Lyttelton (New Zealand electorate)

Lyttelton is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It existed from 1853–90, and again from 1893–1996, when it was replaced by the Banks Peninsula electorate.

Population centres

The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, passed by the British government, allowed New Zealand to establish a representative government. The initial 24 New Zealand electorates were defined by Governor George Grey in March 1853. Lyttelton was one of the initial single-member electorates.^[1]

The electorate was in the eastern suburbs of Christchurch, New Zealand, and included the port of Lyttelton.

History

The electorate was created in 1853 and existed until 1890. In the 1890 election, the Akaroa electorate covered the town of Lyttelton.^[2] The Lyttelton electorate was re-established for the 1893 election and existed until 1996, the first mixed-member proportional (MMP) election, when it was included in the Banks Peninsula electorate.

The nomination meeting for the first election was held on 15 August 1853 at the Reading Room in Lyttelton. The first election was held two days later on a Wednesday at the Resident Magistrate's Office in Lyttelton, with Charles Simeon as Resident Magistrate acting as the returning officer.^[3] The election was contested by Christopher Edward Dampier, the solicitor of the Canterbury Association, and James FitzGerald, who in the previous month had been elected Canterbury's first Superintendent. Fitzgerald won the election by 55 votes to 45,^[4] and represented the electorate until 1857, when he resigned due to ill health.^[5]

Crosbie Ward won the resulting by-election in May 1858.^[6] Ward was re-elected unopposed on 25 January 1861.^[7]

Edward Allen Hargreaves won the 1866 election.^[8] He resigned in April 1867.^[9] Hargreaves was succeeded by George Macfarlan, who was elected in a 1 July 1867 by-election. Macfarlan died in office on 9 October 1868.^[10]

John Thomas Peacock won the 2 November 1868 by-election^[11] and held the seat until April 1873, when was promoted to the New Zealand Legislative Council (the upper house).^[12]^[13] He resigned from Parliament on 5 April 1873.^[14] The resulting by-election on 19 May 1873 was won by his brother in law, Henry Richard Webb.^[15]

At the 28 December 1875 general election, the Lyttelton electorate was won by Hugh Murray-Aynsley.^[16]

Harry Allwright won the 1879 general election held on 4 September. Allwright and Hugh Murray-Aynsley contested the seat, and received 192 and 176 votes, respectively.^[17]

John Joyce represented Lyttelton from 1887 to 1890 and from 1893 to 1899. The electorate was held from 1913 by James McCombs for the Social Democrats and then for Labour; he was succeeded by his wife when he died, and then his son when she also died.

The 1925 general election was contested by Melville Lyons and the incumbent, James McCombs.^[18] The original count resulted in a tie of 4,900 votes each. The returning officer gave his casting vote to Lyons and declared him elected. A recount was demanded, and on 3 December 1925, an amended result of 4890 votes for Lyons and 4884 votes for McCombs was determined, with the differences in the counts explained by counting informal votes in a different way.^[19] Lyons' election was declared void on 13 March 1926, and the previous holder, McCombs, was restored as the holder of the electorate.^[18]

The 1931 election had a close result, with McCombs just 32 votes ahead of the United/Reform Coalition candidate, Christchurch civil engineer Frederick Willie Freeman.^[20]^[21]

The seat has been held by National and Norman Kirk transferred to the safer (for Labour) Sydenham seat in 1969, just as his predecessor Harry Lake transferred to the safer (for National) Fendalton seat in 1960.

Election results

Key

Independent Liberal Social Democrat Labour Reform National

Election	Winner
1853 election		James FitzGerald
1855 election		James FitzGerald
1858 by-election		Crosbie Ward
1861 election		Crosbie Ward
1866 election		Edward Hargreaves
1867 by-election		George Macfarlan
1868 by-election		John Thomas Peacock
1871 election		John Thomas Peacock
1873 by-election		Henry Richard Webb
1875 election		Hugh Murray-Aynsley
1879 election		Harry Allwright
1881 election
1884 election
1887 election		John Joyce
(Electorate abolished 1890–1893; see Akaroa)
1893 election		John Joyce
1896 election		John Joyce
1899 election		George Laurenson
1902 election
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1913 by-election		James McCombs
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election		Melville Lyons
13 March 1926^{[nb 1]}		James McCombs
1928 election
1931 election
1933 by-election		Elizabeth McCombs
1935 by-election		Terry McCombs
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election
1949 election
1951 election		Harry Lake
1954 election		Harry Lake
1957 election		Norman Kirk
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election		Tom McGuigan
1972 election		Tom McGuigan
1975 election		Colleen Dewe
1978 election		Ann Hercus
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election		Peter Simpson
1990 election		Gail McIntosh
1993 election		Ruth Dyson
(Electorate abolished 1996; see Banks Peninsula)

Table footnotes:

↑ 1925 election result declared invalid in 1926 and McCombs reinstated.

Election results

1966 election

General election, 1966: Lyttelton^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Norman Kirk	9,045	52.0	-2.0
	National	GPA De Latour	6,924
	Social Credit	C Munnings	1,424	8.2	+1.1
Majority			2,121	12.2	-2.9
Turnout			19,844	88.0	-4.6

1963 election

General election, 1963: Lyttelton^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Norman Kirk	9,539	54.0	+5.3
	National	TD Flint	6,862	38.9
	Social Credit	C Munnings	1,249	7.1	+0.8
Majority			2,677	15.1	+13.6
Turnout			19,153	92.6	-0.4

1960 election

General election, 1960: Lyttelton^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Norman Kirk	7,910	48.7
	National	JB Hay	7,650	46.1
	Social Credit	C Munnings	1,040	6.3
Majority			260	1.5	-4.8
Turnout			17,911	93.0	-1.9

1957 election

General election, 1957: Lyttelton^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Norman Kirk	8,064	48.7
	National	Harry Lake	7,497	45.2	+4.0
	Social Credit	Wilfrid Owen	1,014	6.1	-11.7
Majority			567	3.5
Turnout			17,519	94.9	-0.1

1935 by-election

Lyttelton by-election, 1935^[23]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Terry McCombs	5,437	58.65
	United/Reform	Melville Lyons	3,685	39.75
	Independent Labour	Edward Hills	103	1.11
	Independent	G.S. Hamilton	46	0.50
Majority			1752	18.9	-6.75
Turnout			9,271	67.43^[24]

1933 by-election

Lyttelton by-election, 1933^[25]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Elizabeth McCombs	6,344	61.66	11.89
	United/Reform	Frederick Freeman	3,675	35.72	-13.76
	Independent Labour	Edward Hills	269	2.61
Majority			2,669	25.94	+25.65
Turnout			10,288	74.98

1931 election

General election, 1931: Lyttelton^[20]^[26]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	James McCombs	5,404	49.77
	Reform	Frederick Willie Freeman	5,372	49.47
	Independent	William Ling Page	83	0.76
Majority			32	0.29
Informal votes			71	0.65
Turnout			10,930	86.57
Registered electors			12,625

Lyttelton by-election, 1913, first ballot

Lyttelton by-election, 1913: First ballot
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Social Democrat	James McCombs	2,075	42.20
	Reform	Malcolm Miller	1,560	31.73
	Liberal	James Laurenson	922	18.75
	Independent Liberal	Henry Thacker	263	5.35
	Independent	William Radcliffe	97	1.97
Turnout			4,917

Lyttelton by-election, 1913, second ballot

Lyttelton by-election, 1913: Second ballot
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Social Democrat	James McCombs	2,628	52.25
	Reform	Malcolm Miller	2,402	47.75
Majority			226	4.50
Turnout			5,030
	Social Democrat gain from Liberal		Swing

1899 election

General election, 1899: Lyttelton^[27]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal	George Laurenson	2,700	75.27
	Conservative	William Jacques	887	24.73
Majority			1,813	50.54
Informal votes
Registered electors			4,841
Turnout			3,587	74.10

1896 election

General election, 1896: Lyttelton^[28]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Joyce	1,734	49.83	-18.12
	Conservative	William Jacques	1,288	37.01
	Independent Liberal	Samuel Rollin Webb	458	13.16
Majority			446	12.82
Informal votes
Registered electors			4,285^[29]
Turnout

1893 election

General election, 1893: Lyttelton^[30]^[31]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal	John Joyce	1,895	67.95
	Liberal	Edwin Blake	854	30.62
	Independent	John Moncrieff Douglass	40	1.43
Majority			1,041	37.33
Informal votes
Turnout			2,789	77.71
Registered electors			3,589

1873 by-election

Lyttelton by-election, 1873^[32]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	Henry Richard Webb	122	51.48
	Independent	Hugh Murray-Aynsley	115	48.52
Turnout			237
Majority			7	2.95

1853 election

General election, 1853: Lyttelton^[4]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	James FitzGerald	55	55.0%
	Independent	Christopher Edward Dampier	45	45.0%
Majority			10	10.0%
Turnout			100	80.0%
Registered electors			125

