President of Ecuador

President of the Republic of Ecuador
Presidente de la República del Ecuador

Presidential Standard
Incumbent
Rafael Correa
since January 15, 2007
Style Mr. President
Residence Carondelet Palace
Appointer Direct popular election
Term length Four years
renewable indefinitely
Inaugural holder Juan José Flores
Formation September 22, 1830
Website Official website
Ecuador
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Ecuador

The President of the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: Presidente de la República del Ecuador) serves as both the head of state and head of government of Ecuador, is the highest political office in the country as the head of the executive branch of government. As per the current Constitution, the President can serve two four-year terms. Prior to that, the president could only serve one four-year term. The current President of Ecuador is Rafael Correa, first elected in 2006. Correa was re-elected to a second term in 2009, and to a third term in 2013.

History

The Presidency of Ecuador has been marked by periods of instability, causing the office to change presidents frequently throughout the history of the country. At least five times, the duties of the president have been charged to a provisional government or a military junta. Often, the office has been left to an interim or acting president, many of whom would go on to become president. The President who has served the most terms in office is José María Velasco Ibarra, who served five. Before current re-elected president Rafael Correa, the last president to serve out his complete term in office was Sixto Durán Ballén, who served from 1992 to 1996.

List of Presidents of Ecuador

No. Picture Name
(Birth–Death)		 Began office Left office Party Title(s)
1 Juan José Flores
(1800–1864)		 May 3, 1830 September 10, 1834 Independent Jéfe Supremo (May 3, 1830 – August 14, 1830)
Provisional President (August 14, 1830 – September 22, 1830)
President (September 22, 1830 – September 10, 1834)
2 Vicente Rocafuerte
(1783–1847)		 September 10, 1834 January 31, 1839 Independent Jéfe Supremo of Guayas (September 10, 1834 – June 22, 1835)
Jéfe Supremo Chief of the State (June 22, 1835 – August 8, 1835)
President (August 8, 1835 – January 31, 1839)
(1) Juan José Flores
(1800–1864)		 February 1, 1839 March 6, 1845 Independent President (February 1, 1839 – January 15, 1843)
Provisional President (January 15, 1843 – April 1, 1843)
President (April 1, 1843 – March 6, 1845)
— José Joaquín de Olmedo
(1780–1847)		 March 7, 1845 December 8, 1845 Independent Head of Provisional Government
3 Vicente Ramón Roca
(1792–1858)		 December 8, 1845 October 15, 1849 Independent President
— Manuel de Ascásubi
(1804–1876)		 October 15, 1849 December 7, 1850 Independent Interim President
4 Diego Noboa
(1789–1870)		 December 8, 1850 September 12, 1851 Independent Interim President (December 8, 1850 – February 25, 1851)
President (February 26, 1851 – September 13, 1851)
5 José María Urvina
(1808–1891)		 July 24, 1851 October 15, 1856 Independent Jéfe Supremo (July 24, 1851 – July 17, 1852)
Interim President (July 17, 1852 – September 6, 1852)
President (September 6, 1852 – October 15, 1856)
6 Francisco Robles
(1811–1893)		 October 16, 1856 August 31, 1859 Independent President
Governments of the Crisis
Provisional Government of Quito September 4, 1859 January 10, 1861 Members:
Gabriel García Moreno
Jerónimo Carrión
Plácido Chiriboga
Rafael Carvajal
Government of Cuenca May 6, 1859 November 13, 1859 Leaders:
Jerónimo Carrión (May 6, 1859 – 7 May 1859)
Francisco Robles and Guillermo Franco (May 8, 1859 – September 27, 1859)
Ramón Borrero (September 27, 1859 – November 13, 1859; with Quito)
Supreme Leadership of Guayas August 21, 1859 September 24, 1860 Leader:
Guillermo Franco
Cañar and Azuay (with Guayas) November 13, 1859 March 3, 1860 Leader:
Mariano Moreno
Federal Government of Loja September 18, 1859 March 23, 1860 Leader:
Manuel Carrión Pinzano
7 Gabriel García Moreno
(1821–1875)		 January 17, 1861 August 30, 1865 Conservative Party Interim President (January 17, 1861 – April 2, 1861)
President (April 2, 1861 – August 30, 1865)
— Rafael Carvajal
(1818–1881)		 August 31, 1865 September 7, 1865 Conservative Party Acting President
8 Jerónimo Carrión
(1804–1873)		 September 7, 1865 November 6, 1867 Conservative Party President
— Pedro José de Arteta
(1797–1873)		 November 7, 1867 January 20, 1868 Conservative Party Acting President
9 Javier Espinosa
(1815–1870)		 January 20, 1868 January 19, 1869 Conservative Party President
— Gabriel García Moreno
(1821–1875)		 January 19, 1869 May 19, 1869 Conservative Party Interim President
— Manuel de Ascásubi
(1804–1876)		 May 19, 1869 August 10, 1869 Conservative Party Interim President
