Pavlohrad

Pavlograd

Flag
Coat of arms
Country  Ukraine
Oblast Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Raion Pavlohrad City Council
Established 1779
City rights 1784
Government
 • Mayor Anatoliy Vershina
Area
 • Total 59.3 km2 (22.9 sq mi)
Highest elevation 71 m (233 ft)
Population (2014)
 • Total 109 739
Postal code 51400-51429
Area code(s) +380-5632
Website http://pavlograd-official.org/
City government building

Pavlograd[1] (Ukrainian: Павлогра́д, pronounced [pɑwɫɔɦˈrɑd]; Russian: Павлогра́д) is an industrial city in eastern Ukraine, located within the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Administratively, Pavlohrad is incorporated as the town of oblast significance and serves as the administrative center of Pavlohrad Raion which it does not belong to. Population: 110,070 (2013 est.)[2]. It had a population of 118,800 in 2001.

The rivers of Vovcha (runs through the city 12.85 kilometres (7.98 mi) towards the Samara River), Hnizdka (3.9 kilometres (2.4 mi)), Kocherha (2.9 kilometres (1.8 mi)) flow through Pavlohrad. The area of the city is 59.3 square kilometres (22.9 sq mi). There are 20 schools and 1 lyceum in the city.

History

Pavlohrad is one of the oldest settlements in Dnipropetrovsk oblast. The first references to it are from the 17th century. At the beginning of the 1770s Zaporozhian Cossack Matvei Khizhnyak built winter quarters, which soon became known as sloboda Matveevka. In 1779 Matveevka was renamed to Luganskoe, as the latter became headquarters of the Luhansk pikemen regiment headed by M. I. Golinishchev-Kutuzov. With the establishment of Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty, Pavlohrad, named in honor of Paul І, became a part of this administrative unit as a district town. In 1784 Pavlohrad received city status.

There were 426 homes and 2419 inhabitants in the city at the end of 18th century. The citizens of Pavlograd lived in wattle and daub. The first stone building was Svyato-Vosnesensky Cathedral on Soborna ploshcha (eng.: cathedral square). The first blazon of the city was affirmed on July 29, 1811, the second one on September 26, 1979. The first citizens were Cossacks of Samarsky and Kalmiussky Palanki and demobilized military. The city plan was created by Scottish architect W. Geste and was affirmed by emperor Nicholas I on July 31, 1831.

Litvinskiy house

In 1871 local merchant A.K.Shalin was elected the first head of the city. The central street was named after him (ul. Shalinskaya, (eng: Shalinky street)later renamed ul. Lenina, (eng.: Lenin street)). Merchant of ІІ Guild A.V.Permanin was elected as city governor in 1892. Under his leadership the city started to develop rapidly: a lot of churches, temples, barracks, gymnasiums, factories and plants were built.

Vernicle Cathedral Pavlograd
Dormition Cathedral Pavlograd

In 1896, "Earl's Theatre" was built by the Golenishchev-Kutuzov family. In the 1870s a railway was built between St. Petersburg and Simferopol, passing through Pavlohrad.

In 1930 there was an uprising against Soviet rule in Pavlohrad. From 1780 to 1941, a significantJewish community existed in the city. The pre-Holocaust Jewish population was approximately 4,000. The city was destroyed during Nazi occupation in 1941. During the Holocaust, a concentration camp was located in Pavlohrad and a large part of the community died during the war and during the mass executions. The Pavlohrad Jewish cemetery contains not only Jewish, but also Christian burials, which were agreed to by the leaders of the local Jewish community in 1995.[3] On May 22, 2011, it was reported that unknown persons desecrated the cemetery in the town - tombstones were turned over and broken as what seems to be an anti-Semitic act.[4]

Pavlohrad Mechanical Plant

The city is home to Pavlohrad Mechanical Plant (PMZ) that was established in December 1963 as a specialized production facility of the Plant no. 586 (now Pivdenmash Production Association). PMZ is a factory dedicated to assembly, perfection and production of solid-fueled rocket engines and missiles. By 1975 PMZ became the largest solid-rocket factory within the Ministry of General Machine Building of USSR. PMZ made fuel tanks for booster rockets and plastic ICBM rocket motor casings; parts, components, and assemblies for aerospace systems manufacturing.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Pavlohrad is twinned with:

References

  1. ↑ "Alexeenko, Fyodor Nikitich (1882-1904)". jstor.org. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  2. ↑ "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  3. ↑ "PAVLOHRAD JEWISH CEMETERY". lo-tishkach. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  4. ↑ "Cemetery desecrated". CFCA. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
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Coordinates: 48°31′0″N 35°52′0″E / 48.51667°N 35.86667°E / 48.51667; 35.86667

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