Louis Michel

For the French mathematical physicist, see Louis Michel (physicist). For the Australian gold prospector, see Louis John Michel.
Louis Michel

Michel at the Central African Republic Development Partner Round Table
European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid
In office
22 November 2004 – 17 July 2009
President José Manuel Barroso
Preceded by Poul Nielson
Joe Borg
Succeeded by Karel De Gucht
European Commissioner for Research
In office
18 July 2004 – 21 November 2004
President Romano Prodi
Preceded by Philippe Busquin
Succeeded by Janez Potočnik (Science and Research)
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
12 July 1999 – 18 July 2004
Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt
Preceded by Erik Derycke
Succeeded by Karel De Gucht
Personal details
Born Louis Hortense Omer Charles Michel
(1947-09-02) 2 September 1947
Tienen, Belgium
Political party Reformist Movement (2002–present)
Other political
affiliations		 Liberal Reformist Party (Before 2002)
Profession Teacher

Louis Hortense Omer Charles Michel (born 2 September 1947) is a Belgian politician. He served in the government of Belgium as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1999 to 2004 and was European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid from 2004 to 2009. Since 2009, he has been a Member of the European Parliament. Michel is a prominent member of the French-speaking liberal party, the Mouvement Réformateur. He is the father of Charles Michel, the current Prime Minister of Belgium.

Early professional career

From 1968 to 1978, before dedicating his life to his political career, Michel taught English, Dutch and German in the Provincial School of Jodoigne, a rural town 25 miles from Brussels.

Political career

From 1967 to 1977, Michel was chairman of the Young Liberals in the district of Nivelles. Then he became alderman in Jodoigne from 1977 to 1983, "secretary-general" of the Parti Réformateur Libéral (PRL) political party from 1980 to 1982 and chairman of the PRL from 1982 to 1990 and from 1995 to 1999.

He was a member of the Belgian federal parliament from 1978 to 2004, first as a representative (1978–1999) and then as a senator (1999–2004).

Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1999–2004

Michel was the Belgian foreign minister and Vice Prime Minister from 1999 to 2004. During his time in office, he pursued former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet for crimes against humanity and played an active role in trying to bring peace to the war-weary Great Lakes region of central Africa.[1]

In July 2004, the Verhofstadt government appointed Michel as its candidate for the Belgian seat on the European Commission led by José Manuel Durão Barroso, to replace former commissioner Philippe Busquin. He was nominated on 12 August 2004 to become EU commissioner starting in November 2004.

As part of a political agreement, Busquin resigned early in September 2004 to give Louis Michel an early opportunity to serve on the European Commission. Michel completed Busquin's term as the European Commissioner for Science and Research and then served as the European Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Development.

He is also the mayor of the municipality of Jodoigne in Walloon Brabant and has been since 1983.

In 2006, United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan appointed him to a High-level Panel on United Nations Systemwide Coherence, which was set up to explore how the United Nations system could work more coherently and effectively across the world in the areas of development, humanitarian assistance and the environment.[2]

Michel withdrew himself from the Commission between the 12 May and the 10 June 2007 to take care of his political party because of the elections of 10 June 2007.[3] He resigned as Commissioner in July 2009 to become a Member of the European Parliament.

Member of the European Parliament, 2009–present

Michel has since been serving on the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs. In July 2016, he joined the Committee of Inquiry into Money Laundering, Tax Avoidance and Tax Evasion (PANA) that will investigate the Panama Papers revelations and tax avoidance schemes more broadly.

In addition to his committee assignments, Michel co-presides over the ACP–EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly which advises on the orientations of co-operation policies between the EU and its partners in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.

He is also a member of the Fondation Chirac's honour committee,[4] ever since the foundation was launched in 2008 by former French president Jacques Chirac to promote world peace.

Honours

Publications

Political issues

The Democratic Republic of the Congo dossier

Michel has been interested in the Central Africa situation and busy with the Democratic Republic of the Congo dossier since he became Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs (1999–2004) and European Commissioner in charge of the Development & Humanitarian Aid in the Barroso Commission.

Congo was a Belgian colony between 1908 and 1960. Since then, the relations between Brussels and Kinshasa have been tumultuous. They have included such events as the secession of Katanga backed by Belgium, the murder of the Prime Minister Lumumba by the Belgian secret services, the expulsion of the Belgian ambassador in the 1960s, the banning of the Sabena company from landing in Kinshasa, and "authentic Zaïrian" policy. The father of Joseph Kabila, Laurent-Désiré Kabila had very bad relations with Brussels. Many rumours accuse Louis Michel of having used Joseph Kabila as a puppet since his father was murdered in 2001. Therefore, the media has described in a very suspicious way the good relations between Louis Michel and Joseph Kabila.

Since 2001, Michel has encouraged the peace process for the Democratic Republic of the Congo that officially put an end to the Second Congo War by establishing a Transitional government (June 2003 – June 2006). The two main missions of this government were to maintain the peace by integrating all the militias into the unified army and to bring the country to elections on 30 June 2006 having ratified the new constitution by referendum.

In a lecture on 17 January 2008 (entitled Africa-Europe: the indispensable partnership) at the London School of Economics, Michel faced Congolese protestors who accused him of being complicit in Kabila's assassination and installing a puppet government in the Congo today. The meeting was abandoned shortly before its scheduled end as the chair found it impossible to continue with the interruptions.

"Leopold II was a true visionary for his time, a hero," Louis Michel, a Belgian who headed the EU's development commission, said in a magazine interview this week that elicited widespread disgust in DR Congo and beyond.

Lebanon

After the Israeli-Lebanese conflict in 2006 the Commissioner visited Lebanon and called for €30 million to repair the damage there. The Parliament's development committee was cautious though about the expenditure and he was also criticised for his slow response with one MEP comparing him to "a fireman who arrives at the scene after the fire has gone out". In the same debate MEPs attacked the Commissioner for "appearing partial in the Congolese elections" in describing Joseph Kabila as "the hope of Congo". Michel responded by saying he would have said the same about any candidate in the democratic elections.

Controversy

Michel caused some mild controversy in 2007 among MEPs when it became known that he is to take leave from his work to compete in Belgian elections. Generally Commissioners are meant to remain above national politics and the European Parliament's development committee asked the Parliament's legal service to assess if his participation violates the treaties. During his absence (12 May 2007 onwards), Commissioner Rehn took over his duties.

See also

References

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Political offices
Preceded by
Erik Derycke		 Minister of Foreign Affairs
1999–2004 		Succeeded by
Karel De Gucht
Preceded by
Philippe Busquin		 Belgian European Commissioner
2004–2009
European Commissioner for Research
2004 		Succeeded by
Janez Potočnik
as European Commissioner for Science and Research
Preceded by
Poul Nielson
Joe Borg		 European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid
2004–2009 		Succeeded by
Karel De Gucht
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