J W Poundley and D Walker

Poundley and Walker or John Wilkes Poundley and David Walker were a Land Surveyors and Architects’ partnership with offices at Black Hall, Kerry, Montgomeryshire and at Unity Buildings, 22 Lord Street, Liverpool.[1] The partnership was established probably in the mid-1850s and was dissolved in June 1867.[2] The partnership was involved with large Country Estate building projects, Church and Civic buildings and some civil engineering. They specialized in building Model Farms. J W Poundley was also the County Surveyor for Montgomeryshire from 1861–1872. The Architect, Canal and Railway Engineer, T G Newnham (sometimes incorrectly given as T G Newenham) appears have been associated with the partnership.

John Wilkes Poundley (1807–1872)

Baptized at Montgomery, 27 April 1807. Following the death of his father, he was taken into the guardianship of William Pugh of Caerhowel and in 1827 he was apprenticed to the Oswestry architect Thomas Penson. He never qualified as an architect.[3] In 1857 Poundley published Poundley’s Cottage Architecture.[4] Poundley had close connections with Naylor family who, in 1835, had acquired the Brynllywarch estates at Kerry from William Pugh, the son of his guardian. They were also to acquire other estates at Leighton and Nantcribba. Poundley was employed to undertake survey work of these acquisitions. These surveys are now bound in two handsome atlas volumes in the National Library of Wales.[5] The Leighton Estate was purchased in 1847 and Poundley was employed on the construction of the monumental model farm from about 1849 to 1860.[6] Apart from the farm itself, some of the more important structures are the Poultry House and the ‘cottage orneé’ Poultry Cottage, the Cable House of the Railway and the massive stone built slurry tank, for the effluent from the farm.

About 1850 Poundley moved from Brook Cottage in Kerry to Black Hall. In the 1860‘s until the partnership was David Walker was dissolved, their output was prodigious and included considerable quantities of estate housing. Their work extended to David Davies' Llandinam estate, the Abbeycwmhir estate in Radnorshire and model farms for the Earl of Cawdor in Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire. It is difficult to judge to what extent Poundley actually designed buildings, but the decorative bargeboards on cottage orneé buildings as at Glanmule seems to represent his work, as well as the use of red brick with rusticated stone quoining. Poundley was the main promoter of the Abermule to Kerry Railway, which had been authorized as part of the Oswestry and Newtown Railway Act of 1855. This came into effect in May 1861 following the opening of Abermule Station. The construction of the railway and the building of Kerry Station at Glanmule appears to have been supervised by Poundley, opening on 2 May 1864. The railway amalgamated with others to form the Cambrian Railways in July 1864. Poundley was also a sheep farmer and it was largely through his efforts the Kerry Sheep breed came to be recognized[7]

Poundley’s Cottage Architecture 1857

              Title page of Poundley’s Cottage Architecture
Designs for Two Sets of Farm Steadings, and a double cottage for Labourers. mainly adapted to the High Districts of Wales.
                                         with
                      Plans, Sections and Elevations.
                                         by
               J W Poundley, Kerry, Montgomeryshire.

For which a Society of Noblemen & Gentlemen connected with the Principality awarded their First PRIZES in March, 1855.
To which is added a Design for a Double Cottage of one story built with Iron and Flag accompanied by Specifications. Describing the Construction of the several Buildings and a detailed estimate of the Cost.
                  Dedicated by permission to the
                           Rt Hon Lord Bagot.

“
”

Published by Lomax, Lichfield.

1857

This was produced for a group of Denbighshire Gentlemen under the sponsorship of Lord Bagot, of Pool Park near Denbigh and of Blithfield in Staffordshire. The double cottage design produced by Poundley is very plain and lacks the decorative features seen on his work for the Naylor's Montgomeryshire estates. Poundley states that he had built 25 of these cottages in the past year and the cost would have been £250 for a double cottage.[8] The plans for the farm buildings for a 200-acre farm are similar to the farm buildings he erected for the Naylors at Leighton and Kerry, but on a smaller scale.The farm buildings would have cost £1000. For a farm of 100 acres the cost would have been £790. He also published plans for a simple double cottage of Bungalow form which would have cost £180 and the walls of which were supported on an iron framing.[9]

