King Saud University

King Saud University
جامعة الملك سعود
Former names
 Riyadh University
Motto اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ
"Read! In the name of your Lord Who created" [Qur'an, C:96. V:1]
Type Public
Established 1957
Endowment US $2.7 billion
President Badran A. O. Alomar
Administrative staff
 4,952
Students 55,000 (as of 26 Mar 2015)[1]
Location Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
24°43′19″N 46°37′37″E / 24.722°N 46.627°E / 24.722; 46.627Coordinates: 24°43′19″N 46°37′37″E / 24.722°N 46.627°E / 24.722; 46.627
Campus Urban, enclosed 2,224 acres (900 ha) (9 km²)
Language English, Arabic
Newspaper رسالة الجامعة
Website www.ksu.edu.sa

King Saud University (KSU, Arabic: جامعة الملك سعود‎‎) is a public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, founded in 1957 by King Saud bin Abdulaziz as Riyadh University, as the first university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.[2] The university was created to meet the shortage of skilled workers in Saudi Arabia. It was renamed King Saud University in 1982.[3]

The student body of KSU today consists of about 65,000 students of both sexes.[4] The female students have their own disciplinary panel,[5] and there is a center supervising the progress of female students, either personally by female faculty members or by male faculty members via a closed television network.[6] The university offers courses in the natural sciences, the humanities, and professional studies, for which it charges no tuition. The medium of instruction in undergraduate programs is English and Arabic depending on the chosen major. Among Arab universities, its medical programs are highly regarded.

History

King Saud in 1957

Establishing Saudi Arabia's first university was a response to the educational and professional needs of a young nation. King Abdulaziz became king in 1932, and began laying the foundations for modernizing his country and establishing an educational system. In 1953 King Saud, the eldest son of Abdulaziz, acceded to the throne upon his father's death, and instituted the Council of Ministers and the Ministry Education.

Prince Fahd, who eventually became the Saudi King, was the first minister of education. Following the first session of the Council of Ministers, he announced that the first Saudi University would be established as a house of culture and sciences. Prince Fahd said that he was committed to promoting higher education.

In 1957, according to the dictates of the Royal Decree No. 17, Prince Fahd announced the founding of King Saud University, established in order to, "Disseminate and promote knowledge in Our Kingdom for widening the base of scientific and literary study, and for keeping abreast with other nations in the arts and sciences and for contributing with them discovery and invention", in addition to reviving Islamic civilization and articulate its benefits and glories, along with its ambitions to nurture the young virtuously and to guarantee their healthy minds and ethics."

Students began studying at the College of Arts in the 1957-58 academic year. Since then KSU developed further according to the needs of the nation.

Between 1958 and 1960 the College of Sciences, the College of Business (now the College of Public Administration) and the College of Pharmacy were established.

Royal Decree no. 112 of 1961 recognized that King Saud University was an independent legal entity, with a budget of its own, responsible for higher education, promoting scholarly research, and advancement of sciences and arts in the country. Naming the Minister of Education as the President of the university, the Statute ordered that the University have a Vice President and Secretary General, and that each college and institute have a Dean, Vice Dean, and a council.

In 1965 the College of Agriculture was established and KSU assumed control over the Colleges of Engineering and Education, formerly under the Ministry of Education in cooperation with UNESCO.

Riyadh University

Royal Decree no M/11 of 1967 enforced the Statute of the University of Riyadh (currently King Saud University), rescinding all earlier statutes, bylaws, and regulations. Of the main landmarks of the new Statute is the creation of the Higher Council of the University as one of its administrative powers. The membership of the new council includes two active or inactive university Presidents, two faculty members who had assumed such positions outside the country, or two native leading intellectuals.

The Higher Council of the University is the dominant power over the university affairs: it draws out policies, issues decisions to implement and achieve the objectives of the university (especially those pertaining to the creation of new colleges and departments), proposes budgets, and systems of faculty salaries, annuities, and financial awards.

