Glyceria

mannagrass (USA) sweet-grass (UK)
Glyceria striata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
(unranked):	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Pooideae
Genus:	Glyceria R.Br. 1810 not Nutt. 1818 (syn of Hydrocotyle in Apiaceae)
Type species
Glyceria fluitans R.Br.
Synonyms[1]
Hydrochloa Hartm. 1819), illegitimate homonym not P.Beauv. 1812 Nevroloma Raf. Exydra Endl. Hemibromus Steud. Porroteranthe Steud. Hydropoa (Dumort.) Dumort.

Glyceria is a widespread genus of grass family common across Eurasia, Australia, North Africa, and the Americas.^[2][3][4][5]

Glyceria is known commonly as mannagrass in the United States, or, in the UK, sweet-grass. These are perennial rhizomatous grasses found in wet areas in temperate regions worldwide. The base of the grass grows along the ground and may root at several places. Then it grows erect and bears leaf blades which may be flat or folded. The panicle inflorescences nod when heavy. Some mannagrasses are considered weeds while others are endangered in their native habitats.^{[6][7][8][9][10]}

Species^{[1][9][11][12]}

1. Glyceria acutiflora - creeping mannagrass - China, Korea, Japan, northeastern + east-central USA
2. Glyceria alnasteretum - Alaska,^[13] Russian Far East, Japan, Korea
3. Glyceria × amurensis - Amur Oblast
4. Glyceria arkansana - Arkansas mannagrass - south-central USA
5. Glyceria arundinacea - Eurasia from Hungary to Korea
6. Glyceria australis - Australian sweetgrass - Australia
7. Glyceria borealis - northern mannagrass - western, north-central, + northeastern USA incl Alaska; Canada incl Yukon + Northwest Territories; Mexico (Chihuahua)
8. Glyceria canadensis - rattlesnake mannagrass, Canadian mannagrass - Canada; USA (Northeast, Great Lakes, Oregon, Washington)
9. Glyceria caspia - Caucasus
10. Glyceria chinensis - China (Yunnan, Guizhou)
11. Glyceria colombiana - Colombia
12. Glyceria declinata - waxy mannagrass, low glyceria, small sweet-grass - Europe, Morocco, Madeira, Azores, Canary Islands; naturalized in scattered locales in North America
13. Glyceria depauperata - Japan, Kuril Islands
14. Glyceria × digenea - France, Czech Rep
15. Glyceria drummondii - Western Australia
16. Glyceria elata - tall mannagrass - western USA, British Columbia, Alberta
17. Glyceria fluitans - water mannagrass, floating sweet-grass - Morocco; Eurasia from Iceland + Portugal to Turkmenistan
18. Glyceria × gatineauensis - Québec, New York, West Virginia
19. Glyceria grandis - American mannagrass - USA incl Alaska; Canada incl Yukon + Northwest Territories
20. Glyceria insularis - Tristan da Cunha
21. Glyceria ischyroneura - Japan, Kuril Islands, Korea
22. Glyceria latispicea - New South Wales
23. Glyceria leptolepis - Russian Far East, China incl Taiwan, Korea, Japan
24. Glyceria leptorhiza - Korea, Honshu, Hokkaido, Heilongjiang, Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk, Zabaykalsky Krai
25. Glyceria leptostachya - davy mannagrass, narrow mannagrass - California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Alaska
26. Glyceria lithuanica - Lithuanian mannagrass - northern Eurasia from Norway to Korea
27. Glyceria maxima - reed mannagrass, English watergrass, reed sweet-grass - Eurasia from Ireland to Xinjiang
28. Glyceria melicaria - melic mannagrass - eastern North America
29. Glyceria multiflora - Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina
30. Glyceria nemoralis - Caucasus, central + eastern Europe
31. Glyceria notata - marked glyceria, plicate sweet-grass - Eurasia + North Africa from Denmark + Morocco to Xinjiang
32. Glyceria nubigena - Great Smoky Mountain mannagrass - Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina + Tennessee
33. Glyceria obtusa - Atlantic mannagrass - eastern North America
34. Glyceria occidentalis - northwestern mannagrass - California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Idaho, Nevada
35. Glyceria × ottawensis - Ontario
36. Glyceria × pedicellata - northern + central Europe
37. Glyceria pulchella - MacKenzie Valley mannagrass, beautiful glyceria - Alaska, western Canada incl Yukon + Northwest Territories
38. Glyceria saltensis - Salta Province in Argentina
39. Glyceria septentrionalis - floating mannagrass - eastern USA, eastern Canada, northeastern Mexico
40. Glyceria spicata - India, Mediterranean
41. Glyceria spiculosa - eastern Russia, northern China, Korea
42. Glyceria striata - fowl mannagrass, ridged glyceria - Canada incl Arctic Territories, USA incl Alaska, Mexico, Guatemala
43. Glyceria × tokitana Masamura - Japan
44. Glyceria tonglensis C.B.Clarke - Himalayas, China incl Tibet

formerly included^[1]

Numerous species now considered better suited to other genera: Arctophila Catabrosa Colpodium Dryopoa Eragrostis Hydrocotyle Melica Phippsia Poa Puccinellia Scolochloa Torreyochloa Triplasis

References

1. Kew World Checkist of Selected Plant Families
2. Brown, Robert, 1810. Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 179 in Latin
3. Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 213 甜茅属 tian mao shu Glyceria R. Brown, Prodr. 179. 1810.
4. Altervista Flora Italiana genere Glyceria
5. Atlas of Living Australia, Glyceria R.Br., Sweetgrass
6. Jepson Manual Treatment
7. United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile
8. Grass Manual Account
9. Whipple, I. G. et al. (2007). Molecular insights into the taxonomy of Glyceria (Poaceae: Meliceae) in North America. American Journal of Botany 94(4) 551-57.
10. Rodionov, A. V., et al. (2013). Variability of the ITS1-5.8 S rDNA-ITS2 sequence during the divergence of sweet-grass species (Glyceria R.Br.). Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research 3(2) 83-90.
11. The Plant List search for Glyceria
12. Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
13. Tzvelev, N. N. 2006. Synopsis of the mannagrass Glyceria (Poaceae). Botaničeskii Žhurnal (Moscow & Leningrad) 91(2): 255–276