Martin Luther King III

Martin Luther King III

King in New York City, 2007
Born (1957-10-23) October 23, 1957
Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
Nationality American
Other names MLK, MLK3
Occupation

Human rights activist

Community activist
Known for Son of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Grandson of Martin Luther King, Sr.
Former Head of SCLC
Political party Democratic Party
Spouse(s) Andrea Waters (m. 2006)
Children 1
Parent(s) Martin Luther King, Jr. and Coretta Scott King
Family Yolanda King (sister)
Dexter King (brother)
Bernice King (sister)
Alveda King (cousin)

Martin Luther King III, or MLK3 (born October 23, 1957), is an American human rights advocate and community activist. He is the oldest son and oldest living child of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King.

Early life

Martin Luther King III was born on October 23, 1957, to civil rights advocates Martin Luther King, Jr. and Coretta Scott King. His mother had reservations about naming him after his famous father, "realizing the burdens it can create for the child,"[1] but King, Jr. always wanted to name his son Martin Luther III. King's birth occurred as his father was speaking to members of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and he announced his son's name after being told of the birth.[2] King's birth caused much of his mother's time to be taken away from her artistry and she spent the remainder of his birth year caring for him and his older sister Yolanda.[3]

Martin Luther King III has three siblings; the late Yolanda Denise King, Dexter Scott King and Rev. Bernice Albertine King. They were raised in Vine City, an urban neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia. When he was eight years old and only in the third grade, he began to endure racial comments and insults from a Caucasian boy in his class, who also happened to like to draw. When he approached the boy and complimented him on a drawing of his, the harassment ceased.[4]

He was ten years old when his father was assassinated. Years prior to his father's death, Harry Belafonte set up a trust fund for King and his siblings.[5]

After he attended The Galloway School, he attended Morehouse College, the same school his father, his grandfather, and his great-grandfather attended. Martin Luther King III is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, as was his father. He received his B.A. degree in political science from Morehouse in 1979.[6] King lived with his mother in his childhood home until his adulthood.

Adult life and career

King has been described as a shy man who rarely socialized, and friends have claimed he tends to overwork, in part due to the pressure to live up to his father's name. One friend, Rev. E. Randel T. Osburn, said of King, "Watching him is like watching somebody trying to outrun themselves. It's like there's a ghost in front of him and he's always trying to catch it."[1]

On June 26, 1985, King was arrested, along with his mother and his sister Bernice, while taking part in an anti-apartheid protest at the Embassy of South Africa in Washington, D.C.[7] On January 7, 1986 Martin Luther King III and his sisters were arrested for "disorderly conduct" by officers deployed to a Winn Dixie supermarket, which had been the subject of some protesting since September of the previous year.[8] On June 9, 1986 he announced his candidacy for the Fulton County Commission, becoming the first of his father's immediate family to become involved in politics.[9] Alongside Kerry Kennedy, King opposed the death penalty in 1989, stating "If we believed in an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth, most of us would be without eyes and without teeth."[10] In 1990, He apologized to all homosexuals for mentioning that "something may be wrong" with them during a meeting with some middle school students, both meeting with some gay-rights leaders to hear their concerns and referring to his remarks as "uninformed and insensitive".[11]

King served as an elected county commission member in Fulton County, Georgia, the county encompassing most of Atlanta, from 1987 to 1993. He was defeated for reelection after revealing that he owed the federal government more than $200,000 in back taxes and fines.[12] Also in 1993, King helped found the Estate of Martin Luther King Jr. Inc., the company that manages the license of Martin Luther King Jr.'s image and intellectual property. King remains a commissioner in the company as of 2008.[13] During his service as a commissioner in Fulton County, King expressed appreciation to an officer who potentially saved his mother from harm from a crazed man.[14] In February 2009, King and his wife traveled to India, fifty years after his father and mother made the trip. During his stay in India, King led a delegation, which included John Lewis and Andrew Young. In New Delhi, King visited museums on Mahatma Gandhi's life and answered questions from students. King denounced the war in Iraq and the Mumbai attacks during a lecture at the Indian Council for Cultural Relations.[15]

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

In 1997, King was unanimously elected to head the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), a civil rights organization his father founded. King was the fourth president of the group, which sought to fight police brutality and start new local chapters during the first years of his tenure.[12] Under King's leadership, the SCLC held hearings on police brutality, organized a rally for the 37th anniversary of the "I Have a Dream" speech and launched a successful campaign to change the Georgia state flag, which previously featured a large Confederate cross.[1]