Royal Decree no M/6 of 1972 superseded the Statute of 1967. With the new Statute, the membership of the Higher Council of the University includes five active or inactive university Presidents, or native leading intellectuals. To the council are also added the University Secretary General and two other non-university members. Again, the Statute dictates the creation of an Academic Council overlooking scholarly research and studies. The Higher Council of the University issues the bylaws governing the number of the Academic Council's members, responsibilities, and powers.

These decrees were issued in response to the growing and widening needs of the university as the establishment of new colleges started. Between 1958 and 1960, three colleges were established: the College of Sciences, College of Business (now the College of Public Administration) and the College of Pharmacy. In 1961/1962 women were first admitted into the College of Arts and the College of Public Administration.

Five years later the College of Agriculture was established. In the same year the College of Engineering and College of Education, having been under the Ministry of Education in cooperation with the UNESCO, were annexed to the University. A year later (1969/1970) the College of Medicine opened. In 1974/1975 the Arabic Language Institute was inaugurated to serve non-Arabic speakers. At this time deanships of Admission and Registration, Students Affairs, Libraries were also established. Again, a year later (1976) the College of Dentistry and the College of Applied Medical Sciences were added to the Riyadh campus, while launching at the same time the Abha-based campus with the College of Education. In 1977, the Graduate College assumed its office in supervising and organizing all graduate programs in the various departments of the University.

At Abha, the College of Medicine was established according to Royal Order no. 3/M/380 of 1979 and was added to the University according to Royal Directive no. 15128 of 29/6/1400H. Formal study there started in the academic year of 1980/1981.

In 1980 another branch of the University opened at Qassim with three colleges: Agriculture, Veterinary Medicine, and Economics and Administration. Formal study started in 1980/1981 academic year.

King Saud University

King Saud University entrance

In 1981, celebrating its 25th anniversary, the University of Riyadh went back to its original name of King Saud University at the orders of King Khalid bin Abdulaziz. In that year, too, the Deanship of Community Service and Continuing Education replaced the Center for Community Service, and King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) was formally opened.

Two years later (1983) two other colleges were created: the College of Computer and Information Science Sciences and the College of Architecture and Planning. Later, in 1990, the Institute of Languages and Translation was established to be turned four years later into the full-fledged College of Languages and Translation.

In 1993, the Royal ratification of the System of the Council of Higher Education and Universities was issued dictating that each university form its own Council which attends to its academic, administrative, and financial affairs, and carries out its general policy.

In 1996, the Council of Higher Education issued its decision no. 1282/A approving the creation of the Center for Consulting and Research which was renamed King Abdullah Center for Consulting and Research.

In 1997, Royal Decree no. 33 dictated the creation of a King Saud University Community College in Jazan, as well as the establishment of the College of Sciences at the Qassim campus.

In 1998, Royal Order no. 7/78/M of 11/3/1419 decreed that King Khalid University be created in the south. The branches of Imam University and of King Saud University consequently formed the new university. In the same year, after the issuance of the unified regulations for Graduate Studies at Saudi universities, the Graduate College became the Deanship of Graduate Studies, and the Deanship of Academic Research was established in accordance with the dictates of the System of Academic Research issued that year.

In 2000, the College of Medicine was established at the Qassim campus, and the Deanship of Community Service and Continuing Education was turned into the College of Applied Studies and Community Service.

In 2001, the Community College in Riyadh was inaugurated according to the Cabinet Council no. 73. During the academic year of 2002/2003 the College of Science at Al-Jouf was established. That same year the College of Engineering was opened at the Qassim campus, and the creation of community colleges at Al-Majma’ah, Al-Aflaj, and Al-Qurayat was approved.

Beginning with the academic year 2003/2004 Qassim campus became an independent university. On 2003, the Council of Higher Education approved the promotion of the Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, into the College of Nursing.

