List of reptiles of North America

This is a checklist of American reptiles found north from Mexico, based primarily on SSAR publications.[1][2] It includes all species of the United States and Canada, including recently introduced species such as Chameleons, the Nile monitor, and the Burmese python. Subspecies are listed only in a few cases. The information about range and status of almost all of these species can be found also in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species site.[3]

* alien species

Extinction Extinction Extinct in the Wild Critically Endangered Endangered species Vulnerable species Near Threatened Threatened species Least Concern Least ConcernIUCN conservation statuses

Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.

Conservation status – IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

EX – Extinct, EW – Extinct in the wild
CR – Critically endangered, EN – Endangered, VU – Vulnerable
NT – Near threatened, LC – Least concern
DD – Data deficient, NE – Not evaluated
(v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014[4])

and Endangered Species Act:

E – Endangered, T – Threatened
XN, XE – Experimental non-essential or essential population
E(S/A), T(S/A) – Endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance
(the data is current as of March 28, 2014[5])
Contents:

• Crocodylia

• Alligatoridae
• Crocodylidae

• Turtles

• Cryptodira
• Tortoises
• Pond turtles
• Cheloniidae
• Dermochelyidae
• Chelydridae
• Kinosternidae
• Softshells

• Scaled reptiles

• Iguania
• Agamas
• Chameleons
• Collared and leopard lizards
• Iguanas
• Phrynosomatidae
• Anoles
• Casquehead lizards
• Curly-tailed lizards
• Gekkota
• Geckos

 

• Autarchoglossa
• Wall or true lizards
• Skinks
• Anguidae
• American legless lizards
• Gila monsters
• Tegus or whiptails
• Night lizards
• Monitor lizards
• Amphisbaenia
• North American worm lizards

 

• Snakes
• Blind snakes
• Boas
• Colubrids
• Viperidae
• Elapidae
• Slender blind snakes
• File snakes
• Pythons


Order: Crocodylia – 3 species

American alligator
Alligator mississippiensis
Family: Alligatoridae – 2 species
Alligators
Family: Crocodylidae – 1 species
Subfamily: Crocodylinae
Crocodiles


Order: Testudines (Turtles) – 62 species

Suborder: Cryptodira – 62 species

Family: Testudinidae Tortoises – 4 species
Desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii
Gopher tortoises
  • Gopher tortoise Gopherus polyphemus VU T
  • Texas tortoise Gopherus berlandieri LR/lc
  • Desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii VU T
    (AZ south and east of Colorado R.: T(S/A) only)
  • Sonoran Desert tortoise Gopherus morafkai (formerly in G. agassizii)
Family: Emydidae Pond turtles – 35 species
Subfamily: Emydinae
Pond turtles
Blanding's turtle
Box turtles
Subfamily: Deirochelyinae
Black-knobbed map turtle
Graptemys nigrinoda hatchlings
Sliders
Painted turtles
Chicken turtles
Map turtles
Diamond-backed terrapin
Redbelly turtles and cooters
Family: Cheloniidae – 5 species
Green sea turtle Chelonia mydas
Family: Dermochelyidae – 1 species
  • Leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea VU E
    (East Pacific Ocean subpopulation – i.e. Hawaiian Is.: CR, West Pacific Ocean subpopulation: CR, Northwest Atlantic Ocean subpopulation: LC)
Family: Chelydridae – 2 species
Snapping turtles
Alligator snapping turtles
Family: Kinosternidae – 10 species
Mud turtles
Musk turtles
Spiny softshell Apalone spinifera
Family: Trionychidae Softshells – 5 species


Order: Squamata (scaled reptiles) – 339 species

Suborder: Iguania – 81 species

Family: Agamidae Agamas – 4 species
Subfamily: Agaminae
Subfamily: Leiolepidinae
Family: Chamaeleonidae Chameleons – 3 species
Subfamily: Chamaeleoninae
Family: Crotaphytidae Collared and leopard lizards – 8 species
Eastern collared lizard
Crotaphytus collaris
Collared lizards
Leopard lizards
Family: Iguanidae Iguanas – 6 species
Common Chuckwalla Sauromalus ater
Chuckwallas
Family: Phrynosomatidae – 46 species
Zebratail lizards
Greater earless lizards
Earless lizards
Rock lizards
Horned lizards
Desert Horned Lizard
Phrynosoma platyrhinos
Spiny lizards
Fringe-toed lizards
Tree and brush lizards
Side-blotched lizards
Family: Polychrotidae Anoles – 11 species
Green anole Anolis carolinensis
Anoles
Family: Corytophanidae Casquehead lizards – 1 species
Family: Leiocephalidae Curly-tailed lizards – 2 species

Suborder: Gekkota – 25 species

Family: Gekkonidae geckos – 25 species
Subfamily: Gekkoninae
Texas banded gecko
Coleonyx brevis
Subfamily: Eublepharinae
Banded geckos

Suborder: Autarchoglossa – 72 species

Family: Lacertidae Wall or true lizards – 3 species
Subfamily: Lacertinae
Family: Scincidae Skinks – 21 species
Subfamily: Scincinae
Subfamily: Lygosominae
Family: Anguidae – 9 species
Eastern Glass Lizard
Ophisaurus ventralis
Subfamily: Anguinae
Glass lizards
Subfamily: Gerrhonotinae
Western alligator lizards
Eastern alligator lizards
Family: Anniellidae American legless lizards – 1 species
Legless lizards
Family: Helodermatidae Gila monsters – 1 species
Gila monster at the Bristol Zoo
Gila monster
Family: Teiidae Tegus or whiptails – 28 species
Family: Xantusiidae Night lizards – 8 species
Night lizards
Family: Varanidae Monitor lizards – 1 species
Florida wormlizard Rhineura floridana

