Junction Mills, Ashton-under-Lyne

Junction Mills
Cotton
Junction Mill Chimney
Location within Greater Manchester
Spinning (Mule mill)
Location	West of Portland Basin, Ashton-under-Lyne
Serving canal	Ashton Canal
Serving railway	Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
Owner	Samuel Heginbottom
Further ownership	Samuel Heginbottom and Sons Ltd (1896/7)
Coordinates	53°28′54″N 2°06′05″W / 53.4818°N 2.1013°W / 53.4818; -2.1013
Construction
Built	1831
Renovated	1:1867 Chimney built
References
^[1]

The Junction Mills were cotton spinning and weaving mills to the west of the Portland Basin in Ashton-under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, in England. They were built between 1831 and 1890 for the Samuel Heginbottom and his sons. The firm went out of business in 1930, and all the buildings have been demolished but the 210 feet (64 m) octagonal chimney, built in 1867, and typical of that period has been preserved in situ.^[1]

Location

The Junction mills were built alongside the Ashton Canal to the west of the Portland Basin.

History

Generally, the earlier mills in Ashton had been built close to the town centre, but after 1824 all the new mills had been built adjacent to the canal. Sites with a good wharf were favoured.1825 to 1830 was a period of depression. In the boom of 1830 many mills built extensions. Samuel Heginbottom bought the land to the west of the Portland basin in 1831, and by 1833 had constructed a five storey mill that cost ₤5000.

The first expansion was in 1835, when a 22 bay five storey mill was built on newly acquired land fronting Margaret St. In November 1837, a banquet was held here before the machinery was installed, and the mill became known as 'Banquet Mill'. In 1839 the two mills were connected by a further multistorey block. All these mills were built for spinning, but by 1837 power looms had been installed and by 1847, the mills were producing printed cloths and shirtings.

The 1840 mill was employing 632 hands, rising in 1860 to 700. The 210 feet (64 m) high octagonal chimney was built in 1867, adjoining the Banquet Mill Engine House, presumably in an attempt to increase the efficiency of the boilers that were required to produce even more power. More weaving sheds were constructed in 1884, giving space for 1004 looms. The Spindleage at this time was 48,000. A further 400 looms were installed in 1893 in a detached shed on the other side of Margaret Street.

The company was incorporated in 1896/7, when it was spinning medium counts and weaving fancies such as Jacquards, satteens, drillettes and velvets. The company closed in 1930, and though part of the 1831 mill remained until 1987 it has all been demolished except the chimney which has been preserved as local landmark.^[1]

Owners

Samuel Heginbottom
Samuel Heginbottom and Sons Ltd

Lancashire cotton

Architects	David Bellhouse Bradshaw Gass & Hope F.W. Dixon & Son Edward Potts Potts, Pickup & Dixon Stott Sidney Stott (later Sir Philip)

Engine makers	Daniel Adamson Ashton Frost Ashworth & Parker Bateman & Sherratt Boulton & Watt Browett, Lindley & Co Buckley & Taylor Carels Frères Earnshaw & Holt Fairbairn W & J Galloway & Sons Benjamin Goodfellow Hick, Hargreaves & Co Benjamin Hick and Sons John Musgrave & Sons J & W McNaught Petrie of Rochdale William Roberts & Co of Nelson George Saxon Scott & Hodgson Urmson & Thompson Yates of Blackburn Yates & Thom Willans & Robinson J & E Wood Woolstenhulmes & Rye

Machinery makers	Brooks & Doxey Butterworth & Dickinson Curtis, Parr & Walton Dobson & Barlow John Hetherington & Sons Joseph Hibbert John Pilling and Sons Harling & Todd Howard & Bullough Geo. Hattersley Asa Lees Mather & Platt Parr, Curtis & Madely British Northrop Loom Co Pemberton & Co Platt Brothers Taylor, Lang & Co Textile Machinery Makers Tweedales & Smalley T. Wildman & Sons

