Port authority

In Canada and the United States, port authority (less commonly a port district) is a governmental or quasi-governmental public authority for a special-purpose district usually formed by a legislative body (or bodies) to operate ports and other transportation infrastructure.

Most port authorities are financially self-supporting. In addition to owning land, setting fees, and sometimes levying taxes, port districts can also operate shipping terminals, airports, railroads, and irrigation facilities.

Port authorities are usually governed by boards or commissions, which are commonly appointed by governmental chief executives, often from different jurisdictions.^[1] In Canada, the federal Minister of Transport selects the local chief executive board member and the rest of the board is appointed at the recommendation of port users to the federal Minister; while all Canadian port authorities have a federal or Crown charter called Letters Patent.

In Mexico, the federal government created sixteen port administrations in 1994–1995 called Administración Portuaria Integral (API) in Spanish, as result of the Ley de Puertos of 1993. These are organized as variable capital corporations (Sociedad Anónima de Capital Variable or S.A. de C.V.), with the intent of creating more private investment in a state owned sector.

Numerous Caribbean nations also have port authorities, including those of Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Bahamas, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, St. Vincent and the Grenadines.^[2]

Central and South America also have port agencies such as autoridad and consorcio (authority and consortium).

Port authorities and districts

The distinction between inland and being marine is occasionally open to discussion. No distinction is made here between river and Great Lakes ports.

Canada

The Minister of Transport is ultimately responsible for her patronage of Canadian port authorities, a useful map of which is electronically available at Transport Canada.^[3]

Port authorities

With date of Letters Patent.

Atlantic Belledune, 29 March 2000 Halifax, 1 March 1999 Saint John, 1 May 1999 Sept-Îles, 1 May 1999 St. John's, NL, 1 May 1999 Great Lakes Hamilton, 1 May, 2001[4] Oshawa, 10 February 2012 Thunder Bay, 1 July 1999 Toronto, 8 June 1999 Windsor, 1 July 1999

Pacific Fraser River,[5] 1 May 1999 Nanaimo, 1 July 1999 North Fraser, 1 July 1999 Port Alberni, 1 July 1999 Port Metro Vancouver, 1 January 2008 Prince Rupert, 1 May 1999 Vancouver, 1 March 1999 St. Lawrence Seaway Montréal, 1 March 1999 Québec, 1 May 1999 Saguenay, 1 May 1999 Trois Rivières, 1 May 1999

Other agencies

• Transport Canada^[6]
• St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation^[7]
• Canada Ports Corporation

Former agency

• National Harbours Board

United States

Charter date in parenthesis.

Atlantic Bridgeport Port Authority, CT (1992) Canaveral Port Authority, FL (1939) City of Richmond Port Commission, VA (1982) Chesapeake Port Authority, MD and VA (1987) Dade County Seaport Department, Miami, FL (1960) Delaware River Port Authority, NJ and PA (1951) Diamond State Port Corporation/Port of Wilmington, DE (1994) Eastport Port Authority, ME (1977) Port Everglades, FL (1927) Georgia Ports Authority (1945) Jacksonville Port Authority (1963) Port of Miami Maine Port Authority Maryland Port Administration (1971) Massachusetts Port Authority (1956) New Hampshire State Port Authority (1957) Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (1921) North Carolina State Ports Authority (1945) Port of Palm Beach District (1915) Philadelphia Regional Port Authority, PA (1989) Port of Fernandina (1807) OHPA (1985) Port of Ponce, PR (1911) Puerto Rico Ports Authority (1942) Putnam County Port Authority, FL (1967) South Carolina State Ports Authority (1942) South Jersey Port Corporation, NJ (1968) Virgin Islands Port Authority, VI (1969) Virginia Port Authority, VA (1970) Westover Metropolitan Development Corporation (1974) Gulf of Mexico Alabama State Port Authority, (2000) Port of Beaumont Navigation District of Jefferson County, TX (1949) Greater Baton Rouge Port Commission, LA (1952) Brazos River Harbor Navigation District, Freeport,TX (1927) Brownsville Navigation District (1925) Calhoun County Navigation District, Port Lavaca/Point Comfort, TX (1953) Port of Corpus Christi Authority (1926) Port of Galveston (1825) Port of Houston Authority (1910) Jackson County Port Authority, Pascagoula, MS (1956) Lake Charles Port Harbor & Terminal District, LA (1924) Manatee County Port Authority, FL (1967) Mississippi State Port Authority/Gulfport (1960) Orange County Navigation Port District, TX[8] (1953) Board of Commissioners of the New Orleans, LA (1896) Port of Pensacola, FL (1976) Harbor & Terminal District Plaquemines Port, LA (1977) Panama City Port Authority, FL (1979) Port of Port Arthur Navigation District, TX (1963) Port Isabel-San Benito Navigation District, TX (1928) South Louisiana Port Commission, (1968) Harbor & Terminal District St. Bernard Port Harbor, LA (1981) Tampa Port Authority, FL (1945)

