ed.). Footscray, Vic.: Lonely Planet. p. 188. ISBN 1741790999.
  2. ↑ C. Michael Hogan. 2009
  3. ↑ see Busby, 2006, http://users.ox.ac.uk/~some2456/docs/Busby_GBJ_North_African_Cheetah_thesis.pdf.
  4. ↑ http://users.ox.ac.uk/~some2456/docs/Carniv_Mol_Gen_Ahaggar_Report_2006.pdf
  5. ↑ "Crocodiles in the Sahara Desert: An Update of Distribution, Habitats and Population Status for Conservation Planning in Mauritania". PLOS ONE. February 25, 2011.
  6. ↑ http://www.algeria.com/national-parks/ahaggar/
  7. ↑ Peter Haggett. 2001

Further reading

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