Within only a few months of taking the position, however, King was criticized by the SCLC board for failing to answer their correspondence or to take up issues important to the organization. The board also felt he failed to demonstrate against national issues the SCLC would previously have protested, including the disenfranchisement of black voters in the Florida election recount and time limits on welfare recipients implemented by then-President Bill Clinton.[12] King was further criticized for failing to join the battle against AIDS, allegedly because he feels uncomfortable talking about condoms.[1] He also hired Lamell J. McMorris, an executive director who, according to The New York Times, "rubbed board members the wrong way."[12] In January 2000, King joined members of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in getting tested for prostate cancer during a program of the group aimed encouraging aging African-American men to do the same. Comedian Dick Gregory participated in the program as well.[16] On April 4, 2000, the thirty-second anniversary of his father's death, King joined his mother, brother, sister Bernice and aunt Christine King Ferris in going to his father's tomb.[17]

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference suspended King from the presidency in June 2001, concerned that he was letting the organization drift into inaction. The group's national chairman at the time, Claud Young, sent a June 25 letter to King that read, "You have consistently been insubordinate and displayed inappropriate, obstinate behavior in the (negligent) carrying out of your duties as president of SCLC."[12] King was reinstated only one week later after promising to take a more active role. Young said of the suspension, "I felt we had to use a two-by-four to get his attention. Well, it got his attention all right."[12] After he was reinstated, King prepared a four-year plan outlining a stronger direction for the organization, agreeing to dismiss McMorris and announcing plans to present a strong challenge to the Bush administration in an August convention in Montgomery, Alabama.[12] In a rally on August 5, 2001, in Montgomery, SCLC leaders, including Rev. Joseph Lowery, former United Nations Ambassador Andrew Young and Rev. Jesse Jackson all pledged their support for King. "I sit beside my successor, to assure him of my love and support," said Rev. Lowery.[18] King said he also planned to concentrate on racial profiling, prisoners' rights and closing the digital divide between whites and blacks.[1] However, King also suggested the group needed a new approach, stating, "We must not allow our lust for 'temporal gratification' to blind us from making difficult decisions to effect future generations."[12]

King Center

In 2006, King founded an organization called Realizing the Dream, which has been absorbed into The King Center under King as president. CEO Dexter King had accused Martin of establishing the foundation to make money off their parents' legacy that should go to the King Center.[19] On April 4, 2008, the fortieth anniversary of his father's death, King and Al Sharpton led a march around Memphis, Tennessee. There, he visited the Lorraine Hotel for the first time since his father's death, and placed a wreath where he stood before being shot. As he spoke to those who participated in the march, King called for them to continue his father's fight and promoted Realizing the Dream, which he said sought to eliminate poverty.[20]

Martin Luther King III spoke on behalf of the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nominee, Senator Barack Obama, at the Democratic National Convention on August 28, 2008. The event marked the 45th anniversary of the "I Have a Dream" speech and the first time an African American accepted the presidential nomination of a major party.[21] King said his father would be "proud of Barack Obama, proud of the party that nominated him, and proud of the America that will elect him."[22] But he also warned that his father's dream would not be completely fulfilled even if Obama won the presidency, because the country was suffering from a poor health care system, education system, housing market and justice system, and that "we all have to roll up our sleeves and do work to ensure that the dream that he shared can be fulfilled.”[21]

On January 19, 2009, the Martin Luther King, Jr. national holiday, King joined Obama in painting and refurbishing the Sasha Bruce Youthwork shelter for homeless teens in Northeast Washington for the nationwide day of community service.[23]

Martin Luther King III gave a tribute at Michael Jackson's memorial service on July 7, 2009, and spoke at Jackson's funeral at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California, alongside his sister Bernice. He also spoke as a campus guest speaker at SUNY Canton on February 23, 2010, at the College Union Board's invitation.