Great Lakes / St. Lawrence Seaway Albany Port District Commission (1925) Brown County Board of Harbor Commissioners, Green Bay, WI (1965) Port of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio Detroit/Wayne County Port Authority (1978) Duluth Seaway Port Authority, MN (1929) Erie-Western Pennsylvania Port Authority (1962) Fairfield County Port Authority, OH (2014)[9] Illinois International Port District, Chicago (1955) Indiana Port Commission (1961) Lorain Port Authority, OH (1964) Port of Milwaukee Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority, Buffalo (1967) Ogdensburg Bridge and Port Authority, NY Port of Pittsburgh Commission, Pittsburgh, PA (1992) Port of Oswego Authority, NY (1955) Port of Stockton (1932) Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority (1955) Waukegan Port District (1955) Pacific Port of Anacortes[10] WA (1926) Anchorage Port Commission, AK (1946) Port of Astoria, OR (1910) Port of Bellingham (1920) Port of Brookings-Harbor (1956) Port of Coos Bay (1909) Port of Everett,[11] WA (1917) Port of Grays Harbor[12] (1911) Port Authority of Guam (1975) Humboldt Bay Harbor Recreation & Conservation District, CA (1970) Long Beach City Harbor Department, CA (1909) Port of Longview, Washington (1921) Los Angeles City Harbor Department, CA (1907) Port of Newport, OR (1964) Port of Oakland, CA (1926) Port of Olympia (1922) Oxnard Harbor District, Hueneme, CA (1937) Port of Kalama, WA (1921) Port of Longview, WA (1922) Port of Port Angeles, WA (1923) Port of Portland, OR (1891) Port of Redwood City (1937) Port of Richmond, CA (1982) Commonwealth Ports Authority of Saipan, MP (1981) Port of Sacramento, CA (1947) Port of San Diego (1962) San Francisco Port Commission (1969) Port of Seattle (1911) Port of Siuslaw, OR (1909) Port of Skamania County, WA[13] (1964) Port of Tacoma (1918) Port of Vancouver, WA (1912) Inland Rivers Port of Pittsburgh (1992) Ports of Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky (2000)

Mexico

Listed from northwest to southeast. API is Administración Portuaria Integral.

Pacific API de Ensenada[14] API de Guaymas[15] API de Topolobampo[16] API de Mazatlán[17] API de Puerto Vallarta[18] API de Manzanillo[19] API de Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacan[20] API de Salina Cruz[21] API de Puerto Madero (Puerto Chiapas)[22]

Gulf of Mexico API de Altamira[23] API de Tampico[24] API de Túxpan[25] API de Veracruz[26] API de Coatzacoalcos[27] API de Campeche[28] API de Dos Bocas[29] API de Progreso[30] API de Quintana Roo[31]

Caribbean

• Port Authority of Jamaica, Jamaica
• Barbados Port Authority, Barbados
• Grand Bahama Port Authority, The Bahamas

Central America

• Autoridad Marítima de Panamá^[32]
• Comisión Portuaria Nacional, Guatemala^[33]
• Dirección General de Puertos Empresa Nacional Portuaria, Honduras^[34]
• JAPDEVA – Atlantic Port Authority, Costa Rica^[35]

Middle East

• Israel Port Authority
• General Organization of Sea Ports, Bahrain

Asia Pacific

• Sri Lanka Ports Authority
• Port of Shanghai
• Port of Singapore
• Port of Kaohsiung
• Port of Niihama
• Port of Kitakyūshū
• Bintulu Port Authority
• Port Qasim Authority
• Gwadar Port Authority
• Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority
• Busan Port Authority

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom operators of ports and harbours become de facto Port Authorities under several pieces of legislation. Examples include the:-

• Mersey Docks and Harbour Company
• Port of London Authority

See also

• American Association of Port Authorities
• List of North American ports
• Trust port

References

1. "History of the Port Authority movement and ports governance in the U.S. and Canada" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-08-08.
2. "AAPA members". Aapa-ports.org. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
3. Transport Canada: "Map Indicating Port Authorities Across Canada"
4. "Letters Patent issued to the Hamilton Port Authority". Archived from the original on 2013-05-23.
5. "fraserportauthority.com". fraserportauthority.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
6. "tc.gc.ca". tc.gc.ca. 2011-09-30. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
8. "Home". Port of Orange. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
9. http://www.co.fairfield.oh.us/dev/Fairfield-County-Port-Authority.htm
10. "portofanacortes.com". portofanacortes.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
11. "portofeverett.com". portofeverett.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
12. "portofgraysharbor.com". portofgraysharbor.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
13. "portofskamania.org". portofskamania.org. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
14. "puertoensenada.com.mx". puertoensenada.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
15. "puertodeguaymas.com". puertodeguaymas.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
16. "apitopo.com.mx". apitopo.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
17. "apimazatlan.com.mx". apimazatlan.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
18. "apivta.com". apivta.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
19. "apimanzanillo.com.mx". apimanzanillo.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
20. "apilac.com.mx". apilac.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
21. "apisal.com.mx". apisal.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
22. Archived September 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
23. "puertoaltamira.com.mx". puertoaltamira.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
24. "puertodetampico.com.mx". puertodetampico.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
25. tuxpanport.com.mx
26. "apiver.com". apiver.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
27. "apicoatza.com". apicoatza.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
28. "Administración Portuaria Integral Campeche". Fis.com. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
29. "apidosbocas.com". apidosbocas.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-03. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
30. "puerto-progreso.com.mx". puerto-progreso.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
31. "apiqroo.com.mx". apiqroo.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
32. "amp.gob.pa". amp.gob.pa. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
33. "cpn.gob.gt". cpn.gob.gt. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
34. "enp.hn". enp.hn. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
35. "japdeva.go.cr". japdeva.go.cr. Retrieved 2012-08-08.

External links

• General Organization of Sea Port – Bahrain
• Washington Ports - What is a port district?
• Port of Allyn – Port district FAQ
• International Association of Ports and Harbors
• American Association of Port Authorities
• Largest ports in the U.S. from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers