Timeline of Mombasa

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mombasa, Coast Province, Kenya.

14th-18th centuries

Mombaza, 16th century

• 1331 - Ibn Battuta, a Moroccan traveler, visits Mombasa.^[1]
• 1498 - 8 April: Vasco da Gama anchors in port.^[2]
• 1505 - Town sacked by Portuguese forces of Francisco de Almeida.^[2]
• 1507 - Mandhry Mosque built.^[3]
• 1528 - Town sacked by Portuguese forces of Nuno da Cunha.^[2]
• 1529 - Portuguese in power.^[4]
• 1588 - Town captured by Amir Ali Bey.^[2]
• 1593 - Town under rule of Malindi.^[5]
• 1594 - Fort Jesus built by Portuguese.^[6]
• 1597 - Augustinian mission initiated.^[7]
• 1631 - Portuguese "expelled."^[8][9]
• 1632 - Town besieged by Portuguese forces.^[7]
• 1661 - Town sacked by Omani forces.^[10]
• 1696 - Siege of Fort Jesus by Omani forces.^[10]
• 1698 - Sultanate of Oman in power.^[7]
• 1734 - Mazrui in power.^[7]

19th century

• 1837 - Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman in power.^[7]
• 1887 - Mombasa "leased to the British East Africa Company;"^[7] town becomes capital of British East Africa Protectorate.^[4]
• 1895 - Government Press established.^[11]
• 1896
  • Kilindini Harbour inaugurated.
  • National Bank of India branch^[12][13] and Mombasa Club established.^[14]
• 1897 - Population on island: 15,000-20,000 (estimate).^[6]
• 1899 - Post office built.^[15]

20th century

• 1901
  • Uganda Railway (Kisumu-Mombasa) begins operating.^[16]
  • African Standard newspaper begins publication.^[16]
  • Jevanjee mosque built.^[15]
• 1902 - Court of Kenya established.^[17]
• 1903 - Seif Bin Salim public library founded.^[18]
• 1904 - Africa Hotel in business.^[15]
• 1905
  • Mombasa Cathedral opens.^[19]
  • Court of Kenya relocated from Mombasa to Nairobi.^[17]
• 1907 - Slavery abolished.^[20]
• 1920 - Town becomes part of British Protectorate of Kenya.
• 1927 - Kenya Daily Mail newspaper begins publication.^[21]
• 1931 - Nyali Bridge built.
• 1944 - Aga Khan Hospital, Mombasa established.
• 1951 - Mombasa Institute of Muslim Education opens.^[22]
• 1955 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Mombasa and Zanzibar established.
• 1958 - Oceanic Hotel built.^[3]
• 1960 - Population: 57,324.^[4]
• 1963
  • Msanifu Kombo becomes mayor.^[23]
  • Town becomes part of Republic of Kenya.
• 1973 - 27 April: MV Globe Star ship runs aground near Mombasa.
• 1979 - Moi International Airport expanded.
• 1980 - New Nyali Bridge built.
• 1981
  • Mombasa Records Centre of the Kenya National Archives established.^[18]
  • Sister city relationship established with Seattle, USA.^[24]
• 1984 - New Burhani Mosque built.^[3]
• 1985 - Mombasa Marathon begins.
• 1986 - Marine Park established.
• 1990 - Population: 476,000 (urban agglomeration).^[25]
• 1998 - Najib Balala becomes mayor.
• 1999
  • Mombasa Republican Council formed.
  • Coast Gymkhana Club Ground in use.

21st century

• 2000 - Population: 687,000 (urban agglomeration).^[25]
• 2002 - 28 November: 2002 Mombasa attacks.
• 2003 - Aga Khan Academy, Mombasa established in Kilindini.^[3]
• 2005 - Population: 830,000 (urban agglomeration).^[25]
• 2007 - Mombasa Polytechnic University College established.^[22]
• 2009
  • Ahmed Mohdhar elected mayor.^[26]
  • Population: 523,183.^[27]
• 2012
  • 15 May: Grenade attack in Bella Vista nightclub.
  • 27 August: Cleric Aboud Rogo killed; unrest ensues.^[28][29]
• 2013
  • October: Cleric Sheikh Ibrahim killed; unrest ensues.^[28]
  • Mombasa polytechnic university college was promoted to a fully developed university now known as Technical University Of Mombasa.