Lawsuits involving Dexter King

In July 2008, Martin Luther King III and Bernice King filed a lawsuit against his brother Dexter King, accusing him of improperly taking money from the estate of their late mother and transferring it to the Estate of Martin Luther King Jr. Inc., where Dexter King serves as president. According to the suit, Dexter failed to keep Martin and Bernice informed about the company's financial affairs. It alleged the company's assets were being "misapplied or wasted,"[13] and demanded that Dexter produce documents pertaining to the 2006 sale of some of Martin Luther King Jr.'s documents.[13] In response, Dexter King accused his siblings of continuously using their parents' legacy for their own benefit and "to further their own personal and religious agendas."[19] Although critics said the lawsuit was at odds with their father's message and legacy, King III maintained it was in keeping with his history of negotiation and nonviolent direct action, claiming, "My father also used the court system."[24]

Dexter filed a similar countersuit against Martin and Bernice on August 18, 2008, claiming they breached their duties to the King Center and their father's estate, misused assets belonging to the center and kept money that should have gone back to the center and estate. Among the claims in the suit were that Martin improperly kept a $55,000 Lincoln Navigator SUV donated to the King Center for his own personal use, and that he "commandeered a reception"[19] being held at the King Center and "turned it into his own wedding reception."[19] Dexter claimed he made numerous attempts to get his siblings to stop such misuses of power but was unsuccessful. King III's lawyer, Jock Smith, denied the allegations as petty and misguided, and said the suit demonstrates Dexter King's misuse of power and his history of making poor decisions involving the Center without seeking proper input from his siblings.[19]

In October 2008, Martin Luther King III had not seen his brother since June, and Dexter had yet to meet his niece, Yolanda. Martin, Bernice and Dexter have each expressed love for each other and hope that they will reconcile once their legal matters have been resolved.[24] In October 2009 Martin and his siblings settled the lawsuit out of court.

Reconciliation with siblings and return to King Center

On April 6, 2010, Martin Luther King III, brother Dexter King, and sister Bernice King issued a joint statement, announcing the re-election of Martin Luther King III as President and CEO of The King Center. "It's the right time, and Martin is in the right place to take this great organization forward," Dexter King said in a statement. Bernice King said she is "proud that my brothers and I are speaking with one voice to communicate our parents' legacy to the world." Martin King added, "We are definitely working together. My brother and sister and I are constantly in communication...It's a great time for us."[25] As president of The King Center, King has been credited with spearheading an innovative "King Center Imaging Project" in partnership with JPMorgan Chase, which is digitizing and photographing an estimated 200,000 historic documents, including his father's speeches, sermons, correspondence and other writings and making the documents available on-line to the world.[26] In addition, King launched "The King Center Audio and Visual Digitization Project" in partnership with Syracuse University which will "preserve and digitize some 3,500 hours of audio and video footage" of his father.[27] He has also developed a $100 million renovation plan to upgrade The King Center's Freedom Hall Complex, the first major improvement in the Center's site and facilities in its 30-year history.[28]

Along with Rev. Al Sharpton and a number of other civil rights leaders, on August 28, 2010, King took part in the 'Reclaim the Dream' commemorative march, marking the 47th anniversary of the historic Great March on Washington. They spoke at Dunbar High School in Washington, D.C. followed by a reassemblage at the site of the future Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial location in the center of the National Mall. The event coincided with Glenn Beck's Restoring Honor rally planned for the same day on the eastern part of the Mall.[29] King wrote a Washington Post op-ed column offering measured criticism of Beck's event:

While it is commendable that [Glenn Beck's] rally will honor the brave men and women of our armed forces... [its] organizers present this event as also honoring the ideals and contributions of Martin Luther King Jr. ...My father...would be the first to say that those participating in Beck's rally have the right to express their views. But his dream rejected hateful rhetoric and all forms of bigotry or discrimination, whether directed at race, faith, nationality, sexual orientation or political beliefs. ...Throughout his life he advocated compassion for the poor.... ...Profoundly religious..., my father did not claim to have an exclusionary "plan" that laid out God's word for only one group or ideology. ... I pray that all Americans will embrace the challenge of social justice and the unifying spirit that my father shared with his compatriots.[30]
MLK April 4, 2011 rally

On April 4, 2011, the 43rd anniversary of the assassination of his father, King helped to lead nationwide demonstrations against initiatives to eliminate and undermine collective bargaining rights of public workers in Wisconsin and other states. King led a mass march in Atlanta and spoke to a crowd of supporters at the Georgia state capitol, urging them to "defend the collective bargaining rights of teachers, bus drivers, police, firefighters and other public service workers, who educate, protect and serve our children and families." On November 17, 2011 King and AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka co-authored an article for CNN, calling for reforms to end oppressive immigration laws.[31]

In August 2013, King went to Philadelphia, where he joined Mayor Michael Nutter in announcing the city's joining of a national campaign on poverty, jobs and education.[32] To commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the March on Washington, King traveled to Washington, along with other civil rights leaders.[33] On November 21, 2013, King spoke at DePauw University regarding his memories of John F. Kennedy's assassination.[34]