(7) Gabriel García Moreno
(1821–1875)		 August 10, 1869 August 6, 1875 Conservative Party President
— Francisco Xavier León
(1832–1880)		 August 6, 1875 September 15, 1875 Conservative Party Interim President
— José Javier Eguiguren
(1816–1884)		 September 15, 1875 December 9, 1875 Conservative Party Interim President
10 Antonio Borrero
(1827–1911)		 December 9, 1875 September 8, 1876 Conservative Party President
11 Ignacio de Veintemilla
(1828–1908)		 September 8, 1876 January 10, 1883 Military Jéfe Supremo (September 8, 1876 – January 26, 1878)
President (April 21, 1878 – March 26, 1882)
Jéfe Supremo (March 26, 1882 – January 10, 1883)
Governments of the Restoration
"Pentevirato Quiteño" January 14, 1883 October 15, 1883 Members:
José María Plácido Caamaño
Luis Cordero
Agustín Guerrero
Pedro Lizarzaburu
Rafael Pérez Pareja
Supreme Leadership of Manabí and Esmeraldas June 5, 1883 October 15, 1883 Leader:
Eloy Alfaro
Supreme Leadership of Guayas July 10, 1883 October 15, 1883 Leader:
Pedro Carbo
12 José Plácido Caamaño
(1837–1901)		 October 15, 1883 June 30, 1888 Conservative Party Interim President (October 15, 1883 – February 10, 1884)
President (February 10, 1884 – June 30, 1888)
— Pedro José Cevallos
(1830–1892)		 July 1, 1888 August 17, 1888 Conservative Party Acting President
13 Antonio Flores Jijón
(1833–1915)		 August 17, 1888 June 10, 1892 Republican Union Party President
14 Luis Cordero Crespo
(1833–1912)		 July 1, 1892 April 16, 1895 Republican Union Party President
— Vicente Lucio Salazar
(1832–1896)		 April 16, 1895 June 5, 1895 Conservative Party Acting President
15 Eloy Alfaro
(1842–1912)		 June 5, 1895 August 31, 1901 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Jéfe Supremo (June 5, 1895 – October 9, 1896)
Interim President (October 9, 1896 – January 17, 1897)
President (January 17, 1897 – August 31, 1901)
16 Leónidas Plaza
(1865–1932)		 September 1, 1901 August 31, 1905 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
17 Lizardo García
(1844–1927)		 September 1, 1905 January 15, 1906 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
(15) Eloy Alfaro
(1842–1912)		 January 16, 1906 August 11, 1911 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Jéfe Supremo (January 16, 1906 – October 9, 1906)
Interim President (October 9, 1906 – January 1, 1907)
President (January 1, 1907 – August 11, 1911)
— Carlos Freile Zaldumbide
(1851–1928)		 August 11, 1911 August 31, 1911 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
18 Emilio Estrada
(1855–1911)		 September 1, 1911 December 21, 1911 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
— Carlos Freile Zaldumbide
(1851–1928)		 December 22, 1911 March 5, 1912 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
— Francisco Andrade Marín
(1841–1935)		 March 6, 1912 August 1, 1912 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
— Alfredo Baquerizo
(1859–1951)		 August 1, 1912 September 1, 1912 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
(16) Leónidas Plaza
(1865–1932)		 September 1, 1912 August 31, 1916 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
19 Alfredo Baquerizo
(1859–1951)		 September 1, 1916 August 31, 1920 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
20 José Luis Tamayo
(1858–1947)		 September 1, 1920 August 31, 1924 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
21 Gonzalo Córdova
(1863–1928)		 September 1, 1924 July 9, 1925 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
First Provisional Government July 10, 1925 January 6, 1926
Second Provisional Government January 10, 1926 March 31, 1926
22 Isidro Ayora
(1879–1978)		 April 3, 1926 August 24, 1931 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Interim President (April 6, 1926 – April 17, 1929)
President (April 17, 1929 – August 24, 1931)
— Luis Larrea Alba
(1894–1979)		 August 24, 1931 October 15, 1931 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Minister of Government
— Alfredo Baquerizo
(1859–1951)		 October 15, 1931 August 28, 1932 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President of the Senate
— Carlos Freile Larrea
(1876–1942)		 August 28, 1932 September 1, 1932 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Minister of Government
— Alberto Guerrero Martínez
(1878–1941)		 September 2, 1932 December 4, 1932 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President of the Senate
23 Juan de Dios Martínez
(1875–1955)		 December 5, 1932 October 19, 1933 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
— Abelardo Montalvo
(1876–1950)		 October 20, 1933 August 31, 1934 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
24 José María Velasco Ibarra
(1893–1979)		 September 1, 1934 August 21, 1935 Conservative Party President
— Antonio Pons
