List of textile fibres

Textile fibres can be created from many natural sources (animal hair or fur, insect cocoons as with silk worm cocoons), as well as semisynthetic methods that use naturally-occurring polymers, and synthetic methods that use polymer-based materials, and even minerals such as metals to make foils and wires. The textile industry requires that fibre content be provided on content labels. These labels are used to test textiles under different conditions to meet safety standards (for example, for flame-resistance), and to determine whether or not a textile is machine washable or must be dry-cleaned. Common textile fibres used in global fashion today include:^[1]^[2]^[3]

Animal-based fibres

Fibre	Source	Attribute
Byssus	Pinna nobilis	Warmth, lightweight
Chiengora	Dog	Fluffy, lightweight
Qiviut	Muskoxen	Softness, warmth
Yak	Yak	Heavy, warmth
Rabbit	Rabbits	Softness
Wool	Sheep	Warmth
Lambswool	Lambs	Softness, elasticity, warmth
Cashmere wool	Indian cashmere goat	Softness
Mohair wool	North African angora goat	Dyes well, lightweight
Camel hair	Arabian ña / Guanaco / South America camelid varieties	Softness, warmth
Angora wool	Angora rabbit	Softness, blends well with other fibres
Silk	Silk worm	Smooth fabric finish with high shine
Alpaca	Alpaca	Soft, warmth, lightweight
Llama	Llama	Lightweight, insulating
Vicuna	Vicuna	Expensive, luxurious, soft
Aralac	Milk	Soft, silky, hygroscopic

Plant-based fibres (cellulosic fibres)

Fibre	Source	Attribute
Abacá	Abaca plant	Thin, lightweight
Coir	Coconut	Strength, durability
Cotton	Shrub	Lightweight, absorbent
Flax	Herbaceous plant	Lightweight, absorbent, used to make linen
Jute	Vegetable plant in linden family	Strength, durability
Kapok	Pentandra tree	Fluffy
Kenaf	Hibiscus cannabinus	Rough
Raffia	Raffia palm	Carpet/rough
Bamboo	Grass pulp	Lightweight, pliable fibre
Hemp	Cannabis	Strength, durability
Modal	Beech tree	Softness, lightweight
Piña	Pineapple leaf	Soft, lightweight
Ramie	Flowering plant in nettle family	Heavy, tough
Sisal	Agave sisalana	Strength, durability
Soy protein	Tofu-manufacturing waste	Wooly, lightweight
Rayon	Wood Pulp	Soft, lightweight, absorbent
Lyocell	Eucalyptus Tree	Soft, lightweight, absorbent
Acetate	Wood Pulp	Lustrous, thermoplastic

Mineral-based fibres

Fibre	Source	Attribute
Asbestos Cloth	asbestos	Fire-resistance, light weight, carcinogenic
Glass, Fibreglass	Mixed silicates	Fire-resistance, futuristic appearance in some Foil, fibres, wire

Synthetic fibres

Fibre	Source	Attribute
Nylon	Petroleum Products	Durable, strong, lightweight, dries quickly
Polyester	Petroleum Products	Durable, strong, lightweight, dries quickly
Spandex	Petroleum Products	Elastic, strong, lightweight
Acrylic	Petroleum Products	Lightweight, warm, dries quickly
Modacrylic	Petroleum Products	Lightweight, warm, dries quickly
Kevlar	Aramids	Very strong
Nomex	Aramids	Chemical, electrical, and flame resistant

References

↑ Calderin, Jay (2009). Form, Fit, Fashion. Rockport. pp. 116–7. ISBN 978-1-59253-541-5.
↑ "BBC GCSE Bitesize: Types of Fibre". BBC. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
↑ "FiberSource: The Manufactured Fiber Industry". FiberSource. Retrieved November 10, 2011.

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