Reactions to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting

The December 14, 2012, Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting — in which the perpetrator shot and killed his mother, 20 school children, 6 teachers, and then himself — received international attention. Governments and world leaders offered their condolences, while tributes and vigils by people were made in honor of the victims. U.S. President Barack Obama gave a televised address at 3:16 p.m. EST on the day of the shootings, saying, "We're going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies like this, regardless of the politics."^[1] Obama paused twice during the address to compose himself and wipe away tears, and expressed "enormous sympathy for families that are affected".^[2][3][4][5] He also ordered flags to be flown at half-staff at the White House and other U.S. federal government facilities worldwide in respect for the victims.^[6] Within 15 hours of the massacre, 100,000 Americans signed up at the Obama administration's We the People petitioning website in support of a renewed national debate on gun control.^[7] Obama attended and spoke at an interfaith vigil on December 16 in Newtown, Connecticut.^[8]

International reactions

States and world leaders

•  Australia – Prime Minister Julia Gillard issued a press release, stating that the Australian people "share America’s shock at this senseless and incomprehensible act of evil. As parents and grandparents, as brothers and sisters, as friends of the American people, we mourn the loss of children, aged only five to ten years, whose futures lay before them. We mourn the loss of brave teachers who sought only to lead their students into that future but were brutally murdered in a place of refuge and learning".^[9]
•  Azerbaijan – President Ilham Aliyev sent a letter of condolence to Barack Obama, saying: "I was deeply astonished and grieved to hear about the terrible tragedy that happened at the school in Newtown, Connecticut. Sharing in your grief on behalf of the people of Azerbaijan and on my own, I would like to express my sincere condolences to you, families and friends of those killed and all the American people".^[10]
•  Canada – Prime Minister Stephen Harper wrote on Twitter: "The news is just awful. The thoughts and prayers of Canadians are with the students and families in Connecticut affected by this senseless violence."^[11]
•  People's Republic of China – Chinese netizens gave many condolences for Americans affected by the shootings in Newtown.^[12] On the same day as Sandy Hook there was a knife attack at an elementary school in China in which 23 children were left wounded. A number of commentators have drawn comparisons between the two incidents.^[13][14][15]
• Commonwealth of Nations – Queen Elizabeth II said in a message to President Obama, "I have been deeply shocked and saddened to learn of the dreadful loss of life today in Newtown, Connecticut; particularly the news that so many of the dead are children." She added that Prince Philip joined her in extending their heartfelt sympathy to Obama and the American people.^[16]
•  European Union – Foreign Policy Chief Catherine Ashton said in a statement "I want to express my shock after the tragic shooting at a school in Connecticut today," She also said, "I think of the victims, their families and the American people at this difficult time," European Commission Chief José Manuel Barroso said, "It is with deep shock and horror that I learned of the tragic shooting in Connecticut," European Commission Chief José Manuel Barroso said. "On behalf of the European Commission and myself, I express my sincere condolences to the families of the victims of this terrible tragedy,"^[17]
•  France – President François Hollande commented that he was "horrified" upon hearing about the event.^[18]
•  Hungary – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed its "deep dismay" at the tragedy and extended its sympathy to the bereaved.^[19]
•  Iran – Foreign Ministry spokesman Ramin Mehmanparast condemned "the massacre of American children" and expressed his condolences to the families of victims.^[20] An Iranian state-run newspaper claimed that Israeli "Mossad death squads" were the actual perpetrators of the shooting and that Lanza was merely a patsy.^[21] President Ahmadinejad himself expressed his sympathy to the United States.
•  Israel – Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu wrote a letter to Obama on the day of the tragedy. ‘We in Israel have experienced such cruel acts of slaughter and we know the shock and agony that they bring. I want to express my profound grief, and that of all the people of Israel, to the families that lost their loved ones. I hope that you and the American people will find the strength to overcome this unspeakable tragedy.”^[22]
•  Japan – Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda sent a condolence message to President Obama saying, "We express our condolences to the families of the victims... the sympathy of the Japanese people is with the American people."^[23]
•  Lithuania – President Dalia Grybauskaitė stated that she was deeply distressed by the Connecticut tragedy. Grybauskaitė wished "great strength" to the families of those who had perished.^[24]