King appeared on MSNBC's "The Cycle" on May 9, 2014. He was asked by co-host Touré if he believed that Democratic Party has done enough to get the overwhelming support from African-Americans it receives. King's answer is said to have shocked the host. “The party does not do enough,” he said. “It's our responsibility to hold the party accountable. And I'm not sure we do that. I think we have to find a way to hold the parties accountable. He went on to say that he believed there should be communication between African-Americans and the Tea Party Movement, saying "the only way you change is you have to be at least communicating".[35][36]

Ferguson, Missouri

In August 2014, King addressed the shooting of Michael Brown and reported that he would come to Ferguson, Missouri.[37] King was present at a rally with Michael Brown's parents on August 17.[38] On an interview with Fox News, King said his father would be "greatly disappointed" with the violence that occurred in Ferguson after the grand jury verdict.[39] King attended Brown's funeral on August 25.[40]

Other pursuits and interests

In January, 2011 it was reported that King will attempt to become a "strategic partner" in the New York Mets baseball team. "This was blown up way out of proportion,” King told the Associated Press. “While I'm not leading a group and I'm not having direct conversations...I think it is very important to promote diversity in ownership."[41] King was among the co-founders of Bounce TV, a black-oriented digital broadcasting network.

Family

In May 2006, Martin Luther King III married longtime girlfriend Andrea Waters.[42] On May 25, 2008 the couple had a daughter, Yolanda Renee King, the first and only grandchild of Martin Luther King and Coretta Scott King. She was named after her aunt, Yolanda King, who had died of a heart condition at age 51 in Santa Monica, California the previous year.[42] Yolanda Renee appeared with her family at the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington celebration, where President Obama and various leaders and other notable persons were charmed by her presence. Yolanda Renee helped her family ring a bell that once hung in Birmingham's 16th St. Baptist Church, which had been bombed 18 days after the original March On Washington, killing four young girls.[43]

Honors and awards

On February 5, 2006, King, accompanied by the nieces and nephews of Rosa Parks, presented the ceremonial coin at Super Bowl XL. The coin was then tossed by New England Patriots star and University of Michigan alum Tom Brady to end the pregame ceremonies, which included a dedication and moment of silence to the memories of Parks and Scott-King and a performance of the Star-Spangled Banner by Dr. John, Aaron Neville and Aretha Franklin accompanied by the Alabama State and Clark Atlanta University choirs.

On March 29, 2008, King threw out the first pitch at the Major League Baseball Civil Rights Game.

On September 19, 2010, King received the Ramakrishna Bajaj Memorial Global Award for outstanding contributions to the promotion of human rights at the 26th Anniversary Global Awards of the Priyadarshni Academy in Mumbai, India.[44]