Notes

↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 29f.
↑ "Akaroa-cum-Lyttelton". The Star (7029). 6 December 1890. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
↑ "Public Notice". Lyttelton Times. III (134). 30 July 1853. p. 1. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
1 2 "Lyttelton Election". Lyttelton Times. III (137). 20 August 1853. p. 6. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
↑ McIntyre, W. David. "FitzGerald, James Edward". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
↑ Rice, Geoffrey W. "Ward, Crosbie". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
↑ "Canterbury". XVI (1495). Wellington Independent. 8 February 1861. p. 5. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
↑ "The Elections" (747). Otago Witness. 24 March 1866. p. 11. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 112.
↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 122.
↑ "Election of a Member for Lyttelton". The Star (148). 2 November 1868. p. 2. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
↑ "The Evening Post. Thursday, April 3, 1873". IX (44). Evening Post. 3 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
↑ "Local and General". The Star (1600). 7 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
↑ "Local and General". The Star (1599). 5 April 1873. p. 2. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
↑ "Lyttelton Election". The Star (1634). 20 May 1873. p. 3. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
↑ "Lyttelton Polling". The Star (2424). Lyttelton. 29 December 1875. p. 2. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
↑ "The General Elections". The Star (3558). 5 September 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
1 2 Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. p. 213. OCLC 154283103.
↑ "Lyttelton Recount". The Evening Post. CX (135). 4 December 1925. p. 9. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
1 2 The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
↑ "General Election, 1931". Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser. LV (5635). 27 November 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
1 2 3 4 Norton 1988, pp. 263.
↑ "Labour Wins". The Evening Post. CXX (22). 25 July 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
↑ "Issue of Writ". The Evening Post. CXIX (149). 26 June 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
↑ "Lyttelton Seat". The Evening Post. CXVI (70). 20 September 1933. p. 10. Retrieved 29 January 2011.
↑ "Notice of Nominations Received and Polling Places Appointed". Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser. LV (5634). 24 November 1931. p. 2. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
↑ "Electoral District of Lyttelton". The Press. LIII (9594). 7 December 1896. p. 1. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
↑ McRobie 1989, p. 64.
↑ The General Election, 1893. Government Printer. 1894. p. 2. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
↑ "The General Election". Otago Daily Times. 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
↑ "Lyttelton Election". The Star (1634). 20 May 1873. p. 3. Retrieved 18 April 2010.

References

McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.

Historic electorates of New Zealand » current electorates »

General electorates	Akaroa Albany Aoraki Arch Hill Ashburton Ashley Auckland Auckland East Auckland North Auckland Suburbs Auckland West Avon Awarua Banks Peninsula Bay of Islands Birkenhead Brooklyn Bruce Buller Caversham Chalmers Cheviot Christchurch Christchurch Country Christchurch North Christchurch South Christchurch West City of Auckland City of Christchurch City of Dunedin City of Nelson City of Wellington Clevedon Clive Clutha Coleridge Collingwood County of Hawke Courtenay Dunedin Dunedin Central Dunedin Country Dunedin East Dunedin and Suburbs North Dunedin and Suburbs South Dunedin Suburbs Dunedin West Dunstan East Cape Eastern Bay of Plenty Eastern Hutt Eden Egmont Ellesmere Fendalton Far North Foxton Franklin Franklin North Franklin South Geraldine Gisborne Glenfield Gladstone Grey Grey and Bell Grey Lynn Greymouth Grey Valley Halswell Hamilton Hampden Hastings Hauraki Hawera Hawkes Bay Heathcote Henderson Heretaunga Hobson Hokitika Hokonui Horowhenua Howick Hurunui Hutt Inangahua Island Bay Kaiapoi Kaimai Kaipara Kapiti Karapiro Karori King Country Kumara Lincoln Linwood Lyttelton Mahia Manawatu Manuherikia Manukau Maramarua Marlborough Marsden Masterton Matakana Matamata Mataura Mid-Canterbury Miramar Moeraki Mongonui Mongonui and Bay of Islands Mornington Motueka Motueka and Massacre Bay Mount Herbert Mount Ida Mount Victoria Newton Newtown Northern Division Oamaru Ohariu-Belmont Ohinemuri Omata Onehunga Onslow Oroua Otago Otago Central Otahuhu Otara Owairaka Pahiatua Palmerston Panmure Papanui Papatoetoe Pareora Parnell Patea Pencarrow Peninsula Pensioner Settlements Petone Piako Picton Ponsonby Porirua Port Chalmers Port Waikato Raglan Rakaia Rangiora Rangiriri Remuera Riccarton Riverton Roskill Roslyn Ruahine St Albans St Kilda South Canterbury Southern Division Stanmore Stratford Suburbs of Auckland Suburbs of Nelson Sydenham Taieri Taranaki Tarawera Tasman Taumarunui Te Aro Te Aroha Temuka Thames Thorndon Timaru Titirangi Tongariro Totara Tuapeka Waiapu Waihemo Waikaia Waikaremoana Waikouaiti Waimarino Waimate Waimea Waimea-Picton Waimea-Sounds Waipa Waipareira Waipawa Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay Wairarapa North Wairarapa South Wairau Waitemata Waitakere Waitomo Waitotara Wakanui Wakatipu Wallace Wanganui and Rangitikei Wellington Wellington Country Wellington East Wellington-Karori Wellington North Wellington South Wellington South and Suburbs Wellington Suburbs Wellington Suburbs and Country Wellington West West Auckland West Coast Western Hutt Westland Westland Boroughs Westland North Westland South Woodville Yaldhurst

Māori electorates	Eastern Maori Hauraki Maori Northern Maori Southern Maori Tainui Te Puku O Te Whenua Te Tai Rawhiti Western Maori

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