Former presidents

The following were the Presidents of University since its inception:

President From Up To
Abdulwahab Mohammed Azzam 1957 1959
Sheikh Nasser Al Manqour 1959 1960
Abdulaziz bin Muhammad Al Khwaiter 1961 1971
Abdulaziz bin Abdullah Al Fadda 1971 1979
Mansour bin Ibrahim Al Turki 1979 1990
Ahmad bin Muhammad Al Dhubaib 1990 1995
Abdullah bin Muhammad Al Faisal 1995 2007
Abdullah Al Othman 2007 2012
Badran Al Omar 2012 present

Campus

The school's current main campus was designed by HOK Architects, headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. Mechanical and Electrical systems were designed by Syska Hennessy Group, Inc. New York City, New York. The facility was constructed in the 1980s by Blount International, a construction firm led by Winton M. Blount headquartered in Montgomery, Alabama, after the firm was awarded the world's then-largest fixed-price contract in history for the sum of approximately $5 billion..

Libraries

King Saud University has a total of eighteen libraries, making up the main nerve of the academic and learning disciplines of the university. At the time of its transition into its current location, the university added the collections of nine of its libraries to the main library, thereby forming the central library. Later renamed King Salman Central library, it now enjoys seven branch libraries. Ideally housed in its seven floor building, with an area of 51400 square meters and more than 4000 reading seats, the central library occupies a central location among colleges and facilities, providing students, faculties, employees and other members of the community easy access to its location and holdings. Its collections include books, periodicals, manuscripts, government publications, academic theses, dissertations, press clippings, audio-visual and electronic media. The Libraries Deanship launched this site to help Internet surfers and interested individuals gain access to catalogs, holding locations, galleries, and electronic databases, along with other different facilities.[7]

King Abdulaziz University Hospital

The first university Hospital was King Abdulaziz University Hospital which was originally founded in 1956 but only got affiliated to the college in 1976. This facility now specializes in ENT and ophthalmology. These two departments are among the largest in the Middle East in these specialties. They host skilled physicians in all subspecialties of ENT and ophthalmology as well as world class researchers. In addition, it contains some general medical and pediatric services as well as the university diabetes center. All care is free of charge for all King Saud University staff and students. The hospital provides primary and secondary care services for Saudi patients from Northern Riyadh area. It also provides tertiary care services to all Saudi citizens on referral basis.

King Khalid University Hospital

In 1982, a dedicated university hospital was opened and was named King Khalid University Hospital. This facility is an 850-bed facility with all general and subspecialty medical services. It contains a special outpatient building, more than 20 operating rooms, and a fully equipped and staffed laboratory, radiology, and pharmacy services in addition to all other supporting services. The hospital provides primary and secondary care services for Saudi patients from Northern Riyadh area. It also provides tertiary care services to all Saudi citizens on referral bases. All care is free of charge for all King Saud University staff and students.

The Palm Mosque, (Jama’a Al-Nakheel)

The Palm Mosque, (Jama’a Al-Nakheel)

In 1982, Dr. Basil Al Bayati won the 1st prize in the King Saud Competition to build the main mosque for the university. His design incorporated extensively the motif of the palm trunk, as used in the very first Mosque of the Prophet in Medina. It was highly praised and was even claimed to "mark the beginning of a new era, a new revival in Islamic architecture."[8] The interior calligraphy above the doors and in the mihrab was done by Ghani Alani,[9] the last of the Baghdad School of Calligraphy. He was a student of Hashem al-Khattat.[10] Ghani Alani taught Dr. Bayati whilst at the College of Engineering in Baghdad. The building was also nominated for the 1992 Aga Khan Award for Architecture.