On September 29, 2015, King was awarded the Humanitarian Award by the Montreal Black Film Festival.[45]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Gettleman, Jeffrey (August 5, 2001). "M.L. King III: Father's path hard to follow.". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 14, 2008.
  2. ↑ Manheimer, p. 46.
  3. ↑ Bagley, p. 148.
  4. ↑ "Martin Luther King III – A Famous Father's Advice to Parents on Bullying". Huffington Post. October 16, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  5. ↑ "King's Kids Assured Education by Belafonte". Jet. April 18, 1968.
  6. ↑ Martin Luther King III at NNDB
  7. ↑ Miller, Laurel E. (June 27, 1985). "Coretta King Arrested at Embassy". The Washington Post.
  8. ↑ "Children Of King Arrested". Chicago Tribune News. January 8, 1986.
  9. ↑ "Martin Luther King III to Run for Local Office". Los Angeles Times. June 10, 1986.
  10. ↑ Johnson, Dave (April 16, 1989). "King and Kennedy refuse Death Penalty". Los Angeles Times.
  11. ↑ "Dr. King's Son Offers Apology to Gays". Los Angeles Times. March 2, 1990.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Firestone, David (July 26, 2001). "A civil rights group suspends, then reinstates, its president". The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2008.
  13. 1 2 3 Fausset, Richard; Jarvie, Jenny (July 12, 2008). "Children of Martin Luther King Jr. embroiled in lawsuit". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 28, 2008.
  14. ↑ "Martin Luther King III Says Bodyguard Saved Mother From 'Crazy Man'". Jet. September 26, 1988.
  15. ↑ Lakshmi, Rama (February 18, 2009). "Son Marks Martin Luther King's 1959 Visit to India". Washington Post.
  16. ↑ Dick Gregory and Martin Luther King III Urge Black Men to Get Tested For Prostate Cancer. Jet. January 17, 2000.
  17. ↑ "Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Family Commemorate 32nd Anniversary Of His Death". Jet. April 24, 2000.
  18. ↑ Suggs, Ernie (August 6, 2001). "Many in SCLC Rally Behind King". The Atlanta Constitution.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 Keefe, Bob. "King family lawsuit called 'disheartening'", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, August 19, 2008. Retrieved on September 20, 2008.
  20. ↑ Waldron, Clarence (April 21, 2008). King Remembered in Memphis 40 Years After Assassination. Jet.
  21. 1 2 Rodgers, Jacob. "DNC: Martin Luther King III speaks on historic anniversary." Fort Collins Weekly, August 28, 2008. Retrieved on August 28, 2008.
  22. ↑ "Tonight we witness what has become of his dream..." New England Cable News, August 28, 2008. Retrieved on August 28, 2008.
  23. ↑ Branigin, William; Rucker, Philip (January 20, 2009). "Obama Commemorates MLK Day with Service". The Washington Post.
  24. 1 2 Haines, Errin (October 19, 2008). "AP Exclusive: MLK siblings try to justify suit". Associated Press.
  25. ↑ Chen, Eve (April 7, 2010). "King Siblings Reconcile; Martin Luther King III to Head Center Again". WXIA-TV. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
  26. ↑ Eversley, Melanie. "Martin Luther King Papers Go Online", USA Today, January 16, 2012.
  27. ↑ McDowell, Scott. "Syracuse University and The King Center announce The King Center Audio and Visual Digitization Project", Inside Syracuse University. November 16, 2011.
  28. ↑ Saporta, Maria (January 14, 2012). "MLK III's $100 million plan to upgrade the King Center". Atlanta Business Chronicle. SaportaReport.com. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
  29. ↑ Keefe, Bob; Schneider, Craig (August 27, 2010). "Conservatively speaking, thousands will crowd the National Mall". Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
  30. ↑ King, Martin Luther III (August 25, 2010). "Still striving for Milk's dream in the 21st century". Washington Post.
  31. ↑ King, Martin Luther III; Trumka, Richard (November 17, 2011). "Alabama's immigration law: Jim Crow revisited". CNN.
  32. ↑ Gregg, Cherri (August 7, 2013). "Eldest Son of Dr. MLK Visits Philadelphia As 'I Have a Dream' Anniversary Draws Near". CBS Philly.
  33. ↑ Rabouin, Dion (December 26, 2013). "Atlanta Daily World Looks Back at the Top Stories of 2013". Atlanta Daily World.
  34. ↑ Wang, Stephanie (November 21, 2013). "DePauw University welcomes Martin Luther King III". IndyStar.
  35. ↑ Quinn, Melissa (May 10, 2014). "MLK III shocks Touré: African-Americans should be engaged with the Tea Party". Red Alert Politics.
  36. ↑ "MSNBC Host Incredulous After MLK's Son Says It's 'Important To Be Engaged With The Tea Party'". The Daily Caller. May 9, 2014.
  37. ↑ "Martin Luther King III speaks on Ferguson shooting, violence". KSDK.com. August 13, 2014.
  38. ↑ Kiekow, Anthony (August 17, 2014). "Rev. Al Sharpton and Martin Luther King III lead rally for Brown family". FOX2now.com.
  39. ↑ "Martin Luther King III: My Father Would Be 'Greatly Disappointed' in Ferguson Violence". Fox. November 26, 2014.
  40. ↑ "At Michael Brown's funeral, a call for social change". CNN. August 25, 2014.
  41. ↑ "Report: King's son interested in buying into Mets". Yahoo! Sports. Associated Press. January 31, 2011. Retrieved January 31, 2011.
  42. 1 2 Zimmerman, Karl; et al. (May 26, 2008). "First MLK grandchild born". CNN. Retrieved May 26, 2008.
  43. ↑ "Martin Luther King's adorable 5-year-old granddaughter steals the show at the 50th anniversary celebration of his 'I Have a Dream Speech'". Daily Mail. 29 Aug 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
  44. ↑ Recipients of Global Awards 2010, Priyadarshni Academy, retrieved November 26, 2012
  45. ↑ "Martin Luther King III receives Humanitarian Award". CTV Montreal News. September 30, 2015.

Works cited

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