•  Malaysia – Prime Minister Najib Razak extended his deepest condolences to the families of victims. "It's a tragic incident and Malaysia stands by your side," stated the Prime Minister via Twitter.^[25]
•  Mexico – President Enrique Peña Nieto expressed his condolences via Twitter, saying, "My solidarity is with the American people and President Obama".^[26][27][28]
•  Monaco – Prince Albert II expressed sadness over the "unspeakable tragedy."^[29]
•  Norway – Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg wrote on Facebook: "My thoughts are with the families who have lost their loved ones in the horrible shooting in Connecticut."^[30] King Harald also sent a personal condolence letter to President Obama.^[31][32]
•  Philippines – President Benigno Aquino III stated that he and the Filipino people stand with the United States "with bowed heads, yet in deep admiration over the manner in which the American people have reached out to comfort the afflicted, and to search for answers that will give meaning and hope to this grim event." "We pray for healing, and that this heartbreak will never be visited on any community ever again," he added, in a statement tweeted by deputy presidential spokesman Abigail Valte.^[23]
•  Portugal – In a statement addressed to Barack Obama, President Cavaco Silva sent his condolences and added "On behalf of the People of Portugal and in my own personal name, I address Your Excellency my deepest and heartfelt feelings, which I beg you to impart to the victims’ families."^[33]
•  Russia – President Vladimir Putin sent a telegram to Barack Obama expressing Russia's heartfelt condolences and "grief" at the fact that the victims were mostly children. He asked Barack Obama to convey words of compassion and sympathy to the victims' relatives, saying he empathized with the entire American nation.^[34]
•  Singapore – Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong wrote a message to Obama saying that he was "deeply shocked and saddened" to hear of the shooting." "An event like this reminds us of our common humanity, regardless of nationality or where we live in the world." "This was a senseless loss of innocent young lives, especially since schools should be sanctuaries for our children. I wish you success in your efforts to prevent such tragedies from recurring in the future." He also expressed condolences on Facebook.^[35] Similarly, Foreign Affairs and Law Minister K. Shanmugam expressed his condolences in a Facebook post saying that "Children are innocent, full of life and promise. Cut down in a hail of bullets by a person with a rifle. There have been so many shootings in the U.S. over the years we no longer get surprised that this happens", he went on to say that in no other developed country do school shootings happen so regularly.^[36]
•  Spain – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation announced that Spain expressed its "deepest condolences" and that "in these sad moments, Spain shares the pain of the families of the victims and their friends, the people of the United States.^[37]
•  Turkey – Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan sent a message to Barack Obama saying “Mr. President, I am very sorry to hear about the shootings. We deeply share your sadness. In the name of Turkish people, our government and myself we hope well beings for the wounded.”^[38]
•  United Kingdom – Prime Minister David Cameron wrote on Twitter: "My thoughts are with those who've been devastated by the Connecticut shootings."^[39]
•  United Nations – UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon voiced his "deepest condolences" over the victims, calling the rampage "shocking murders," spokesman Martin Nesirky told reporters in New York. "The secretary-general said that the targeting of children is heinous and unthinkable, and extended his thoughts and prayers to the families of the victims and all others traumatized by this horrendous crime," said the spokesman.^[16]
•   Vatican City – Secretary of State Tarcisio Bertone issued a letter of condolence on behalf of Pope Benedict XVI, which was read aloud at a Newtown vigil, saying, "In the aftermath of this senseless tragedy, [the Holy Father] asks God, our Father, to console all those who mourn and to sustain the entire community with the spiritual strength which triumphs over violence by the power of forgiveness, hope and reconciling love."^[40][41]

Leading media and organizations

There were tributes and vigils by people in Moscow, Bangalore,^[42] Karachi^[43] and in Monrovia, Liberia.^[44] An organized candlelight vigil was held in India and a makeshift memorial set up at the U.S. embassy in Moscow.^[45][46][47] Media in the United Kingdom compared the shooting to the Dunblane school massacre, another school shooting that occurred in 1996, in which 16 children and one teacher were killed before the shooter, 43-year-old Thomas Hamilton, committed suicide.^[48] In the Marshall Islands students of Majuro Cooperative school dressed in the green and white colors of Sandy Hook Elementary and presented a condolence card to the American ambassador.^[49]

