Seventy-first Amendment of the Constitution of India

The Constitution (Seventy-first Amendment) Act, 1992

Parliament of India
An Act further to amend the Constitution of India.
Citation	71st Amendment
Territorial extent	India
Enacted by	Lok Sabha
Date passed	20 August 1992
Enacted by	Rajya Sabha
Date passed	20 August 1992
Date assented to	31 August 1992
Date commenced	31 August 1992
Legislative history
Bill introduced in the Lok Sabha	Constitution (Seventy-eighth Amendment) Bill, 1992
Bill published on	20 August 1992
Introduced by	Shankarrao Chavan
Related legislation
21st and 92nd Amendments
Summary
Included Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali as official languages by amending the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution
Status: In force

The Seventy-first Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Seventy-first Amendment) Act, 1992, amended the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution so as to include Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages, thereby raising the total number of languages listed in the schedule to eighteen. The Eighth Schedule lists languages that the Government of India has the responsibility to develop.^[1]

The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution originally included 14 languages.^[2] Sindhi was included by the 21st Amendment, enacted in 1967. Bodo, Dogri, Santhali and Maithali were included in the Eighth Schedule in 2004, through the 92nd Amendment, raising the total number of languages to 22.

Text

BE it enacted by Parliament in the Forty-third Year of the Republic of India as follows:—
1. Short title This Act may be called the Constitution (Seventy-first Amendment) Act, 1992.

2. Amendment of Eighth Schedule In the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution—

(a) existing entry 7 shall be re-numbered as entry 8, and before entry 8 as so re-numbered, the entry "7. Konkani." shall be inserted;

(b) existing entry 8 shall be re-numbered as entry 10, and before entry 10 as so re-numbered, the entry "9. Manipuri." shall be inserted;

(c) existing entries 9 to 15 shall be re-numbered as entries 12 to 18 respectively, and before entry 12 as so re-numbered, the entry "11. Nepali." shall be inserted.^[3]^[4]

Proposal and enactment

The Constitution (Seventy-first Amendment) Act, 1992, was introduced in Lok Sabha on 20 August 1992, as the Constitution (Seventy-eighth Amendment) Bill, 1992 (Bill No. 142 of 1992). It was introduced by Shankarrao Chavan, then Minister of Home Affairs, and sought to include Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.^[5] The full text of the Statement of Objects and Reasons appended to the bill is given below:

There have been demands for inclusion of certain languages in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution. It is proposed to include Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution. The Bill seeks to give effect to this decision.
2. The Nepali language is also known in some areas as "Gorkha Bhasa". In the Census operations, other nomenclatures such as "Gorkhali", "Gorkdhi", "Gurkhiya", "Khaskura" or "Naipali" have also been used.

— S.B. Chavan, "The Constitution (Seventy-eighth Amendment) Bill, 1992". This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

The Bill was debated by the Lok Sabha on 20 August 1992 and, as amended, passed on the same day. Clause 1 of the Bill was adopted by the Lok Sabha with a formal amendment replacing the word "Seventy-eighth" by the word "Seventy-first". The Bill, as passed by the Lok Sabha, was considered and passed by the Rajya Sabha on 20 August 1992.^[5] The bill received assent from then President Shankar Dayal Sharma on 31 August 1992, and came into force on the same date.^[5]^[6] It was notified in The Gazette of India on 1 September 1992.^[7]

Constitution of India
Part of a series on

Preamble
Parts Fundamental Rights PART I ∙ II ∙ III ∙ IV ∙ IVA ∙ V ∙ VI ∙ VII VIII ∙ IX ∙ IXA ∙ IXB ∙ X ∙ XI ∙ XII ∙ XIII ∙ XIV XV ∙ XVI ∙ XVIA ∙ XVII ∙ XVIII ∙ XIX ∙ XX ∙ XXI XXII
Schedules First ∙ Second ∙ Third ∙ Fourth ∙ Fifth Sixth ∙ Seventh ∙ Eighth ∙ Ninth Tenth ∙ Eleventh ∙ Twelfth
Appendices I ∙ II ∙ III ∙ IV ∙ V
Amendments List ∙ 1 ∙ 2 ∙ 3 ∙ 4 ∙ 5 ∙ 6 ∙ 7 ∙ 8 ∙ 9 ∙ 10 ∙ 11 ∙ 12 ∙ 13 ∙ 14 ∙ 15 ∙ 16 ∙ 17 ∙ 18 ∙ 19 ∙ 20 ∙ 21 ∙ 22 ∙ 23 ∙ 24 ∙ 25 ∙ 26 ∙ 27 ∙ 28 ∙ 29 ∙ 30 ∙ 31 ∙ 32 ∙ 33 ∙ 34 ∙ 35 ∙ 36 ∙ 37 ∙ 38 ∙ 39 ∙ 40 ∙ 41 ∙ 42 ∙ 43 ∙ 44 ∙ 45 ∙ 46 ∙ 47 ∙ 48 ∙ 49 ∙ 50 ∙ 51 ∙ 52 ∙ 53 ∙ 54 ∙ 55 ∙ 56 ∙ 57 ∙ 58 ∙ 59 ∙ 60 ∙ 61 ∙ 62 ∙ 63 ∙ 64 ∙ 65 ∙ 66 ∙ 67 ∙ 68 ∙ 69 ∙ 70 ∙ 71 ∙ 72 ∙ 73 ∙ 74 ∙ 75 ∙ 76 ∙ 77 ∙ 78 ∙ 79 ∙ 80 ∙ 81 ∙ 82 ∙ 83 ∙ 84 ∙ 85 ∙ 86 ∙ 87 ∙ 88 ∙ 89 ∙ 90 ∙ 91 ∙ 92 ∙ 93 ∙ 94 ∙ 95 ∙ 96 ∙ 97 ∙ 98 ∙ 99 ∙ 100 ∙ 101
Related topics Union List State List Concurrent List Basic structure doctrine