(1897–1980)		 August 21, 1935 September 25, 1935 Conservative Party Acting President
— Federico Páez
(1876–1974)		 September 26, 1935 October 23, 1937 Ecuadorian Socialist Party Jéfe Supremo
— Alberto Enríquez Gallo
(1894–1962)		 October 23, 1937 August 10, 1938 Ecuadorian Socialist Party Jéfe Supremo
— Manuel María Borrero
(1883–1975)		 August 10, 1938 December 1, 1938 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Interim President
25 Aurelio Mosquera
(1883–1939)		 December 2, 1938 November 17, 1939 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
— Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río
(1893–1969)		 November 18, 1939 December 10, 1939 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
— Andrés Córdova
(1892–1983)		 December 11, 1939 August 10, 1940 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
— Julio Enrique Moreno
(1879–1952)		 August 10, 1940 August 31, 1940 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
26 Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río
(1893–1969)		 September 1, 1940 May 28, 1944 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
— Julio Teodoro Salem
(1900–1968)		 May 29, 1944 May 31, 1944 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party Acting President
(24) José María Velasco Ibarra
(1893–1979)		 June 1, 1944 August 23, 1947 Conservative Party President of the Republic (June 1, 1944 – August 10, 1944)
Constitutional President (August 10, 1944 – March 30, 1946)
President of the Republic (March 30, 1946 – August 10, 1946)
Constitutional President (August 10, 1946 – August 23, 1947)
— Carlos Mancheno Cajas
(1902–1996)		 August 23, 1947 September 2, 1947 Military Jéfe Supremo
27 Mariano Suárez Veintimilla
(1897–1980)		 September 2, 1947 September 17, 1947 Conservative Party President
28 C. J. Arosemena Tola
(1888–1952)		 September 17, 1947 August 31, 1948 Independent President
29 Galo Plaza
(1906–1987)		 September 1, 1948 August 31, 1952 National Democratic Civic Movement President
(24) José María Velasco Ibarra
(1893–1979)		 September 1, 1952 August 31, 1956 Velaquista National Federation President
30 Camilo Ponce Enríquez
(1912–1976)		 September 1, 1956 August 31, 1960 Social Christian Party President
(24) José María Velasco Ibarra
(1893–1979)		 September 1, 1960 November 7, 1961 Velaquista National Federation President
31 C. J. Arosemena Monroy
(1919–2004)		 November 7, 1961 July 11, 1963 Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party President
— Military Junta July 11, 1963 March 29, 1966 Military Members:
Ramón Castro Jijón
Luis Cabrera Sevilla
Guillermo Freile Posso (until November 9, 1965)
Marcos Gándara
— Clemente Yerovi
(1904–1981)		 March 30, 1966 November 16, 1966 Institutionalist Democratic Coalision Acting President
32 Otto Arosemena
(1925–1984)		 November 16, 1966 August 31, 1968 Institutionalist Democratic Coalision Interim President (November 16, 1966 – May 25, 1967)
Constitutional President (May 25, 1967 – August 31, 1968)
(24) José María Velasco Ibarra
(1893–1979)		 September 1, 1968 February 15, 1972 Velaquista National Federation President (September 1, 1968 – June 22, 1970)
Jéfe Supremo (June 22, 1970 – February 15, 1972)
— Guillermo Rodríguez Lara
(1924–)		 February 15, 1972 January 11, 1976 Military President
(de facto)
— Supreme Government Council January 11, 1976 August 10, 1979 Military President of the Council:
Vice Admiral Alfredo Poveda
Members:
General Guillermo Durán
General Luis Leoro Franco
33 Jaime Roldós Aguilera
(1940–1981)		 August 10, 1979 May 24, 1981 Concentration of People's Forces President
34 Osvaldo Hurtado
(1939–)		 May 24, 1981 August 10, 1984 Popular Democracy President
35 León Febres Cordero
(1931–2008)		 August 10, 1984 August 10, 1988 Social Christian Party President
36 Rodrigo Borja Cevallos
(1935–)		 August 10, 1988 August 10, 1992 Democratic Left President
37 Sixto Durán Ballén
(1921–2016)		 August 10, 1992 August 10, 1996 Republican Unity Party President
38 Abdalá Bucaram
(1952–)		 August 10, 1996 February 6, 1997 Ecuadorian Roldosist Party President
— Fabián Alarcón
(1947–)		 February 6, 1997 February 9, 1997 Alfarista Radical Front Interim President
— Rosalía Arteaga
(1956–)		 February 9, 1997 February 11, 1997 Alfarista Radical Front Acting President
— Fabián Alarcón
(1947–)		 February 11, 1997 August 10, 1998 Alfarista Radical Front Interim President
39 Jamil Mahuad
(1949–)		 August 10, 1998 January 21, 2000 Popular Democracy President
40 Gustavo Noboa
(1937–)		 January 22, 2000 January 15, 2003 Popular Democracy President
41 Lucio Gutiérrez
(1957–)		 January 15, 2003 April 20, 2005 Patriotic Society Party President
42 Alfredo Palacio
(1939–)		 April 20, 2005 January 15, 2007 Independent President
43 Rafael Correa
(1963–)		 January 15, 2007 Incumbent PAIS Alliance President

