Supreme Council for National Reconstruction

Supreme Council for National Reconstruction of the Republic of Korea
대한민국
국가재건최고회의
大韓民國
國家再建最高會議
1961–1963
Flag of South Korea. Emblem of South Korea
Flag Emblem
South Korea in Green.
Capital Seoul
Languages Korean
Government Military junta
Chairman
 •  1961 Chang Do-yong
 • 1961–1963 Park Chung-hee
Legislature National Assembly suspended
Historical era Cold War
 •  May 16th coup 16 May 1961
 •  Establishment of the Third Republic 17 December 1963
Currency South Korean won
Preceded by 		Succeeded by
Second Republic of South Korea
Third Republic of South Korea
Today part of  South Korea
Supreme Council for National Reconstruction
Hangul 국가재건최고회의
Hanja 國家再建最高會議
Revised Romanization Gukga Jaegeon Choego Hoe-ui
McCune–Reischauer Kukka Chaekǒn Ch'oego Hoeǔi
Part of a series on the
History of South Korea
USAMGIK 1945–48
First Republic 1948–60
 : Korean War 1950–53
 : Syngman Rhee administration 1948–60
 : April Revolution 1960
 : Heo Jeong Caretaker Government 1960
Second Republic 1960–61
 : Jang Myeon Cabinet 1960–61
 : May 16 coup 1961
Constitutional Vacuum 1961–63
 : Yoon Bo-seon administration 1961–62
 : First Junta 1961–63
Third Republic 1963–72
 : Park Chung-hee administration 1963–72
 : Self-coup of Park Chung-hee 1972
Fourth Republic 1972–81
 : Assassination of Park Chung-hee 1979
 : Coup d'état of December Twelfth 1979
 : Coup d'état of May Seventeenth 1980
 : Gwangju Uprising 1980
 : Second Junta 1980–81
Fifth Republic 1981–87
 : Chun Doo-hwan administration 1981–87
 : June Democratic Uprising 1987
 : Grand Labor Struggle 1987
Sixth Republic 1987–present
 : Roh Tae-woo administration 1987–93
 : Kim Young-sam administration 1993–98
 : National Moratorium 1997–2001
 : Kim Dae-jung administration 1998–2003
 : Roh Moo-hyun administration 2003–2008
 : Lee Myung-bak administration 2008–2013
 : Park Geun-hye administration 2013–present
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The Supreme Council for National Reconstruction, initially named the Military Revolutionary Committee, was a military junta that oversaw the government of South Korea from May 16, 1961 until the inauguration of the Third Republic of South Korea in 1963. It was composed largely of military officers who were involved in or supportive of the May 16 coup which overthrew the Second Republic of South Korea. The council was chaired initially by Chang Do-yong, and subsequently by Park Chung-hee. The president of the Second Republic, Yun Po-sun, stayed in office as a figurehead.

Key events

A military coup led by Major General (later Lieutenant General/General) Park Chung-hee on May 16, 1961 put an effective end to the Second Republic. Park was one of a group of military leaders who had been pushing for the de-politicization of the military. Dissatisfied with the cleanup measures undertaken by the Second Republic, they chose to take matters into their own hands.

The military leaders promised to return the government to a democratic system as soon as possible. On December 2, 1962, a referendum was held on returning to a presidential system of rule, which was allegedly passed with a 78% majority.[1] Park and the other military leaders pledged not to run for office in the next elections. However, Park ran for president anyway, winning narrowly in the election of 1963.[1]

Economy

The Supreme Council was the first South Korean government to introduce economic planning. The first South Korean five-year plan was inaugurated in 1962. Although the Second Republic had laid the groundwork for such plans, it had not been able to put them into practice.

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Yonhap (2004, p. 271).

References

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