David Walker (1840–1892)

The medieval screen in the rebuilt St. Anno church, Llananno

David Walker was a pupil of the architects William Hardy Hay and James Murdoch Hay in Liverpool. He was born in Birkenhead. He was practising at Unity Buildings Lord Street Liverpool in 1868 and had moved to Dale Street, Liverpool in 1881. He was still practising in 1890[10] and possibly up to his death, if he re-fronted the Bear Inn in Newtown in 1892.[11] He particularly favoured whitish/yellow brick for his work and favoured rounded arched braced gables drawn from the writings of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc[12] In later life Walker appears to have specialised in Church architecture and developed an interest an interest in church wood, writing articles on church screens and rood lofts.[13] He restored the screen at Llanwnnog in Montgomeryshire in 1873 and re-built in 1877-8 the church at Llananno in Radnorshire, to house the medieval screen.[14]

T G Newnham (1809/10–1898)

Thomas Garrett Newnham was the engineer to the Western Branch of the Montgomeryshire Canal in the 1830s and was a close associate of William Pugh, of Brynllywarch. In 1834 he was admitted as a member of the Institute of Civil Engineers and in 1836 he subscribed to Augustus Pugin’s Examples of Gothic Architecture, where he is described as an ‘Architect’ and his address is given as Newtown. He was involved in promoting an alternative route, on behalf of the now bankrupt William Pugh for the London to Holyhead Railway, in competition with Brunel and Stephenson.[15] His model of Dolfor church was exhibited at The Great Exhibition of 1851. At about this time he left for India to become Chief Resident Engineer of the Sindh Railway and was responsible for St Andrew's Church, Karachi,[16] which was completed in 1867. Later in the 1870‘s Newnham became deputy agent of Indus Flotilla, a steamship company[17]

Works by Poundley and Walker

Public Buildings

Montgomery Gaol Gateway by Poundley and Walker 1866

Schools

Broneirion, Gate Lodge

Houses

Churches

Leighton Hall Estate

Leighton Poultry House by Poundley and Walker

Nantcribba Estate

Brynllywarch Estate, Kerry

Terraced housing, Kerry Probably by Poundley for Naylor Estates.
Estate Houses by Poundley and Walker at Leighton, Powys

Extensive estate housing with typical red brick and stone rusticated quoining. An unusual composition by Poundley and Walker was a terrace of houses built for Naylor next to the former Kerry workhouse. The red bricks are punctuated by a double string of white brick and a pattern of white and black bricks below the eaves and for the upper voussoirs. The use of curved bricks in the voussiors give the impression of a pharonic head-dress.

Other work in Kerry

Earl of Cawdor’s Cardigan and Pembroke Estates: Model Farms

Bridges

Railways and Roads

Kerry Station at Glanmule

As County Surveyor, Poundley is likely to have been involved in various road building improvement schemes and he ‘engineered the new road from the Pentre in Kerry to the Anchor.[54]

Works by David Walker

Works which were completely after the dissolution of the partnership with Poundley in 1867.