University Entrance Gate (Faith & Knowledge)

King Saud University Entrance Gate by Basil Al Bayati

As well as designing the mosque, Dr. Basil Al Bayati also designed the entrance gates to the university which are based upon the theme of faith and knowledge; two pillars of Islam that must be taken together, "Knowledge cannot do without faith nor can faith ignore knowledge for Islam calls always for faith and knowledge to run in parallel."[11] "The design consists of two books representing knowledge and faith. They have been so placed so that their pages are interlocked thus showing the close connection between faith and knowledge. Verses from the Holy Quran on faith and knowledge are written in beautiful script on the cover of each book."[12]

Research Centers

Academics

The university offers a broad range of undergraduate courses in the natural sciences, the social sciences, the humanities and professional studies. Tuition is completely free and generous scholarships are available for Saudi and international students. The medium of instruction in undergraduate programs is English and Arabic. Applicants are required to pass an Arabic examination if they are from a non-Arabic speaking country. English language support at all levels is provided by the Languages Unit.

Ranking

Academic Ranking of World Universities (2015) 151-200[13] 7 1-2[14]
QS World University Rankings (2015) 237[15] 13 3
Webometrics (2015) 244[16] 15 1
URAP (2015) 205[17] 1

Colleges

List of colleges

Science Colleges
Health Colleges
Humanities Colleges
Community Colleges

College of Medicine

College of Medicine

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia witnesses exceptional progress in many fields such as health and science. The King Saud University College of Medicine was established in 1967 during the reign of King Faisal. Actual studies began in 1969. The choice of members for the Teaching Board and the supervision of exams until 1978 were done cooperatively between the faculty and the University of London. In 1974/1975, the College opened a special department for female students and incorporated the Ministry of Health's Prince ts name was changed to King Abdulaziz University Hospital to be utilized for training male and female students in the clinical stage. At the 25th anniversary of inauguration of King Saud University 1981, the building of College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital were inaugurated for teaching and health services. The College has also made agreements with different universities in America, Canada and U.K. to support this Academic Board in the College and to train graduate Saudi doctors, as well as to provide preparation for their higher studies and specialization in different medical disciplines. [31]

College of Science

The College of Science was established in 1958, one year after the founding of King Saud University. In the beginning, the College had few students and a small number of lectures halls and laboratories. In keeping with the growth of the university at large, the College has witnessed considerable progress in many respects. The number of departments has increased, laboratories have improved, and the College now attracts a large number of students.As of today, the following bachelor's degrees are offered in the college of science: Statistics, Operations Research, Geology, Geophysics, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Zoology, Botany, Microbiology, Mathematics, Financial Mathematics, Physics.

College of Engineering

The College of Engineering was established as a joint project between the Ministry of Education of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and UNESCO in November 1962. This project lasted until 1969 when the College of Engineering became an official part of King Saud University.

The college started with three departments: the department of civil engineering (CE), the department of electrical engineering (EE), and the department of mechanical engineering (ME). In 1968, the department of architecture was established and it became a college in 1984 under the name the College of Architecture and Planning.

In 1974 two departments were established: the department of chemical engineering (CHE) and the department of petroleum engineering (PGE). In 1988 surveying engineering (SE) was also established as a program in the department of civil engineering(CE). In 1982, the program of industrial engineering was established in the department of mechanical engineering. Later on the program became the department of industrial engineering (IE) in 2002. In sum, there are now seven departments offering the Bachelor of Science Degree in the following fields;

  1. Petroleum Engineering
  2. Chemical Engineering
  3. Surveying Engineering
  4. Civil Engineering
  5. Industrial Engineering
  6. Mechanical Engineering
  7. Electrical Engineering

The number of students of the college has risen from 17 in 1962 to more than 4000 students in 2005. The Faculty members have similarly grown in number from 4 to 210 (including lecturers and teaching assistants) within the same time span.

Student life

Foreign students

University also offers foreign students the opportunity to enroll through the Vice Rectorate for Knowledge Exchange and Technology Transfer in the fields of Engineering, sciences, medicine, and arts.

Student aid and housing

The University offers science and health major students 990 SR/month (264 $), and humanities students 840 SR/month (224 $), 75% discount on foreign books, and residence fully furnished at university housing/hostels complex, food within university restaurant, free medical treatment, full return tickets to their country.