Rival governments in rebellion

Picture Name Began Ended Title(s)
Vicente Rocafuerte October 20, 1833 July 1834 Jefe Supremo of the Department of the Guayas
José Félix Valdivieso July 13, 1834 January 18, 1835 Jefe Supremo
José Joaquín de Olmedo March 6, 1845 June 18, 1845 President of the Provisional Government
Antonio de Elizalde March 1850 1850 Jefe Supremo
Diego Noboa February 20, 1850 June 10, 1850 Jefe Supremo
José María Urvina July 13, 1851 July 17, 1851 Jefe Supremo
Provisional Government May 1, 1859 June 4, 1859 Members: Gabriel García Moreno (from May 25)
Manuel Gómez de la Torre (to May 25)
José María Avilés
Pacífico Chiriboga
Jerónimo Carrión June 6, 1859 1859
Gabriel García Moreno June 4, 1859 September 17, 1861 Jefe Supremo
Guillermo Franco September 17, 1859 September 24, 1860 Jefe Supremo of Guayas and Azuay
Ignacio de Veintemilla September 8, 1876 December 19, 1876 Jefe Supremo
Eloy Alfaro February 1883 October 11, 1883 Jefe Supremo of Manabí and Esmeraldas
Provisional Government January 14, 1883 July 9, 1883 Members: José María Sarasti
Pedro Ignacio Lizarzaburu
Agustín Guerrero
Luis Cordero Crespo (from February 14)
Pablo Herrera (to February 14)
Rafael Pérez Pareja
Pedro Carbo September 17, 1883 October 11, 1883 Jefe Supremo of Guayas
Eloy Alfaro June 19, 1895 August 23, 1895 Jefe Supremo
Flavio E. Alfaro Santana December 22, 1911 January 1912
Pedro Jacinto Montero Maridueña December 28, 1911 January 21, 1912

Latest elections

Candidate Party Votes %
Rafael CorreaMovimiento Alianza PAIS4,918,48257.17
Guillermo LassoCreating Opportunities1,951,10222.68
Lucio GutiérrezJanuary 21 Patriotic Society Party578,8756.73
Mauricio RodasSUMA335,5323.90
Álvaro NoboaInstitutional Renewal Party of National Action319,9563.72
Alberto AcostaPlurinational Unity of the Lefts280,5393.26
Norman WrayRuptura 25112,5251.31
Nelson ZavalaEcuadorian Roldosist Party105,5921.23
Invalid/blank votes863,257–
Total9,465,860100
Registered voters/turnout11,675,44181.09
Source: CNE

See also

External links

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