Political

In the Canadian province of Ontario, then-Premier Dalton McGuinty announced a “locked door” policy, as part of a Safe Welcome Program at all elementary schools as of September 2013.^[50] About 2,450 elementary schools applied for and received funding from the province to install front-door buzzers and security cameras. Together with the 850 schools that installed them with provincial funding in 2005, the new equipment means about 80 per cent of Ontario’s 4,000 elementary schools will have secured front doors.^[51] In the Greater Toronto Area, 1,287 schools received funding through their 12 school boards such as the Toronto Catholic District School Board, Toronto District School Board, Durham Catholic District School Board, and York Region District School Board.

Every Ontario school board is required to have a local police-school board protocol, which includes a lockdown plan that is practised at least twice each year. Professional development and training has been made available to school and board staff, along with their local police services, to put the protocol in place at both the elementary and secondary levels.^[52]

U.S. reactions

Leading media and organizations

Film premieres of Jack Reacher and Django Unchained were delayed following the shooting, while new episodes of Fox TV's Family Guy and American Dad! and Syfy's Haven were postponed.^[53][54]

On December 16, 2012, two days after the shooting, Showtime put up a warning before the start of both the season finales of both Homeland (Season 2) and Dexter (Season 7), that read: "In Light of the tragedy that has occurred in Connecticut, the following program contains images that may be disturbing. Viewer discretion is advised."

The day after the shooting, Saturday Night Live paid tribute to the Sandy Hook victims with a performance of "Silent Night" by the New York City Children's Chorus in place of its usual comedic cold open.^[55] Two days later The Voice made a similar tribute at the opening of its first night of live finals. Coaches, judges and contestants performed Leonard Cohen's "Hallelujah", surrounded by candles, each holding the name of a victim,^[56] while The X Factor paid tribute to the victims by having the finalists of season two perform Michael Jackson's "You Are Not Alone" along with a children's choir as the names of the victims appeared on the screen behind with a message "You Are Not Alone. We Are Here With You" appearing as the song ended.

On December 16, 2012, every NFL team held a moment of silence in honor of the Sandy Hook victims and lowered their flags to half-mast. Many teams put Newtown or "SHES" decals on their helmets. The New England Patriots launched 26 flares into the night sky.^[57] The Patriots also took the muskets away from its "End Zone Militia" - Revolutionary War re-enactors who celebrate every score with gunfire. The team felt the memory of the shooting only 150 miles away was too fresh in people's minds for the sight of firearms and the smell of gunpowder.^[58] Victor Cruz of the New York Giants was the idol of one of the child victims, Jack Pinto. After learning that Jack's family planned to bury their son in a Victor Cruz jersey, Cruz called the family and wrote "RIP Jack Pinto" and "Jack Pinto my hero" on his shoes during the December 16 game against the Atlanta Falcons. He later travelled to Newtown and visited with the Pinto family.^[59] The Sandy Hook Elementary Choir was invited to sing "America the Beautiful" with Jennifer Hudson at the pre-game ceremonies at Super Bowl XLVII on February 3, 2013.^[60]

On December 16, 2012, just prior to the start of WWE's TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs event, the audience was prompted to rise as the bell was tolled 26 times in a gesture of respect to the 26 victims of the tragedy, their families, and everyone affected by the events.