2014 Emergency incident

In 2014, the university gained widespread criticism for the way it handled an emergency incident. A female student was denied access to advanced help because she was not fully covered and the paramedics were male. She subsequently died as a result.[32]

Notable programs

Riyadh Technology Valley

Main article: Riyadh Techno Valley

The Riyadh Techno Valley, is one of the contributions of King Saud University in building partnership with the public and private sectors in the area of knowledge economics. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has adopted a long term economic strategy that shifts its focus to develop a knowledge-based economy. King Saud University (KSU) is seeking to play a full part in this strategy through the development of a substantial science park, "Riyadh Techno Valley - King Saud University (RTV- KSU)", on its Riyadh campus. Through this project, KSU aims to satisfy the demands of the knowledge-based industries, and to commercialize its research outcomes, in addition to enhancing the research environment and encouraging researchers and graduates to participate in the incubation program and to establish spin-off knowledge-based companies. The university is currently focusing its research on polymers, catalytic and bio technology pharmaceuticals.[34]

Alumni

  • Mohammad bin Salman Al Saud, The deputy crown prince of Saudi Arabia.
  • Mujahid Kamran, he was an associate professor at King Saud University from 2001–2004.
  • Abdullahi Yusuf Cub, Imam University Manager, and currently Member of Saudi Majlis Ash-Shura.
  • Ali Hassan al-Shaer, Advisor on the Saudi Arabia Council of Ministers.
  • Abdullah Ali Naeem, President of Mayors.
  • Zayed Fahd Alskibi, Chairman of AlSharq magazine.
  • Khalid Mohammed Al-Angari, Minister of Higher Education.
  • Abdul Rahman Abdul Aziz Al Shinayfi, Advisor at the Prince Office of communications.
  • Mohamed Saad al-shihri, Deputy of the finance affairs at The Ministry of Post, Telegraphs and Telephones.
  • Abdullah Mohammed al-Faisal, King Saud University Ex-Rector.
  • Abdullah Abdel Aziz Abdel Kader, ACDIMA CEO.
  • Mansour Ibrahim al Turki, King Saud University Ex-Rector.
  • Abdullah Ibrahim Al-qoer, CEO of Bahrain's Gulf Bank.
  • Anwar Abdel-Meguid Jberti, General supervisor of King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre.
  • Osama Jaafar Faqih, Ex Minister of Commerce.
  • Fouad Abdel Salam al-farsi, Ex Hajj Minister.
  • Ibrahim Abdul Aziz Al-Assaf, Minister of Finance.
  • Mosaad Mohammed Al-sinani, Ex Minister of Labours & Social Affairs.
  • Ahmed Mohamed Al-sinani, Assistant Vice minister of the Ministry of Education for Teachers affairs.
  • Saleh Abdullah Kamel, Dallah Albaraka Group Chirman.
  • Gebarh eid Suraiseri, Transportation Minister.
  • Abdullah Sulaiman Al-osim, General Manager of Central Department of Statistics and Information.
  • Abdullah Ali al-Muneef, General Manager for Admin Affairs at The Health Affairs of The National Guards.
  • Saad Attiya al-Ghamdi, Abdulatif Jameel Group General Manager.
  • Osama Mohamed Mattar, VP for AlAhli National Bank.
  • Amr Ibrahim Ragab, Commerce Minister Office Manager.
  • Hamad Suleiman Al-bazei, Vice minister of the Ministry of Finance for the national economy.
  • Abdul Rahman Abdullah al-Tuwaijri, Governor of the Capital Market Authority.
  • Yousif Trad al-Saadoun, Foreign Ministry vice minister for Economic Affairs.
  • Ahmed Abdel Rahman al-Mansour, Vice minister for Labor affairs at Labor ministry.
  • Yousif Mohamed Al-qublan, GM of Planning and Administrative Development at the Ministry of knowledge.
  • Hamad Mohammed al-baadi, General secretary for king Abdulaziz & his champions foundation for giftedness and creativity.
