Sarcophaga

Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga nodosa feeding on decaying meat
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Suborder:	Brachycera
Infraorder:	Muscomorpha
Section:	Schizophora
Subsection:	Calyptratae
Superfamily:	Oestroidea
Family:	Sarcophagidae
Subfamily:	Sarcophaginae
Genus:	Sarcophaga Meigen, 1826[1]
Type species
Musca carnaria Linnaeus, 1758[1]

Sarcophaga is a genus of true flies and the type genus of the flesh-fly family (Sarcophagidae).

This genus occurs essentially worldwide. These flies are generally well-sized and of a greyish color; like many of their relatives, the typical patterns are lengthwise darker stripes on the thorax and dark and light square dots on the abdomen. Many have conspicuous red compound eyes. These are set further apart in females than in males; the females are also larger on average. As typical for this family, it is almost impossible to tell the species apart from their outward appearance, and many can only be reliably identified by microscopic examination of the males' genitalia.

As the common name implies, their larvae typically feed on decaying meat. Some, however, rather eat the bacteria and other small organisms living on carrion. Many species have adapted to humans, and while they are usually nuisance pests, some are medically significant vectors of pathogens and bacteria. Sometimes, the larvae cause myiasis. Others are parasitoids of pest caterpillars and beneficial in forestry and orchards.

Well-known species are Sarcophaga africa, Sarcophaga bercaea, the grey flesh-fly Sarcophaga bullata, Sarcophaga carnaria, Sarcophaga crassipalpis, the friendly fly Sarcophaga aldrichi and the red-tailed flesh-fly Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis.

Subgenera

The immense number of Sarcophaga species is divided among the following subgenera, some of which are occasionally considered (and may well be) distinct genera:

Aethianella Aethiopisca Afrohelicobia Afrothyrsocnema Alisarcophagaa Amharomyia Anthostilophalla Asceloctella Asiopierretia Australopierretia Baliisca Baranovisca Batissophalla Bellieriomima Bercaea Bercaeopsis Beziella Bilenemyia Boettcheria Brasia Caledonia Callostuckenbergia Camerounisca Cercosarcophaga Chaetophalla Chrysosarcophaga Curranisca Curtophalla Cyclophalla Danbeckia Casyschloctis Dinemomyia Diplonophalla Discachaeta Colichophalla Drakensbergiana Durbanella Dysparaphalla Fengia Fergusonimyia Fijimyia Hardyella Harpagophalla Harpagophalloides Helicophagella

Heteronychia Hoa Horisca Hosarcophaga Hyperacanthisca Ihosyia Iranihindia Johnsonimima Johnstonimyia Kalshovenella Kanoa Kanomyia Kozlovea Kramerea Krameromyia Leucomyia Lipoptilocnema Lioplacella Lioproctia Liopygia Liosarcophaga Macabiella Malliophala Mandalania Mauritiella Mehria Mimarhopocnemis Mindanaoa Mufindia Myorhina Neobellieria Neosarcophaga Nesbittia Nigerimyia Nihonea Notoecus Nudicerca Nuzzaciella Nyikamyia Pandelleana Pandelleisca Paraethiopisca Parasarcophaga Petuniophalla

Phalacrodiscus Phallantha Phallanthisca Phallocheira Phallonychia Phallosphaera Phytosarcophaga Poecilometopa Poeciphaoides Prionophalla Pseudaethiopisca Pseudothyrsocnema Pterolobomyia Pterophalla Pterosarcophaga Robineauella Rohdendorfisca Rosellea Sabiella Sarcophaga Sarcorohdendorfia Sarcosolomonia Sarcotachinella Scotathyrsia Seniorwhithea Sinonipponia Sisyhelicobia Stackelbergeola Takanoa Takaraia Taylorimyia Thyrsocnema Tolucamyia Torgopampa Transvaalomyia Tuberomembrana Uroxanthisca Varirosellea Wohlfahrtiopsis Xanthopterisca Ziminisca Zombanella Zumptiopsis Zumptisca

References

1. J. M. Aldrich (2009) [Originally published 1916]. Sarcophaga and allies in North America. BiblioBazaar. ISBN 978-1-115-40881-3.

Further reading

• Natori, S (2010). "Molecules participating in insect immunity of Sarcophaga peregrina". Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B. 86 (10): 927–38. doi:10.2183/pjab.86.927. PMC 3035055. PMID 21157125.
• Sousa, JR; Esposito, MC; Carvalho Filho, FS (2011). "Composition, abundance and richness of Sarcophagidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) in forests and forest gaps with different vegetation cover". Neotropical Entomology. 40 (1): 20–27. doi:10.1590/S1519-566X2011000100003. PMID 21437478.