On February 2, 2013, 150 children from Sandy Hook Elementary School, their families and teachers were invited by the New York Knicks to attend their game against the Sacramento Kings.^[61]

Former Arizona Rep. Gabrielle Giffords traveled to Newtown and met with the families of the victims of the shooting on January 4, 2013.^[62]

The Boston Bruins hockey team scheduled a series of events in the town on February 18, 2013. They presented a street hockey clinic, a clinic with the high school's hockey team and will hold an autograph session with children as well as a meeting with first responders who will be given autographed and framed hockey jerseys.^[63]

NASCAR Sprint Cup Series driver Michael Waltrip traveled to Newtown to meet with the victims' families and the community. In the 2013 Daytona 500, he drove the #26 car for Swan Racing honoring the 26 victims, with a decal providing a number viewers could text donations to.^[64]

Songs with lyrical references to guns, bullets, and/or premature death were removed from some U.S. radio stations, including "Die Young" by Kesha, "Titanium" by David Guetta, and "Pumped Up Kicks" by Foster The People.^[65]

On Opening Day April 1, 2013 at Yankee Stadium, the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox honored Newtown, Connecticut. The ceremonies featured a pre-game joint honor guards of police and firefighters from Newtown and a moment of silence as the Sandy Hook victims’ names appeared on the video board. Players from both teams wore a ribbon on their uniforms. That same ribbon was to be painted on the field in front of both dugouts. Bud Selig, the Commissioner of Baseball, requested that all the other major league teams also wear the ribbon.^[66] The other New York team, the Mets, also paid tribute to the victims by wearing commemorative patches on their uniforms.^[67]

Gun control

The President and others observe a moment of silence in the Oval Office on December 21, 2012

The Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting prompted renewed debate about gun control in the United States, including proposals for making the background-check system universal, and for new federal and state legislation banning the sale and manufacture of certain types of semi-automatic firearms and magazines with more than ten rounds of ammunition.

Within hours of the shooting, a We the People petition was started asking the White House to "immediately address the issue of gun control through the introduction of legislation in Congress,"^[68][69] and the gun control advocacy group the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence reported that an avalanche of donations in the hours after the shooting caused its website to crash.^[70] Five days later, President Obama announced that he would make gun control a "central issue" of his second term,^[71] and he created a gun violence task force, to be headed by Vice President Joe Biden.^[72] On January 16, 2013, Obama signed 23 executive orders and proposed 12 congressional actions regarding gun control.^[73] His proposals included universal background checks on firearms purchases, an assault weapons ban, and limiting magazine capacity to 10 cartridges.^[74][75]

On December 21, 2012, the National Rifle Association's Wayne LaPierre said gun-free school zones attract killers and that another gun ban would not protect Americans. He called on Congress to appropriate funds to hire armed police officers for every American school and announced that the NRA would create the National School Shield Emergency Response Program to help.^[76] After LaPierre's press conference, the Brady Campaign asked for donations to support its gun control advocacy and asked NRA members "who believe like we do, that we are better than this" to join its campaign.^[77] On January 8, 2013, former Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was shot and injured in a 2011 shooting in Tucson, launched Americans for Responsible Solutions to raise money for gun control efforts to counter the influence of powerful pro-gun groups such as the NRA.^[78]

On January 16, 2013, New York became the first U.S. state to act after the shooting when it enacted the Secure Ammunition and Firearms Enforcement (SAFE) Act.^[79] On April 4, 2013, Connecticut and Maryland both enacted new restrictions to their existing gun laws.^[80][81] Ten other states had passed laws that relaxed gun restrictions.^[82]

Legislation introduced in the first session of 113th Congress included the Assault Weapons Ban of 2013 (AWB 2013)^[83][84] and the Manchin-Toomey Amendment to expand background checks on gun purchases.^[85][86] Both were defeated in the Senate on April 17, 2013.^[87]

Violent video games

During the investigation into Adam Lanza's background, officials found that Lanza had possessed "thousands of dollars worth of violent video games".^[88] Though the link between Lanza's video game habits and the shooting was not yet clear from the investigators,^[89] the findings reopened debate on the hypothesized connection between violent video games and real-world crime.^[90]

Senator Jay Rockefeller called for regulation of the video game industry shortly after the shootings.^[91] In mid-January 2013, representatives from the video game industry met with Vice President Biden on the subject of violent video games and their regulation.^[89] In late January, Representative Jim Matheson reintroduced legislation that he had been attempting to pass that would require stores to post notices about video game ratings and restrict sales of mature and adult games to children.^[92]