  • Abdul Aziz Othman al-Tuwaijri, General Manager of ISESCO.
  • Saad Mohammed Ahariqi, Vice rector at King Faisal University.
  • Khalid Abdul Rahman al- Hammoud, Vice rector for Higher Studies and Scientific Research at King Saud University.
  • Abdullah Abdullah al-Obaid, Vice minister for of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water for agricultural research and development.
  • Saad Abdullah Al Barrak, Vice rector for Higher Studies and Scientific Research at King Faisal University.
  • Ahmed Saleh Baenair, Ex General Manager of Jazan Agricultural Development Co.
  • Hassan Abdullah Al-Qahtani, Ex General Manager of the Bisha Agricultural Development.
  • Nasser Hamad Al-Nasser, Chairman of the Board for AlJawf agricultural company.
  • Abdul Aziz Mohamed Altlassi, GM of AlJawf agricultural company.
  • Mohammed Saeed Al-Qahtani, Ex Rector of King Faisal University.
  • Atef Yahya Bukhari, Assistant General Manager of the Food and Agriculture Organization.
  • Walid amen keeali, General Manager of AlHayat medical co.
  • Ibrahim Abdul Rahman al-mashall, Vice Rector at King Saud University.
  • Mubarak Alhammad, Supervisor of PSU colleges in Wadi Ad-Dawasir.
  • Mohammed Abdel-Rahman al-mashall, General Manager of Tabuk Pharmaceutical Industries.
  • Abdullah Abdul Aziz al-Rabia, Minister of Health.
  • Mohammed Hassan Mufti, Hospital Director of public security forces hospital.
  • Sultan Abdullah Bahebri, Executive Director of the Specialist Hospital in Riyadh.
  • Muhammad Hamza Khchim, Director of King Khaled Hospital.
  • Yazeed Abdul Rahman al-Ohali, Director of the Hospitals at the Ministry of Health.
  • Tawfik Ahmed Khoja, GM of health centers at the ministry of health.
  • Saleh Taher Ozmrli, Saudi Cultural attaché in US.
  • Mohammed Abdo Yamani, Ex Media Minister.
  • Salim Ahmed Mlibari, GM of AlMawashi Company.
  • Abdullah Omar Nassif, Vice President of The Saudi Majlis Ash-Shura.
  • Ali Reza Kabli, Director of the Center for the development of university education at King Abdulaziz University.
  • Abdul Halim Abdul Rahman Radwa, Artist.
  • Abdel-Aziz Mohi Eddin Khoja, The Saudi Ambassador at Russia.
  • Abdul Aziz Hamid Abu Znadh, Secretary-General of the National Wildlife Conservation and Development.
  • Abdullah Kaddhi Al-kaddhi, Advisor at King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST).
  • Abdul Rahman Hassan Al-Sheikh, Riyadh Vice Mayor.
  • Mohamed Ibrahim al-Jarallah, Minister of Municipal and Rural Affairs.
  • Nasser Abdullah al-muhos, General Manager of Assiar Company.
  • Faisal Hamad Al-squir, Vice President of Advanced Electronics Company (AEC).
  • Ghassan Abdul Rahman al-shibl, CEO of Advanced Electronics Company (AEC).
  • Bakar Hamzah Khchim, General Manager of Western Electric Co.
  • Abdel-Rahman Abdel-Mohsen al-Tuwaijri, Vice Minister at Industries Ministry.
  • Abdul Latif Abdul Malik Al-Sheikh, PMO at the Riyadh Development Authority.
  • Saud Ibrahim al-Thunayan, Vice Minister at Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs.
  • Ahmed Abdullah al-Tuwaijri, GM at Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs.
  • Ali Ahmed Al Barrak, CEO of the Saudi Electricity Company.
  • Khalid Abdullah Aldgther, GM of Arriyadh Development Co.
  • Saad Abdul Aziz Al-bdnh, GM of ARABSAT.
  • Abdul Rahman Abdullah al-Faheed, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Post and Telegraph and Telephone for landlines affairs.
  • Mohamed Jamil Ahmed Mulla, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Post and Telegraph and Telephone for engineering affairs.
  • Hammoud Mohammed al-qser, GM of Landlines Affairs At STC.
  • Ziad Thamer al-otaibi, GM of Mobile communications and rural at STC.
  • Abdel Aziz bin Mohammed bin Aiav al-Muqrin, Mayor of Riyadh.
