Paulos Faraj Rahho

Paulos Faraj Rahho
Archbishop of the Eparchy of Mosul
See Archeparchy of Mosul
In office 12 January 2001 – 2008, Killed - body found 13 March 2008
Predecessor George Garmo
Successor Emil Shimoun Nona
Orders
Ordination 10 June 1965
Personal details
Born (1942-11-20)November 20, 1942
Mosul, Iraq
Died March 2008 (aged 65)
Mosul, Iraq
Previous post Priest

Archbishop Mar Paulos Faraj Rahho (Arabic: بولس فرج رحو‎‎, Būlus Farağ Raḥū; Syriac: ܦܘܠܘܣ ܦ̮ܪܔ ܪܚܘ‎, Paulōs Farağ Raḥō; 20 November 1942 – February or March 2008) was the Chaldean Catholic Archeparch of Mosul,[1] in the northern part of Iraq.

Also known as Paul Faraj Rahho and Paulos Faradsch Raho, he was an ethnic Assyrian, born in Mosul, where he lived almost his entire life. The city of Mosul has a long established community of Chaldean Catholics. Rahho came to worldwide attention in 2008 when he was kidnapped by gunmen and subsequently found dead in Mosul, an event that drew condemnation from the Vatican and foreign governments.[1][2]

Biography

Paulos Faraj Rahho was born to an Assyrian Catholic family in 1942. He spent nearly all his life in Mosul, a city with one of the largest and oldest Christian populations in Iraq. In 1954, he entered the St. Peter's junior and major seminary in Baghdad in order to become a priest. After his ordination on June 10, 1965 he briefly worked in Baghdad before being appointed to St. Isiah's Church in Mosul.[1] Between 1974 and 1976, Rahho completed his religious studies with a Licentiate in Theology from the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in Rome.[3]

Rahho later founded the church of the Sacred Heart in Tel Keppe, a town some 12 miles (20 km) north of Mosul. He also opened an orphanage for handicapped children.[1]

Archbishop of Mosul

On January 12, 2001, the Synod of Bishops of the Chaldean Catholic Church elected him archbishop of the Archeparchy of Mosul.[4] On February 16, 2001, he was ordained Chaldean Archbishop of Mosul, giving him responsibility for around 20,000 Catholics in ten parishes.[1] He was ordained by Mar Raphael I Bidawid, the Patriarch of Babylon. His church is known in Mosul as Safina (The Ship), but parishioners called it the Holy Spirit Church.[2]

Unease with Sharia

Rahho expressed disquiet at the moves to incorporate Sharia law more fundamentally into the Iraqi constitution, and continued throughout his life to lead worship in difficult situations.[1] During his 2007 trip to Rome, with the patriarch of Babylon Emmanuel III Delly who was then appointed cardinal, Rahho confided that he had been threatened by gunmen in his native town.[1] Following the start of the Iraq war, persecution of Christians in Iraq increased dramatically.[5] Rahho commented on the precarious situation of Chaldean Christians in an interview with Asia News shortly before his kidnapping.[1]

Kidnapping and death

Late on February 29, 2008, according to a report given by the Catholic News Service, Archbishop Rahho was kidnapped from his car in the Al-Nur district of the city; his bodyguards and driver were killed.[6] According to church officials, "gunmen sprayed the Archbishop's car with bullets, killed two bodyguards and shoved the bishop into the trunk of a car. In the darkness, he managed to pull out his cellphone and call the church, telling officials not to pay a ransom for his release" they said. "He believed that this money would not be paid for good works and would be used for killing and more evil actions," the officials said.[7] Other reports stated that also investigators believed the archbishop may have been shot at the time of the kidnapping.[8]

The kidnappers demanded Christians contribute to the jihad, through jizya.[9] The captors also demanded the release of Arab (non-Iraqi) detainees and that they be paid $3 million for Rahho's release.[9] The kidnappers also demanded that Iraqi Christians form a militia to fight the US forces.[10]

On March 13, 2008, it was reported that the Archbishop's body had been found buried in a shallow grave near Mosul.[11][12] Officials of the Chaldean Church in Iraq said they had received a call telling them where the body was buried. Reports over the cause of death were contradictory.[13] An official of the morgue in Mosul said the archbishop, who had health problems, including high blood pressure and diabetes, might have died of natural causes. Police at the Mosul morgue said the Archbishop "appeared to have been dead a week and his body bore no bullet wounds".[13] Nineveh Deputy Governor Khasro Goran stated that when relatives and authorities went to the location specified by the kidnappers and found the body, it had "gunshot wounds".[8] The identity of those behind his murder is disputed. Some Assyrians within the community believe Al-Qaida and other Sunni Arab factions were behind the murder. Other Christians in Mosul, including the archbishop’s family, believe that it was the Kurds who ordered his assassination.[14] Kurdish authorities ordered an investigation and subsequently made several arrests, though their reports have failed to convince the family.