Mill owners	Elkanah Armitage Henry Ashworth Hugh Birley Hugh Hornby Birley Joseph Brotherton James Burton Peter Drinkwater Nathaniel Eckersley John Fielden William Gray Richard Howarth William Houldsworth John Kennedy Charles Macintosh Hugh Mason Samuel Oldknow Robert Peel John Rylands

Limited companies	Oldham Limiteds Fine Spinners and Doublers Lancashire Cotton Corporation Combined Egyptian Mills Ltd Courtaulds Bagley & Wright

Industrial processes	Textile manufacturing Cotton-spinning machinery Dref Friction Spinning Dandy loom Magnetic ring spinning Open end spinning Ring spinning Spinning frame Spinning jenny Spinning mule Steaming Water frame Roberts Loom Lancashire Loom Lancashire boiler

Associations	Amalgamated Association of Beamers, Twisters and Drawers (Hand and Machine) Amalgamated Association of Operative Cotton Spinners Amalgamated Textile Warehousemen's Association Amalgamated Textile Workers' Union Amalgamated Weavers' Association Burnley, Nelson, Rossendale and District Textile Workers' Union General Union of Loom Overlookers North East Lancashire Amalgamated Weavers' Association Northern Textile and Allied Workers' Union National Union of Textile and Allied Workers The Textile Institute United Textile Factory Workers' Association

Employment practices	More looms Kissing the shuttle Mule spinners' cancer Piece-rate list

Lists of mills	LCC mills Bolton Bury Cheshire Derbyshire Lancashire Manchester Oldham (borough) Preston Rochdale Salford Stockport Tameside Wigan Yorkshire

Museums	Bancroft Shed Helmshore Mills Queen Street Mill Weavers' Triangle Quarry Bank Mill, Styal

Pioneers	Richard Arkwright Samuel Crompton James Hargreaves Thomas Highs John Kay (flying shuttle) John Kay (spinning frame) Robert Owen

Lancashire Cotton Corporation

Bury	Pilot Mill, Bury Wilton Mill, Radcliffe

Bolton	Ainsworth Mill, Breightmet Bolton Union Mill, Bolton Century Mill, Farnworth

Lancashire	Coppull Mill Imperial Mill, Blackburn Mavis Mill

Manchester and Salford	Brunswick Mill, Ancoats May Mill, Pemberton Monton Mill, Eccles

Oldham	Ace Mill, Hollinwood Blackridings Mill, Oldham Dawn Mill, Shaw Fox Mill, Hollinwood Hawk Mill, Shaw Heron Mill, Hollinwood Junction Mill, Middleton Junction Kent Mill, Chadderton Laurel Mill, Middleton Junction Magnet Mill, Chadderton Majestic Mill, Waterhead Manor Mill, Chadderton Newby Mill, Shaw Orme Mill, Waterhead Regent Mill, Failsworth Royd Mill, Oldham Royton Ring Mill, Royton Rutland Mill, Shaw Textile Mill, Chadderton Trent Mill, Shaw

Rochdale	Arkwright Mill, Rochdale Harp Mill, Castleton Malta Mill, Middleton Mars Mill, Castleton

Stockport	Elder Mill, Romiley Kingston Mill, Stockport Palmer Mills, Stockport Vernon Mill, Stockport Welkin Mill, Lower Bredbury

Tameside	Atlas Mill, Ashton-under-Lyne Cedar Mill, Ashton-under-Lyne Rock Mill, Ashton-under-Lyne Saxon Mill, Droylsden Stalybridge Mill, Stalybridge Texas Mill, Ashton-under-Lyne Tudor Mill, Ashton-under-Lyne Waterside Mill, Ashton-under-Lyne

Wigan	Empress Mill, Ince May Mill, Pemberton Trencherfield Mill

West Yorkshire	Foxsons Mill, Staincliffe Mons Mill, Todmorden

References

1 2 3 Haynes 1987, p. 34

Bibliography

Ashton. "Cotton Mills of Ashton — Archive Photographs". Retrieved 2009-01-09.
Haynes, Ian (1987). Cotton in Ashton. Libraries and Arts Committee, Tameside Metropolitan Borough. ISBN 0-904506-14-2.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Textile mills in Tameside.

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