References

↑ http://lawmin.nic.in/coi/EIGHTH-SCHEDULE.pdf This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
↑ "The Constitution of India (1949)" (PDF). Lok Sabha Secretariat. p. 1189. Retrieved 5 December 2013. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
↑ "Texts of the Constitution Amendment Acts" (PDF). Lok Sabha Secretariat. pp. 615–616. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
↑ "The Constitution (Seventy-first Amendment) Act, 1992". Retrieved 5 December 2013. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
1 2 3 R.C. Bhardwaj, ed. (1 January 1995). Constitution Amendment in India (Sixth ed.). New Delhi: Northern Book Centre. pp. 124;217;451–452. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
↑ "The Constitution (Amendment) Acts". Constitution.org. Retrieved 2013-12-05. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
↑ "Constitution Amendment in India" (PDF). Lok Sabha Secretariat. p. 256. Retrieved 5 December 2013.

Indian Legislations

Constitution of India (amendments) Indian Penal Code CrPC

In Force

Corruption	Benami Transactions Black Money Corruption Lokpal Mines & Minerals Act 2015 Money Laundering Whistle Blowers

Criminal	Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act Armed Forces Tribunal Act, 2007 Arms Act, 1959 Army Act Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013 Indian Evidence Act Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 National Security Act (India) Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013

Education	National Institutes of Technology Act, 2007 Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act University Grants Commission Act, 1956

Environment	Biological Diversity Act, 2002 Environment Protection Act, 1986 Indian Forest Act, 1927 National Green Tribunal Act Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act, 2001 The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 CAMPA bill Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

Financial	The High Denomination Bank Notes (Demonetisation) Act, 1978 Aadhaar Act COFEPOSA Depositories Act Expenditure Tax Act, 1987 Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003 Foreign Contribution Regulation Act Foreign Exchange Management Act Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 The Income-tax Act, 1961 Indian Stamp Act, 1899 Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code Insurance Act, 1938 National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Electricity Act Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 The Competition Act, 2002 Securities Laws (Amendment) Act, 2014 Street Vendors Act, 2014 Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976

Healthcare	Central Council of Homoeopathy Act, 1973 Clinical Establishments Act Dentist Act Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 Drugs and Magic Remedies Act Indian Medical Council Act Mental Health Act, 1987 Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985

Personal	Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act (1956) The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act Hindu Succession Act, 1956 Special Marriage Act, 1954 The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act 1986

Social	Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Essential Commodities Act Essential Services Maintenance Act Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act National Food Security Act, 2013 Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994 Societies' Registration Act The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act Persons With Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995

State Laws	Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Act Chhattisgarh Food Security Act, 2012 Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act The Gujarat Local Authorities Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2009 Puducherry Prevention of Anti-Social Activities Act

State Reorganisation	Chattisgarh Jharkhand Punjab States Telangana Uttarakhand

Terrorism	Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act

Transportation	Aircraft Act Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 National Waterways Act, 2016 Inland Vessels Act Metro Railways Act, 1978 Metro Railway Act, 2002

Organisation / Body	Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 Companies Act 2013 Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008 Indian Trusts Act, 1882 Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act 1996 Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934

Other	Delimitation Act Enemy Property Act, 1968 Information Technology Act, 2000 Nuclear Liability Act Representation of the People Act, 1951 Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 Right to Information Act, 2005 State Emblem of India (Prohibition of Improper Use) Act, 2005 The Foreigners Act, 1946

Repealed

Pre-Independence	Age of Consent Act, 1891 Criminal Tribes Act Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856 Land Acquisition Act 1894 Official Secrets Act (India)

Post-Independence	Anti-Copying Act, 1992 Foreign Exchange Regulation Act Gift Tax Act, 1958 Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunal) Act, 1983 Interest Tax Act, 1974 Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 Maintenance of Internal Security Act Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act The Gold (Control) Act, 1968 The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 Wealth Tax Act, 1957

Bills

Proposed	Marriage Laws Amendment Bill Road Transport and Safety Bill Uniform civil code Geospatial Information Regulation Bill Gujarat Control of Organised Crime Act Taxation Laws (Second Amendment) Bill, 2016

Lapsed	Women's Reservation Bill

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Seventy-first Amendment of the Constitution of India

Text

Proposal and enactment

See also

References