Suborder: Amphisbaenia – 1 species

Family: Rhineuridae North American worm lizards – 1 species
Worm lizards

Suborder: Serpentes – 160 species

Family: Typhlopidae Blind snakes – 1 species
Family: Boidae Boas – 5 species
Subfamily: Erycinae
Rubber and rosy boas
  • Northern rubber boa Charina bottae LC
  • Rosy boa Lichanura trivirgata LC
  • Northern three-lined boa Lichanura orcutti (formerly in L. trivirgata)
Blind snakes
Subfamily: Boinae
Boas
Family: Colubridae Colubrids – 125 species
Subfamily: Colubrinae
Racers
Whipsnakes
  • Sonoran whipsnake Coluber bilineatus LC
  • Coachwhip Coluber flagellum LC
  • Baja California coachwhip Coluber fuliginosus (formerly in Coluber flagellum)
  • Striped racer Coluber lateralis LC (Alameda striped racer C. l. euryxanthus: T)
  • Striped Whipsnake Coluber taeniatus LC
  • Schott's whipsnake Coluber schotti LC (formerly in Coluber taeniatus)
Desert rat snakes
Rat snakes and fox snakes
Eastern ratsnake
Pantherophis alleghaniensis
Glossy snakes
Glossy snake Arizona elegans
Scarlet snake
Sand snakes
  • Variable sandsnake Chilomeniscus stramineus LC
    (merged former C. cinctus, C. punctatissimus and C. stramineus)
Shovel-nosed snakes
Indigo snakes
Speckled racers
Mexican hognose snakes
Plateau hooknose snakes
Night snakes
Short-tailed snake
Kingsnakes
Rough green snake
Rough Greensnake Opheodrys aestivus
Smooth green snake
Neotropical vine snakes
Leaf-nosed snakes
  • Saddled leaf-nosed snake Phyllorhynchus browni LC
  • Spotted leaf-nosed snake Phyllorhynchus decurtatus LC
Bull, gopher, and pine snakes
Pine wood snake
Long-nosed snake
Patch-nosed snakes
Mountain ratsnake
Ground snake
Black-headed, flat-headed, and crowned snakes
Lyre snakes
  • Sonoran lyresnake Trimorphodon lambda
  • California lyresnake Trimorphodon lyrophanes
  • Texas lyresnake Trimorphodon vilkinsonii LC (formerly in Trimorphodon biscutatus)
Subfamily: Natricinae
Shovel-nosed snakes
Water snakes
Saltmarsh watersnake Nerodia clarkii
Crayfish snakes
Swamp snakes
Brown snakes
Garter snakes
Lined snake
Earth snakes
Subfamily: Dipsadinae
Sharp-tailed snakes
Night snakes
Cat-eyed snakes
  • Cat-eyed snake Leptodeira septentrionalis (w/o former L. s. polysticta elevated now to species)
Subfamily: Xenodontinae
Worm snakes
Black-striped snake
  • Regal black-striped snake Coniophanes imperialis LC
Ringneck snake
Mud snake and rainbow snake
Hog-nosed snakes
Family: Viperidae – 20 species
Copperhead Agkistrodon contortrix
camouflaged in dead leaves
Cottonmouth Agkistrodon piscivorus
Western diamondback rattlesnake Crotalus atrox
Texas threadsnake Leptotyphlops dulcis
Subfamily: Crotalinae
Copperhead and cottonmouth
Rattlesnakes
Pigmy rattlesnakes
Family: Elapidae – 4 species
Western coral snake
Eastern coral snake
Subfamily: Hydrophiinae
Pelagic sea snake
Family: Leptotyphlopidae Slender blind snakes – 3 species
Blind snakes
Family: Acrochordidae File snakes – 1 species
Family: Pythonidae Pythons – 1 species

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Crother, Brian I., ed. (August 2012). Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. Seventh edition. SSAR Herpetological circular No. 39 (PDF). Shoreview, MN: Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR). pp. 1–92. ISBN 978-0-916984-85-4. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  2. ↑ Crother, Brian I., ed. (September 2008). Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. Sixth edition. SSAR Herpetological circular No. 37 (PDF). Shoreview, MN: Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR). pp. 1–84. ISBN 0-916984-74-5. Retrieved December 13, 2014.
  3. ↑ "Search Results: Reptilia North America 2014-12-13". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3 <www.iucnredlist.org>. IUCN. 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2014. Search terms Search by taxonomy: REPTILIA, Search by location: Canada, United States, (Native, Introduced, Vagrant, Uncertain), Refinements : [X] Show regional assessments:, Taxa to show: Species, Subspecies and varieties, Stocks and subpopulation). Downloaded on 12 December 2014 External link in |website= (help)
  4. ↑ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
  5. ↑ "Title 50: Wildlife and Fisheries, § 17.11 Endangered and threatened wildlife.". US Government Printing Office. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
  6. ↑ van Dijk, P.P. (2011). "Graptemys pearlensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  7. ↑ Stuart, B.; Nguyen, T.Q.; Thy, N.; Grismer, L.; Chan-Ard, T.; Iskandar, D.; Golynsky, E. & Lau, M.W.N. (2012). "Python bivittatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 22 November 2014.

Further reading

Reptilia endangered species

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