Dodge Shadow

Dodge Shadow
Overview
Manufacturer	Chrysler Corporation
Also called	Chrysler ES Chrysler Shadow Plymouth Sundance
Production	1986–1994
Model years	1987-1994
Assembly	United States: Sterling Heights, Michigan (Sterling Heights Assembly) Mexico: Toluca, Mexico State (Toluca Car Assembly)
Body and chassis
Class	C-segment
Body style	2-door convertible (Shadow only) 4-door sedan 3-door hatchback 5-door hatchback
Layout	Transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive
Platform	Chrysler P platform
Related	Shelby CSX
Powertrain
Engine	2.2 L K I4 (gasoline) 2.2 L Turbo I I4 (turbocharged gasoline) 2.2 L Turbo IV I4 (turbocharged gasoline) 2.5 L K I4 (gasoline) 2.5 L Turbo I I4 (turbocharged gasoline) 3.0 L 6G72 V6 (gasoline)
Transmission	3-speed A413 automatic 4-speed A604 automatic 5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	97.0 in (2,464 mm) (1987-1992) 97.2 in (2,469 mm) (1993-1994)
Length	171.9 in (4,366 mm) (1987-1989) 171.7 in (4,361 mm) (1990-1992) 171.9 in (4,366 mm) (1993-1994)
Width	67.3 in (1,709 mm)
Height	52.7 in (1,339 mm) (1987–1989) 52.6 in (1,336 mm) (1990) 52.7 in (1,339 mm) (1991–1993) 53.1 in (1,349 mm) (1994)
Curb weight	2,608 lb (1,183 kg) (3-door) 2,643 lb (1,199 kg) (5-door)
Chronology
Predecessor	Dodge Charger / Plymouth Turismo Dodge Omni / Plymouth Horizon Renault Alliance
Successor	Dodge / Plymouth Neon

The Dodge Shadow and Plymouth Sundance are economical 3-door and 5-door hatchbacks that were introduced for the 1987 model year. For 1991, a 2-door convertible variant was added to the Shadow lineup; but not the Sundance lineup. The 3-door hatchback model replaced the Dodge Charger (L-body) model, while the 5-door hatchback model replaced the Dodge Omni model; of their respective marque. With the 1987 acquisition of American Motors by Chrysler from Renault, the Shadow/Sundance also replaced the American Motors-built Renault Alliance sedan and convertible, marking the official withdrawal of Renault from the United States and Canadian markets.

The first vehicle rolled out of Sterling Heights Assembly on August 25, 1986. In late 1988, production of the Mexican market version called the Chrysler Shadow began at Toluca Car Assembly. The Shadow/Sundance was also sold in Europe from 1988 to 1991 as the Chrysler ES. Production ended on March 9, 1994, with the Shadow/Sundance being replaced by the Chrysler Neon.

Design

The Shadow/Sundance employed a variant of the K-car platform, the P-body, which was based on a combination of the Dodge Daytona's suspension (alongside some of its interior styling cues) with a shortened version of the Dodge Lancer's body. While they appeared to have a trunk, it was actually a hatchback. Chrysler considered this a special feature and advertising literature referred to it as "hidden hatchback versatility". The relatively large storage capacity of these vehicles was a major selling point for the company. The Peugeot 309 which had been developed to replace the European Chrysler Horizon used a similar layout.

Safety

A motorized passenger's side seat belt was added to US-market Shadows/Sundances in 1994, to comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208's requirement for passive restraints. These motorized seat belts do not comply with Canada's safety standards; Canadian-market Shadows/Sundances continued to use a manual passenger seatbelt, and 1994 Sundances/Shadows cannot legally be imported across the US-Canada border in either direction.^[1][2]

At the time, the Shadow/Sundance was the lowest-priced car on the market with a standard driver's side airbag, which had been made standard on all US-market domestic Chrysler Corporation cars in 1990. Giving them a remarkable crash test rating for a car its size at the time.

1991-1993 Shadow/Sundance NHTSA scores^{[3][4][5][6][7][8]}

Year	Frontal Driver	Frontal Passenger
1991
1992
1993

Engines

The Shadow/Sundance was offered with variety of four cylinder engines, all either of 2.2 or 2.5 L, some were turbocharged. Naturally aspirated versions were fuel injected, except those sold in Mexico. The engines were tuned for torque rather than horsepower, resulting in horsepower and torque numbers that appear to be reversed from competitors such as the Honda Civic. A Mitsubishi-built 3.0 L V6 engine was added later, replacing the turbocharged engines. All engines were available with a five-speed manual transmission, while a 3 speed automatic was optional on the four cylinder equipped cars and a 4-speed automatic transmission was optional on the V6 powered cars.