  • Omar Awad al-Mashabi, Adviser at the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs.
  • Saleh Ali AlHathloul, Vice Minister at Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs for Cities planning (Retired.)
  • Abdul Aziz Abdullah Al Khudairi, Assistant Vice Minister at Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs for cities planning.
  • Mohamed Abdelaziz al-mahrig, Chief of Taif Municipal.
  • Khalid AdDamigh, Cultural attache and director of King Fahd Cultural Center in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Ministry of Education - Higher Education, Deputy for Planning and Information Affairs
  2. ↑ "Top Universities". Top Universities. 2009-11-12. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  3. ↑ "Saudi Arabia - EDUCATION". Countrystudies.us. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  4. ↑ "Facts and Statistics". King Saud University. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  5. ↑ "King Saud University >Committees > About center KSU -".
  6. ↑ "King Saud University > Home > About center KSU -".
  7. ↑ "Home Deanship of Library Affairs KSU". Ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  8. ↑ Fehervari, Geza (September 1983). "Revival in Islamic Architecture" (Vol. 7, no 6 ed.). Ahlan Wasahlan magazine. pp. 15–17.
  9. ↑ fr:Ghani Alani
  10. ↑ "Islamic Calligraphy - Hashim Muhammad Baghdadi Profile".
  11. ↑ Al Bayati, Basil (2008). Conceptualist. Milan: Genivs Loci. ISBN 978-88-903666-2-8.
  12. ↑ "Islamic Art - Engineering in Islamic Architecture".
  13. ↑ "Academic Ranking of World Universities". Shanghai Ranking. 2011. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  14. ↑ http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2014.html
  15. ↑ "King Saud University". Top Universities. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  16. ↑ "Ranking Web of World universities: Home". Webometrics.info. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  17. ↑ URAP - University Ranking by Academic Performance
  18. ↑ "Preparatory Year". King Saud University. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  19. ↑ "Home - KSU:Colleges:College of Architecture and Planning". KSU. 2007-11-08. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  20. ↑ "College of Business Administration". King Saud University. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  21. ↑ "King Saud University - College of Engineering - Main Page- KSU - college of engineering". KSU. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  22. ↑ "home3". Ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  23. ↑   (2010-02-13). "King Saud University > >". Ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  24. ↑ "CCIS - Home Page". Ksu.edu.sa. 2010-09-20. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  25. ↑ "College Of Medicine, King Saud University". Colleges.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  26. ↑ "Home - KSU:Colleges:College of Dentistry". Colleges.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  27. ↑ "Home - KSU:Colleges:College of Pharmacy". Colleges.ksu.edu.sa. 2008-10-28. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  28. ↑ "الرئيسية - كلية العلوم الطبية التطبيقية".
  29. ↑ "College Overveiw KSU:Colleges:College of Nursing KSU". Colleges.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  30. ↑ "Home - College of Health Science". Colleges.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  31. ↑ http://colleges.ksu.edu.sa/Medicine/Pages/cdefault.aspx
  32. ↑ "Saudi university student dies of heart attack after male paramedics were barred from women-only campus to treat her". Mail Online. 7 February 2014.
  33. ↑ "الرئيسية - معهد الملك عبدالله لتقنية النانو".
  34. ↑ "Index of /".
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