Archbishop Paulos Faraj Rahho is believed to be the highest-ranking Chaldean Catholic clergyman to have been killed in the Iraq war.[15] The funeral services were held in the town of Karamlesh, with Chaldean Catholic Cardinal Emmanuel Delly in presence.

International reactions

Aftermath

One of the killers, named Ahmed Ali Ahmed, was found and arrested. Ahmed was an Al-Qaida in Iraq cell leader in Mosul. On 19 May 2008, the Iraqi Central Criminal Court sentenced Ahmed to death. [23] However, high representatives of the Chaldean Catholic Church opposed the death sentence. [24] [25] In his will, Rahho called upon the Iraqi Assyrian Christian community to work with Muslim and Yazidi Iraqis to develop ties across religious divisions within Iraq.[26]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Archbishop Paul Faraj Rahho: The Times obituary. 14 March 2008.
  2. 1 2 Kidnapped Iraqi Archbishop Is Dead, The New York Times, March 14, 2008.
  3. ↑ http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/apr/01/catholicism.religion Accessed 1 March 2014
  4. ↑ "Assenso all'elezione dell'Arcivescovo di Mossul dei Caldei". Holy See Press Office. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
  5. ↑ Allbritton, Christopher (2004-09-20). "Iraq's Persecuted Christians". Time.
  6. ↑ "Kidnappers take Iraqi Archbishop, Kill his three companions". Catholic News Service. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
  7. ↑ Goode, Erica (2008-03-14). "Kidnapped Iraqi Archbishop Is Dead". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
  8. 1 2 "Source: U.S. sent severed fingers of Iraq kidnap victims". CNN. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
  9. 1 2 Kidnappers of Mosul bishop, raise the ransom
  10. ↑ Archbishop’s kidnappers demand to form Christian militia, by Aswat Al-Iraq (Voices of Iraq.)
  11. ↑ Pullella, Philip (2008-03-13). "Iraqi archbishop found dead, al Qaeda blamed". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-03-13..
  12. ↑ "Kidnapped Iraqi archbishop dead". BBC News. 2008-03-13. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
  13. 1 2 "Iraqi police, Mehdi militia clash despite truce". Reuters. 2008-03-14. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
  14. ↑ "Iraq's New Battlefront: The Struggle over Ninewa". International Crisis Group (ICG). Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  15. ↑ "Christians besieged in Iraq". BBC News. 2008-03-13. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
  16. ↑ Pullella, Philip (2008-03-13). "Pope says Iraq archbishop death "inhuman violence"". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
  17. ↑ Nicole Winfield, "Pope: Enough with slaughters in Iraq," , Associated Press, online, March 16, 2008.
  18. ↑ "Iraqi archbishop's killing condemned". Radio New Zealand News. Archived from the original on February 7, 2012. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
  19. ↑ "Killing of Iraq archbishop 'appalling,' says Miliband". Iranian Islamic Republic News Agency. Archived from the original on March 18, 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
  20. ↑ "Bush condemns Iraq archbishop's 'murder'". AFP. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
  21. ↑ "AAI Statement on the Kidnapping of Chaldean Archbishop Paulos Faraj Rahho". Retrieved 2008-03-15.
  22. ↑ "Weeping Christians bury Iraqi archbishop". AFP. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
  23. ↑ "Iraq to execute al Qaeda leader in bishop murder". Reuters. 2008-05-18. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
  24. ↑ "Iraqi Bishop Assails Execution of Prelate's Abductor". ZENIT. 2008-05-20. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
  25. ↑ "Catholic World News : Iraqi bishops oppose execution of prelate's convicted killer". Catholic World Nes. 2008-05-20. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
  26. ↑ ankawa.com » Blog Archive » Love for our “Muslim brothers and for Iraq” in Mgr Rahho’s Will
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Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
Mar George Garmo		 Chaldean Catholic Archbishop of Mosul
2001 – 2008 		Succeeded by
Emil Shimoun Nona

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