See also

• Mombasa history
• Mombasa District

other cities in Kenya

• Timeline of Nairobi

References

1. Ibn Battuta, "The Journeys of Ibn Battuta
2. Sue Montgomery (1996), "Mombasa", in Trudy Ring, Middle East and Africa, International Dictionary of Historic Places, Routledge, pp. 512–516, ISBN 9781884964039
3. ArchNet.org. "Mombasa". Massachusetts, USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 23 September 2011.
4. Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M
5. Marc J. Swartz (1979). "Religious Courts, Community, and Ethnicity among the Swahili of Mombasa: An Historical Study of Social Boundaries". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. 49. JSTOR 1159503.
6. Algernon F.R. de Horsey (1897), "(Mombasa)", Africa Pilot (6th ed.), London: Great Britain. Admiralty
7. C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Mombasa". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 9004153888.
8. Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Mombaca", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
9. G.S.P. Freeman-Grenville, ed. (1980), The Mombasa rising against the Portuguese, 1631, London: Published for the British Academy by the Oxford University Press, ISBN 0197259928
10. Mano Sassoon (1982). "Sinking of the Santo Antonio de Tanna in Mombasa Harbour". Paideuma. 28: 101–108. JSTOR 41409877.
11. "Government Press". Nairobi: Ministry of State for Provincial Administration and Internal Security. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
12. Andrew K. Mullei and Joshua M. Ng'elu (1990). "Evolution, Structure and Performance of Kenya's Financial System". Savings and Development. 14. JSTOR 25830234.
13. Robert M. Maxon (1992). "Colonial Financial System". In William Robert Ochieng and Robert M. Maxon. Economic History of Kenya. East African Publishers. p. 249+. ISBN 996646963X.
14. P.J.L. Frankl (2001). "The Early Years of the Mombasa Club: A Home Away from Home for European-Christians". History in Africa. 28.
15. Brian Hoyle (2001). "Urban renewal in East African port cities: Mombasa's Old Town waterfront". GeoJournal. 53. JSTOR 41147599.
16. R.T. Ogonda (1992). "Transport and Communications in the Colonial Economy". In William Robert Ochieng and Robert M. Maxon. Economic History of Kenya. East African Publishers. p. 129+. ISBN 996646963X.
17. Savita Nair (2008), "Shops and Stations: Rethinking Power and Privilege in British/Indian East Africa", in John C. Hawley, India in Africa, Africa in India, Indiana University Press, ISBN 9780253351210
18. Irene Muthoni Kibandi; et al. (2010), "Kenya: Libraries, Museums and Archives", in Marcia J. Bates, Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
19. P.J.L. Frankl (2008). "Mombasa Cathedral and the CMS Compound: The Years of the East Africa Protectorate". History in Africa. 35. JSTOR 25483723.
20. Margaret Strobel (1975). "Women's Wedding Celebrations in Mombasa, Kenya". African Studies Review. 18. JSTOR 523720.
21. "Mombasa (Kenya) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
22. "History". Technical University of Mombasa. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
23. Richard Stren (1970). "Factional Politics and Central Control in Mombasa, 1960-1969". Canadian Journal of African Studies. 4. JSTOR 483741.
24. "Seattle's 21 Sister Cities". USA: City of Seattle. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
25. "The State of African Cities 2010: Governance, Inequalities and Urban Land Markets". United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2010.
26. "Mayor faces tough battle in poll". Daily Nation. 12 June 2011.
27. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.
28. "Kenya Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
29. "Kenya: Murder of Muslim Cleric in Mombasa Sparks Riots". Global Voices. 6 September 2012.

Further reading

Published in the 20th century

• "Mombassa". Meyers Grosses Konversations-Lexikon (in German). 1906.
• "Mombasa", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica Co., 1910, OCLC 14782424
• Frederick Treves (1910), "Mombasa", Uganda for a holiday, London: Smith, Elder & Co., OCLC 33285047
• "Mombasa". The Red Book 1922-23: Handbook and Directory for Kenya Colony and Protectorate, Uganda Protectorate, Tanganyika Territory, and Zanzibar Sultanate. Nairobi: East Africa Standard Ltd. 1922.
• John Milner Gray (1957), The British in Mombasa, 1824-1826, London: Macmillan, OCLC 2629449
• C.R. Boxer (1960), Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa, 1593-1729, London: Hollis & Carter, OCLC 939150
• Irene S. van Dongen (1963). "Mombasa in the Land and Sea Exchanges of East Africa". Erdkunde. 17. doi:10.3112/erdkunde.1963.01.02.
• F.J. Berg (1968). "The Swahili Community of Mombasa, 1500-1900". Journal of African History. 9.
• Harm J. De Blij (1968), Mombasa: an African city, Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press
• Hyder Kindy (1972). Life and Politics in Mombasa.
• G.S.P. Freeman-Grenville, ed. (1975), "History of Mombasa", The East African Coast: Select Documents (2nd ed.), London: Collings, ISBN 0901720852
• John H. A. Jewell (1976), Mombasa, the friendly town, Nairobi: East African Pub. House
• Kurula Varkey and Klaus Roesch, ed. (1981). Report on Pilot Study for Conservation and Revitalization of Old Town Mombasa. Nairobi.
• James Kirkman (1983). "The Muzungulos of Mombasa". International Journal of African Historical Studies. 16.
• J. Maitland-Jones; et al. (1985). Old Town Mombasa: A Historical Guide. Mombasa: Friends of Fort Jesus.

Published in the 21st century

• Demand for housing in urban Kenya: The case of households in Nairobi and Mombasa counties, 2013 – via Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis
• Isolde Brielmaier (2013). "Mombasa on Display: Photography and the Formation of an Urban Public, from the 1940s Onward". In John Peffer and Elisabeth L. Cameron. Portraiture and Photography in Africa. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-00872-7.

External links

Media related to Mombasa at Wikimedia Commons

• "(Articles related to Mombasa)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Mombasa, various dates