Public Buildings

School

Churches

St Anno's Church, Llananno, Radnorshire. Rebuilt by Walker 1877-8

Works by T G Newnham

References

  1. ↑ It should be noted that the partnership regularly used both address for correspondence
  2. ↑ London Gazette, 30 July 1867, pg. 4245
  3. ↑ J D K Lloyd, John Wilkes Poundley: A Montgomeryshire Architect, ‘‘Montgomeryshire Collections’’ 65, 1977,47–56
  4. ↑ "Lloyd", 54-5
  5. ↑ Naylor Estate maps and papers in the National Library of Wales. Particularly relevant is the survey by Poundley in the Harrison Mss, Vol 1(WlAbNL)004509315 Naylor Estate maps and papers in the National Library of Wales. Particularly relevant is the survey by Poundley in the Harrison Mss, Vol 1 &2 (WlAbNL)004509315
  6. ↑ R Scourfield and R Haslam "The Buildings of Wales: Powys; Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire and Breconshire" Yale University Press 2013, 133–4
  7. ↑ Cozens L et al. "The Mawddwy, Van and Kerry Branches" Oakwood Press, 2nd ed, 2004,161
  8. ↑ ”Poundley’s Cottage Architecture”, Plan 1
  9. ↑ ”Poundley’s Cottage Architecture”, Plan 4
  10. ↑ Antonia Brodie ed Directory of British Architects, 1834–1914: Vol. 2 (L-Z),891 British Architectural Library, Royal Institute of British Architects Continuum 2001
  11. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 226
  12. ↑ He seems to have drawn his inspiration from contemporary French architecture and larger and more elaborate houses are likely to be derived from Violet-le-Duc Habitations moderne (1875), while villas and smaller houses from Lacroux’s Brique ordinaire (1878) and Pierre Chabet’s La brique et la terre cuite (1881).
  13. ↑
    • Walker D. Some Account of Rood Screens and Timber Work of ‘Powys Land’ Part 1: Rood Screen in Newtown, Removed from the Old Parish Church. Part 2, Llanwnog Church. Part 3. Rood Screen, Llananno Church, Radnor. Montgomeryshire Collections Vol. 3 (1870), 211–214; Vol. 4 (1874), 181–184. Vol. 7, 61–64.
  14. ↑ "Scourfield", (2013), 186–7, 334–5
  15. ↑ Richard Williams "Montgomeryshire Worthies" Newtown 1884, 116
  16. ↑ http://planbox.wordpress.com/2012/05/08/st-andrews-church-in-karachi-pakistan/, which illustrates St Andrews
  17. ↑ http://www.dawn.com/news/487496/transcendent-beauty/?commentPage=1&storyPage=2
  18. ↑ Hubbard E The Buildings of Wales: Clwyd (Denbighshire and Flintshire), Penguin/ Yale 1986
  19. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 173
  20. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 211
  21. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 211
  22. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 141
  23. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 141,
  24. ↑ "Lloyd", 52
  25. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 285
  26. ↑ "Lloyd", 52
  27. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 285
  28. ↑ "Lloyd", 49
  29. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 110
  30. ↑ "Hubbard" 204-5
  31. ↑ Carno, Bangor Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  32. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 277
  33. ↑ Scourfield and Haslam "The Buildings of Wales: Powys; Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire and Breconshire" Yale University Press 2013,104,
  34. ↑ Darowen, Bangor Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  35. ↑ "Lloyd", 51
  36. ↑ "Lloyd", 51
  37. ↑ Trefeglwys, Bangor Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  38. ↑ "Lloyd", 52
  39. ↑ Llanbrynmair, Bangor Diocese. Walker’s plans were rejected for a grant. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  40. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 133-4
  41. ↑ http://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/search-and-book/properties/poultry-cottage-10421
  42. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 134
  43. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 134
  44. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 141
  45. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 141
  46. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 126
  47. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 127
  48. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 126
  49. ↑ T Lloyd et al., Buildings of Wales: Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion. Yale 2006,162
  50. ↑ "T Lloyd et al.", 365
  51. ↑ T Lloyd et al., Buildings of Wales: Pembrokeshire. Yale 2006,460
  52. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 141
  53. ↑ Cozens L et al. "The Mawddwy, Van and Kerry Branches" Oakwood Press, 2nd ed, 2004
  54. ↑ "Lloyd", 54
  55. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam"141
  56. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 233-4
  57. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 233-4
  58. ↑ Beaumont, Carlisle Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  59. ↑ Birkenhead, Chester Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  60. ↑ Great Sutton, Chester Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  61. ↑ Gwernaffield, St Asaph Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  62. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" (2013) 334-5.
  63. ↑ Rhyl, St Asaph Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  64. ↑ West Derby, Chester Diocese. http://www.churchplansonline.org
  65. ↑ "Scourfield and Haslam" 222
  66. ↑ http://www.churchplansonline.org
  67. ↑ Application for a new tower and vestry. The grant application drawing of the tower is signed by the Rev J Parker, 18 June 1838, so the design appears to be by Parker, but he would have needed a recognized architect to submit the plans.
  68. ↑ http://www.churchplansonline.org

Literature

Poundley and Walker Gallery

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