1987–94 Shadow/Sundance engines

Years	Engine	Power	Torque	Notes
1987–94	2.2 L K I4	93 hp (69 kW)	122 lb·ft (165 N·m)
1987–88	2.2 L Turbo I I4	146 hp (109 kW)	170 lb·ft (230 N·m)
1988–94	2.5 L K I4	100 hp (75 kW)	135 lb·ft (183 N·m)
1989–92	2.5 L Turbo I I4	150 hp (110 kW)	190 lb·ft (260 N·m)	Shadow
1989–91				Sundance
1990	2.2 L Turbo IV I4	175 hp (130 kW)	205 lb·ft (278 N·m)	Shadow
1992–94	3.0 L 6G72 V6	141 hp (105 kW)	171 lb·ft (232 N·m)

Year to year changes

1991 Dodge Shadow convertible

• 1989, the Shadow/Sundance received a facelift, with the sealed-beam headlamps discarded in favor of more aerodynamic composite units. All-new grilles and tail lights were among the changes as well.
• 1990, the manual transmission was modified to make shifting into reverse easier by moving from the "left of first" position to the " below fifth gear" position.
• 1991, a convertible version of the Shadow debuted, the same year the coupe and sedan models' "base" submodel was split into the entry-level "America" or S (S was used on Canadian market versions) version and mid-level Highline submodels.
• 1992, a Mitsubishi-built 3.0 L V6 was added to the lineup, replacing the turbocharged engines.
• 1993, a low pressure Bendix-4 ABS was available.

Options

1989 Plymouth Sundance RS

Features varied with years, but some features included: power windows, power adjustable mirrors, power door locks, power adjustable driver seat, cruise control, tilt steering wheel, variable intermittent delay windshield wipers, overhead console with map lights and compass/temperature display, upgraded "highline" instrument cluster with tachometer, "light package" that added lighting in the trunk, glove box, under-hood mounted light and rear door dome light switches (4 door models), remote trunk release, rear window defroster, Fog lights, mag wheels, Four wheel disc brakes, Infinity sound system, a cassette player, a sunroof, anti-lock brake systems and on turbocharger equipped cars, there was also a vacuum/boost gauge and a message center that monitored four vehicle functions, door ajar, washer fluid level, etc..

Trim levels

Hatchback:

• Base 1987-1990, 1993-1994
• America/S 1991-1992
• Highline 1991-1992
• ES 1987-1994 (Shadow)
• RS 1988-1991 (Sundance)
• Duster 1992-1994 (Sundance)

Convertible:

• ES 1991-1993
• Highline 1991-1993

Plymouth Sundance

1987–1988 Plymouth Sundance 3-door

For the Sundance's first year, it was available in a single base model. For 1988, a higher-end RS model was available. The RS model, which stood for Rally Sport, came with standard features that included two-tone paint, fog lights, and a leather-wrapped steering wheel. It was also available with a turbocharged 2.2L I4 engine, and other amenities like an Infinity sound system, tinted window glass, and dual power mirrors. For 1991, the base split into two distinct models: entry-level America and mid-level Highline, in addition to the high-end RS. The stripped-down America, had previously been offered for the Plymouth Horizon's final year in 1990.

For 1992, the RS model was dropped, in favor of the revival of the Duster name for a performance version of the Sundance. The Duster featured a 3.0 L V6, special alloy wheels, "Duster" graphics, a body-colored grille & trim, as well as other equipment. Although the Sundance was criticized by some as being a poor choice to bear the "Duster" name, the car offered very good performance and decent handling at a low cost (only about $2,000 more than a base Sundance), which was said to be part of the reason why Chrysler used the "Duster" name, as those were the qualities the original car offered.

For the 1993 model year the America model was replaced by a better-equipped base model, the Highline would also be dropped for 1993.

European market

Between April 1988 and mid-1991, Chrysler offered the Dodge Shadow in numerous European markets. Called Chrysler ES, it was based on the Dodge Shadow ES and was relatively the same vehicle, only without the "Shadow"-badge. Offered only as a 3-door hatchback, the standard engine was the fuel injected 2.2 L, with an optional turbocharger. For 1989, the 2.2 L was replaced by the more modern 2.5 L unit. Engines were linked to a standard five-speed manual transmission, with a three-speed automatic available as an extra-cost option. As European sales figures turned out to be very poor, sales of the Chrysler ES ended in mid-1991, leaving the segment without any direct successor until the introduction of the Chrysler Neon in 1995.

Shelby CSX

Shelby CSX

Carroll Shelby Enterprises modified Shadows into several performance-oriented vehicles such as the Shelby CSX, which was equipped with a turbocharged 2.2 L engine producing 174 hp (130 kW). Because of the car's light weight and good engine in an era of government emissions choked engines, it was capable of acceleration equal or greater than that of many contemporary muscle and sports cars of the time. A version without the intercooler, rated at 150 hp (112 kW), was sold to Thrifty as the CSX-T.

References

1. "How to import". Registrar of Imported Vehicles. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
2. "Federal Motor Vehicle Standards and Regulations - Standard No. 208". U.S. Department of Transportation. March 1999. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
3. "1991 Dodge Shadow 4-DR. | Safercar - NHTSA". Safercar.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-26.
4. "1992 Dodge Shadow 4-DR. | Safercar - NHTSA". Safercar.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-26.
5. "1993 Dodge Shadow 4-DR. | Safercar - NHTSA". Safercar.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-26.
6. "1991 Plymouth Sundance 4-DR. | Safercar - NHTSA". Safercar.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-26.
7. "1992 Plymouth Sundance 4-DR. | Safercar - NHTSA". Safercar.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-26.
8. "1993 Plymouth Sundance 4-DR. | Safercar - NHTSA". Safercar.gov. Retrieved 2013-12-26.

External links

• Allpar Shadow/Sundance section - Dodge Shadow/Plymouth Sundance and Shelby CSX site