Moncrieffe v. Holder

Moncrieffe v. Holder

Argued October 10, 2012
Decided April 23, 2013
Full case name Adrian Moncrieffe, petitioner, v. Eric H. Holder Jr., Attorney General
Docket nos. 11-702
Citations

569 U.S. ___ (more)

Holding
If a noncitizen’s conviction for a marijuana distribution offense fails to establish that the offense involved either remuneration or more than a small amount of marijuana, it is not an aggravated felony under the Immigration and Nationality Act.
Court membership
Chief Justice
John G. Roberts
Case opinions
Majority Sotomayor, joined by Roberts, Scalia, Kennedy, Breyer, Ginsburg, Kagan
Dissent Thomas
Dissent Alito
Laws applied
Immigration and Nationality Act (1952)
Controlled Substances Act

Moncrieffe v. Holder , 569 U.S. ___ (2013), is a United States Supreme Court decision in which the court ruled in a 7–2 decision that "social sharing of a small amount of marijuana" by a legal immigrant does not constitute aggravated felony and hence does not require mandatory deportation.[1]

Background

Adrian Moncrieffe is a Jamaican national who has lived in the United States since he moved there in 1984 at the age of three. In 2008 he was stopped by police in Georgia for a traffic violation when they found 1.3 grams of marijuana in his car.[2] Moncrieffe pleaded guilty to the charge of marijuana possession with intent to distribute and agreed to a deal with no jail time. Two years later, immigration officials discovered the arrest and decided to detain and finally deport him, as drug trafficking charge is treated as an aggravated felony under immigration policies.[3] After Moncrieffe lost his challenge in an administrative case, he was deported back to Jamaica.

Georgia's marijuana law, like most other states define possession with intent to distribute marijuana for no remuneration and distributing a small amount of marijuana charge under the same statute, which made his case. Under federal marijuana law the prior charge is treated as a possession case if it involves a small amount of marijuana which cleared Moncrieffe from having committing an aggravated felony(i.e. drug trafficking) under immigration law.

The Fifth Circuit Court upheld the deportation order, ruling that as the prosecution was not required to prove the amount of marijuana involved, the conviction amounted to a felony under federal law. The Supreme Court granted writ of certiorari to clear up confusion in the lower courts. The federal government argued that as the distinction based on the amount of marijuana possessed was a sentencing and not a conviction issue, and, hence did not affect the deportation order.

Opinion of the Court

Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor, writing for the majority, agreed with Moncrieffe's lawyers that he was still eligible for the exception for possession of small amounts of marijuana under federal law. He would thus be able to appeal his deportation with immigration officials.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Campbell, Ryan (June 5, 2013). "Marijuana and Immigration". Huffington Post. Retrieved 7 June 2013.
  2. ↑ Denniston, Lyle. "Opinion recap: Easing a severe drug law". SCOTUS Blog. Retrieved 7 June 2013.
  3. ↑ Davis, Lee (May 11, 2013). "Supreme Court Says Small Amounts Of Marijuana Not Enough To Warrant Automatic Deportation". The Chattanoogan. Retrieved 7 June 2013.
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