The Entertainment Software Association published a statement offering its condolences to the families and stating “The search for meaningful solutions must consider the broad range of actual factors that may have contributed to this tragedy. Any such study needs to include the years of extensive research that has shown no connection between entertainment and real-life violence.”^[93] The ESA retained professional lobbyist firm Brown Rudnick Government Relations Strategies, run by former Connecticut House Speaker Thomas D. Ritter to represent their interests with the state legislature.^[94]

References

1. White House, ed. (December 14, 2012). "Statement by the President on the School Shooting in Newtown, CT".
2. Mark Kelly: Action on guns ‘can no longer wait’
3. "Official with knowledge of Conn. school shooting: 27 dead, including 18 children". Washington Post. Associated Press. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
4. Sabrina Siddiqui and Elise Foley (December 14, 2012). "Obama On Connecticut Shooting: We Need 'Meaningful Action'". Huffington Post. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
5. Jim O'Sullivan (December 14, 2012). "Emotional Obama Calls for 'Meaningful Action' After Newtown Shooting". The Atlantic. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
6. "Presidential Proclamation – Honoring the Victims of the Shooting in Newtown, Connecticut". White House Press Office. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
7. "After school massacre, 100,000 Americans petition White House for gun control". The Daily Caller. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
8. "President Obama To Visit Newtown Sunday". The Courant. Retrieved December 16, 2012.
9. "Live updates: US school shooting massacre". CNBC News. December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
10. "Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev offers condolences to Barack Obama". Azerbaijan Press Agency (APA). December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
11. Bruce Cheadle (December 14, 2012). "Politicians recoil from politics of shootings while online debate rages". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
12. Carlson, Benjamin (December 17, 2012). "In China, Newtown hits home". GlobalPost. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
13. Hutzler, Charles (December 15, 2012). "Schools and students are targets worldwide". Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
14. Osnos, Evan (December 15, 2012). "China Watches Newtown: Guns and American Credibility". The New Yorker.
15. McAuliff, Michael (December 15, 2012). "On Gun Control, Jerry Nadler Explains What Congress Could Do Right Now". The Huffington Post.
16. "World shocked by school shooting in US". Global Times. Xinhua News Agency. December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
17. "26 killed in Connecticut school shooting". YNet News. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
18. "20 children among 27 dead in Conn. school shooting, police say". Azcentral.com. Associated Press. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
19. "Press release by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in reaction to the Connecticut shootings". December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
20. "Condoléances de l'Iran après la fusillade mortelle dans une école américaine" (in French). L'Orient-Le Jour. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
21. "Iran's state-run news network blames 'Israeli death squads' for Sandy Hook shooting". The Washington Post.
22. "'We in Israel understand the shock and agony,' Netanyahu tells Obama after Connecticut slaughter". The Times of Israel. December 15, 2012.
23. "Sympathy over US school shooting stretches globe". CT Post. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
24. "Prezidentė pareiškė užuojautą JAV vadovui dėl tragedijos Konektikuto mokykloje". Retrieved December 16, 2012.
25. "Najib Conveys Condolence to Families of Connecticut Shooting Victims". Bernama. December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
26. "Peña Nieto y Mancera envían sus condolencias a Obama por tiroteo". Excélsior (in Spanish). December 15, 2012. Archived from the original on December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
27. "EU agradece a Peña solidaridad tras tiroteo en escuela". El Universal (Mexico City) (in Spanish). Notimex. December 15, 2012. Archived from the original on December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
28. "Peña manifiesta solidaridad por masacre en Connecticut" (in Spanish). El Informador. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
