Sovetskaya Gavan

Sovetskaya Gavan (English)
Советская Гавань (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

Sovetskaya Gavan Administration building

Location of Khabarovsk Krai in Russia
Sovetskaya Gavan
Location of Sovetskaya Gavan in Khabarovsk Krai
Coordinates: 48°58′N 140°17′E / 48.967°N 140.283°E / 48.967; 140.283Coordinates: 48°58′N 140°17′E / 48.967°N 140.283°E / 48.967; 140.283
Flag
Administrative status (as of September 2011)
Country Russia
Federal subject Khabarovsk Krai[1]
Administratively subordinated to town of krai significance of Sovetskaya Gavan[1]
Administrative center of town of krai significance of Sovetskaya Gavan,[2] Sovetsko-Gavansky District[2]
Municipal status (as of October 2010)
Municipal district Sovetsko-Gavansky Municipal District[3]
Urban settlement Sovetskaya Gavan Urban Settlement[3]
Administrative center of Sovetsko-Gavansky Municipal District,[4] Sovetskaya Gavan Urban Settlement
Head Pavel Borovsky
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 27,712 inhabitants[5]
Time zone VLAT (UTC+10:00)[6]
Founded August 4, 1853
Town status since 1941
Previous names Imperatorskaya Gavan (until 1922)
Postal code(s)[7] 682880
Dialing code(s) +7 42138
Official website
Sovetskaya Gavan on Wikimedia Commons

Sovetskaya Gavan (Russian: Сове́тская Га́вань, lit. Soviet harbor) is a town in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, and a port on the Strait of Tartary which connects the Sea of Okhotsk in the north with the Sea of Japan in the south. Population: 27,712 (2010 Census);[5] 30,480 (2002 Census);[8] 34,915 (1989 Census).[9]

Name

The name of the town is often informally abbreviated to "Sovgavan" (Совгавань).

History

On May 23, 1853, Lt. Nikolay Konstantinovich Boshnyak of the Russian-American Company ship Nikolay discovered the bay on which Sovetskaya Gavan is located and named it Khadzhi Bay. On August 4, 1853, Captain Gennady Nevelskoy founded a military post named after Admiral Grand Duke Konstantin, and renamed the bay to Imperatorskaya Gavan ('Emperor's Harbor'), after the then reigning Emperor Nicholas I. Nikolay Boshnyak was appointed the commander of the post, which became the first Russian settlement in the area, and the predecessor of today's Sovetskaya Gavan.[10]

After the abandonment of the military post before 1900, the area became a center for timber production, including concessions to companies from other countries such as Canada.

The bay and the settlement were renamed Sovetskaya Gavan in 1922.

During World War II, construction was begun on a railway from the right bank of the Amur River near Komsomolsk-on-Amur to the Pacific coast, with Sovetskaya Gavan chosen as the endpoint. Sovetskaya Gavan was granted town status in 1941; the railway reached the town in 1945. This section of railway was the first section to be completed of what would later become the Baikal-Amur Mainline.

From 1950 until 1954, the town was the site of the prison camp Ulminlag of the gulag system.

In 1958, the town's northern neighborhood, on the Vanino Bay, was separated into a separate urban-type settlement of Vanino.

In 1963-1964, six sounding rockets of "Kosmos 2"-type were launched. They reached the height of 402 kilometers (250 mi).[11]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Sovetskaya Gavan serves as the administrative center of Sovetsko-Gavansky District[2] even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of krai significance of Sovetskaya Gavan—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the town of krai significance of Sovetskaya Gavan is incorporated within Sovetsko-Gavansky Municipal District as Sovetskaya Gavan Urban Settlement.[3]

Economy

Sovetskaya Gavan's economy is largely dependent on the harbor and related activities; the town has a deep water port for cargo and fishing vessels, as well as ship repair facilities. There is also some foodstuffs production, such as fish processing.

Transportation

In 1973, a rail ferry link to the island Sakhalin was opened, joining the mainland at Vanino, 30 kilometers (19 mi) north of Sovetskaya Gavan. Whilst this diminished Sovetskaya Gavan's importance as a trading port, until the 1990s it remained an important supply harbor for the Russian Pacific Fleet.

Sovetskaya Gavan is connected by rail with Komsomolsk-on-Amur, the section of line being the most easterly section of the Baikal-Amur Mainline.

The town is served by Kamenny Ruchey naval airfield (also known as Mongokhto) as well as the May-gatka Airport and Mayskiy Airport airbase .

Sister city

Climate

Sovetskaya Gavan has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). The mild September temperatures caused by seasonal lag keep the climate within the continental range. Apart from that there is a strong subarctic and Siberian High influence that keeps winters extremely cold for a coastal location at 48 degrees latitude.

Climate data for Sovetskaya Gavan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 0.1
(32.2)		 7.2
(45)		 18.9
(66)		 24.3
(75.7)		 31.0
(87.8)		 35.6
(96.1)		 33.7
(92.7)		 35.0
(95)		 30.2
(86.4)		 27.2
(81)		 17.8
(64)		 13.0
(55.4)		 35.6
(96.1)
Average high °C (°F) −11.4
(11.5)		 −8.6
(16.5)		 −2.1
(28.2)		 5.6
(42.1)		 12.0
(53.6)		 17.2
(63)		 20.5
(68.9)		 21.9
(71.4)		 17.9
(64.2)		 10.0
(50)		 −0.7
(30.7)		 −8.8
(16.2)		 5.7
(42.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −16.6
(2.1)		 −14.3
(6.3)		 −7.2
(19)		 0.9
(33.6)		 6.3
(43.3)		 11.0
(51.8)		 14.9
(58.8)		 16.7
(62.1)		 12.4
(54.3)		 4.6
(40.3)		 −5.7
(21.7)		 −13.6
(7.5)		 0.4
(32.7)
Average low °C (°F) −21.9
(−7.4)		 −20.5
(−4.9)		 −13.4
(7.9)		 −3.8
(25.2)		 1.7
(35.1)		 6.1
(43)		 10.5
(50.9)		 12.2
(54)		 7.1
(44.8)		 −0.7
(30.7)		 −11.1
(12)		 −18.6
(−1.5)		 −4.8
(23.4)
Record low °C (°F) −36.1
(−33)		 −34.2
(−29.6)		 −27.8
(−18)		 −17.2
(1)		 −6.3
(20.7)		 −1.1
(30)		 1.0
(33.8)		 1.0
(33.8)		 −10.0
(14)		 −19.0
(−2.2)		 −24.0
(−11.2)		 −36.1
(−33)		 −36.1
(−33)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 23.3
(0.917)		 30.8
(1.213)		 32.7
(1.287)		 39.7
(1.563)		 64.0
(2.52)		 78.5
(3.091)		 91.5
(3.602)		 107.6
(4.236)		 98.5
(3.878)		 63.8
(2.512)		 42.2
(1.661)		 32.8
(1.291)		 705.4
(27.772)
Average precipitation days 13 9 12 12 15 15 14 17 14 10 12 16 159
Source:

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Resolution #143-pr, Article 3
  2. 1 2 3 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 08 242», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 08 242, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  3. 1 2 3 Law #191
  4. ↑ Law #264
  5. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  7. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  8. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Герб города Советская Гавань (The Coat of Arms of the Town of Sovetskaya Gavan) (Russian)
  11. ↑

Sources

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