29. Vinograd, Cassandra (December 15, 2012). "Sandy Hook Shooting: World Reactions To Connecticut Tragedy". Huffington Post. Associated Press.
30. Jens Stoltenberg (December 14, 2012). "Jens Stoltenberg". Facebook. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
31. "Uttrykker sin sorg til Obama" (in Norwegian). Retrieved December 19, 2012.
32. "Følgende kondolansebudskap overbringes fra Hans Majestet Kong Harald til H.E. President Barack Obama." (in Norwegian). Retrieved December 19, 2012.
33. "President Cavaco Silva sent message of regret to President Barack Obama over the tragic incidents occurred in a school - MESSAGES". Presidencia.Pt. December 15, 2012. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
34. "Putin offers condolences on Connecticut tragedy to Obama". December 15, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
35. "PM Lee sends letter of condolence to President Obama". Straits Times. Dec 16, 2012.
36. "K Shanmugam offers condolences to victims of US school shooting". MSN.
37. "183-2012. CONDOLENCIAS POR LOS FALLECIDOS EN EL TIROTEO EN CONNECTICUT". Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación de España. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
38. (Turkish) "Erdoğan'dan Obama'ya taziye mesajı" ("Obama, Erdogan condolence message") Hürriyet Planet
39. Andy Rudd (December 14, 2012). "Connecticut school shooting: Madman kills at least 26, including 20 children, in horrific gun rampage". The Daily Mirror. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
40. "Hundreds Pack Connecticut Churches For Prayer Vigils After Newtown Rampage". CBS New York. December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
41. Allison Linn (December 14, 2012). "Massacre leaves America shocked and grieving ... again". NBC News. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
42. Questions of `Why' and `How' fill pews in CT town
43. Pakistan sends condolences to U.S. over deadly shooting
44. "Liberian schoolchildren send condolences to Conn.". The Miami Herald. December 18, 2012.
45. US Ambassador Thanks Muscovites for Support over Connecticut Shooting
46. Moscow rallies for school shooting victims
47. US: shooting overshadows Christmas joy
48. Toppo, Greg; Szabo, Liz (December 14, 2012). "From Sandy Hook to Dunblane, shootings leave unforgettable legacies". USA Today. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
49. Marshall Islands Students Honor the Victims of Sandy Hook
50. After Newtown shooting, McGuinty wants a ‘locked door’ policy at all Ontario elementary schools by next fall National Post, 2012/12/20
51. Ontario elementary schools to lock front doors this fall after Newtown tragedy Metro Toronto - June 18, 2013
52. Ontario to implement ‘locked door’ policy at all elementary schools in wake of shooting - The Globe and Mail, via the Canadian Press, December 20, 2012; retrieved July 28, 2013.
53. Weisman, Aly. "'Jack Reacher' Premiere Postponed & TV Shows Cancelled After Newtown Shooting". Business Insider, The Wire. Business Insider. Retrieved December 30, 2012.
54. Battersby, Matilda (December 18, 2012). "Quentin Tarantino's Django Unchained premiere called off after Sandy Hook massacre". The Independent. London. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
55. "Saturday Night Live - Silent Night Cold Open - Video". NBC.com. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
56. ‘The Voice’ Pays Tribute To Sandy Hook Shooting Victims
57. Sandy Hook victims honored by NFL in Week 15
58. Moments of silence for school victims
59. Victor Cruz: Meeting Jack Pinto family was 'toughest'
60. Hanstock, Bill (February 3, 2013). "Sandy Hook Chorus and Jennifer Hudson sing 'America the Beautiful'". SB Nation. Retrieved February 3, 2013.
61. "Knicks to host 150 children and their families from Sandy Hook Elementary School on Saturday". Washington Post. Retrieved February 2, 2013.
62. "CONN. LT. GOV.'S OFFICE: GIFFORDS MEETING PLANNED". Associated Press. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
63. "Boston Bruins hockey team to visit Newtown". WABC TV. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
64. Tucker, Heather and Jeff Gluck (February 14, 2013). "Michael Waltrip to honor Sandy Hook at Daytona 500". USA Today. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
65. "Ke$ha & Foster The People Dropped By Radio Stations". homorazzi.com. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
66. "Yankees, Red Sox to honor Sandy Hook victims on Opening Day". NY Post. Retrieved March 20, 2013.
67. "Yankees, Mets Have Home Field Advantage In Season Openers". NY1. Retrieved April 1, 2013.
68. Bruce, Mary (December 14, 2012). "Petition Calls on White House to Address Gun Control" (blog). ABC News.
69. Wing, Nick (December 17, 2012). "White House Gun Control Petition Becomes Site's Most Popular Ever". Huffington Post. Retrieved April 13, 2014.
70. New, Catherine (December 14, 2012). "Anti-Gun Donations Surge After Connecticut Shooting". The Huffington Post. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
71. Shear, Michael D. (December 20, 2012). "Obama Vows Fast Action in New Push for Gun Control". The New York Times. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
72. Caldwell, Leigh Ann (December 19, 2012). "Obama sets up gun violence task force". CBS News. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
73. "Obama announces 23 executive actions, asks Congress to pass gun laws". CNN. January 16, 2013. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
74. "President Obama's remarks on new gun control actions, Jan. 16, 2013 (Transcript)". The Washington Post (transcript). January 16, 2013. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
75. Knox, Olivier (January 16, 2013). "Obama unveils sweeping plan to battle gun violence" (blog). Yahoo News.
76. Sullivan, Sean (December 21, 2012). "Put armed guards in every school, NRA leader Wayne LaPierre says". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
77. Connor, Tracy; Isikoff, Michael (December 21, 2012). "Disbelief in some quarters after NRA calls for armed guards at every school, blames movies". NBCNews.com. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
78. "Gabrielle Giffords launches gun control campaign". BBC. January 8, 2013. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
79. Seiler, Casey (January 16, 2013). "New gun law offers reply to mass killings: State becomes the first in the nation to act after horror of Newtown, Conn.". Times Union. Albany, New York: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved April 16, 2014.
80. "Connecticut Governor Signs Gun Measures". New York Times. Associated Press. April 4, 2013. Retrieved April 10, 2014.
81. Jackson, Alex (April 5, 2013). "Maryland lawmakers send landmark gun control bill to O'Malley's desk". Annapolis, Maryland: CapitalGazette.com. Retrieved April 16, 2014.
82. Hartmann, Margaret (April 4, 2013). "Post-Newtown, States Passed More Gun-Rights Laws, Not Restrictions". New York Magazine. New York Media. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
83. Sen. Dianne Feinstein, Rev. Gary Hall, Rep. Carolyn McCarthy et al. (January 24, 2013). Assault Weapons Ban Bill (video). Washington, D.C.: National Cable Satellite Corporation. Retrieved April 13, 2014.
84. Freedman, Dan (January 24, 2013). "Feinstein offers new assault weapons ban". Houston Chronicle. Hearst Newspapers. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
85. O'Keefe, Ed; Hamburger, Tom (April 10, 2013). "Key senators reach deal on background checks for gun buyers". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
86. Peterson, Kristina (April 10, 2013). "Senate in Deal on Gun Checks". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
87. Weisman, Jonathan (April 17, 2013). "Senate Blocks Drive for Gun Control". The New York Times. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
88. Altimari, Dave; Lender, Jon (January 8, 2013). "Adam Lanza update: Sandy Hook Elementary School shooter wore earplugs, investigators say". WPTV. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
89. Lichtblau, Eric (January 11, 2013). "Makers of Violent Video Games Marshal Support to Fend Off Regulation". New York Times. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
90. Teitell, Beth (January 8, 2013). "Violent video games put parental judgment to test". Boston Globe. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
91. Kravets, David (December 20, 2012). "Lawmaker Inching Toward Regulation of Violent Videogames?". Wired. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
92. Burr, Thomas (January 22, 2013). "Matheson pushes video game limits amid gun violence debate". Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved February 8, 2013.
93. Tsukayama, Hayley (December 19, 2012). "Entertainment Software Association responds to Rockefeller video game bill". Washington Post.
94. Resistance Looms To Newtown Bills; Lobbyists Already Hired

Further reading

• "World Leaders React To The Sandy Hook Massacre". Business Insider. Agence France Presse. December 16, 2012.
• Various authors (December 14, 2012). "Full coverage: Sandy Hook shooting aftermath". GlobalPost.
• Brown, Sarah (December 17, 2012). "World reaction: 'My heart is in Newtown'". Cable News Network.
• Knickerbocker, Brad (December 15, 2012). "Sandy Hook School shooting: Voices from around the world". The Christian Science Monitor.