Timeline of Saint Petersburg

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Saint Petersburg, Russia.

17th-18th centuries

• 1611 – Nyenschantz built by Swedes.
• 1703
  • City founded by Tsar Peter the Great
  • Cabin of Peter the Great built.
  • Artillery museum formed.^[1]
• 1709 – Petrischule founded.
• 1710 – Saint Sampson's Church built.
• 1711 – Menshikov Palace opens.
• 1712
  • City becomes capital of Russian Empire.
  • Winter Palace built.
• 1714
  • Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences founded.
  • Summer Palace of Peter the Great built.
• 1716 – Catholic Church of St. Catherine founded.
• 1718 – Saint Petersburg Police established.
• 1719 – Summer Garden laid out.
• 1720
  • Hermitage Bridge opens.
  • New Holland Island created.
• 1721 – Ligovsky Canal constructed.
• 1724
  • Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences founded.
  • Saint Petersburg Mint founded.
• 1725
  • Peterhof Palace built (approximate date).
  • Death of Peter the Great.
• 1727 – Kunstkamera built.
• 1728 – State capital moves to St. Petersburg from Moscow.
• 1731 – Cadet Corps founded.
• 1733 – Peter and Paul Cathedral built.
• 1736 – Fire.
• 1738 – Imperial Ballet School established.
• 1740
  • Peter and Paul Fortress built.
  • Mariinsky Ballet founded (approximate date).
• 1744
  • Lomonosov Porcelain Factory founded.
  • Twelve Collegia built.
• 1748 – Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery opens.
• 1754
  • Stroganov Palace built.
  • Anichkov Palace built.
  • Transfiguration Cathedral built.
• 1756 – Alexandrinsky Theatre founded.
• 1757
  • Academy of the Three Noblest Arts founded.
  • Vorontsov Palace built.
• 1759 – Page Corps founded.
• 1762 – Winter Palace built.
• 1764
  • Hermitage Museum established.
  • Institute for Noble Maidens founded.
• 1770
  • Foundling Hospital established.^[2]
  • Moika Palace built.
• 1771 – Chicherin House built.
• 1773
  • Mining School established.
  • Volkovo Cemetery established.
• 1774 – Roller coaster pavilion built at Oranienbaum.
• 1779 – Free Russian Theatre opens.
• 1780
  • Saint Andrew's Cathedral consecrated.
  • Chesme Church built.
• 1782 – Bronze Horseman monument unveiled.
• 1783
  • Russian Imperial Opera Orchestra formed.
  • Kamenny Theatre opens.
• 1785
  • City Duma established.
  • Hermitage Theatre opens.
  • Great Gostiny Dvor built.
  • Marble Palace built.

19th century

Map of St. Petersburg, 1880s

• 1801
  • Friendly Society of Aficionados of Elegance formed.
  • Saint Michael's Castle built.
  • Tsarina's Meadow renamed Field of Mars.
• 1802 – Saint Petersburg Philharmonia formed.
• 1804 – Petersburg Pedagogical Institute established.
• 1805 – Russian Naval Museum established.
• 1806 – Police Bridge rebuilt.
• 1807 – Constantine Palace built.
• 1808 – Smolny Institute building constructed.
• 1810
  • Military Engineering school established.
  • Stock Exchange built.
• 1811 – Kazan Cathedral built.
• 1812 – Syn otechestva begins publication.
• 1813 – Red Bridge built.
• 1814
  • Imperial Public Library opens.
  • Narva Triumphal Arch erected.
• 1818
  • Otechestvennye Zapiski begins publication.
  • Blue Bridge built.
  • Asiatic Museum founded.
• 1819 – Saint Petersburg University formed.
• 1822 – Yelagin Palace built.
• 1823 – Admiralty building rebuilt.
• 1825
  • December – Interregnum.
  • Decembrist revolt.
  • Northern Bee begins publication.
  • Mikhaylovsky Palace built.
• 1826 – Kamenny Island Theatre building constructed.
• 1829 – General Staff Building constructed.
• 1832 – Zoological Museum established.
• 1833
  • Obvodny Canal opens.
  • Mikhaylovsky Theatre founded.
• 1834 – Alexander Column unveiled.
• 1835
  • Imperial School of Jurisprudence founded.
  • Trinity Cathedral built.
• 1836
  • Sovremennik begins publication.
  • Premiere of Glinka's opera A Life for the Tsar.^[3]
• 1838 – Moscow Triumphal Gate erected.
• 1839
  • Observatory opens.
  • Bolshoi Zal built.
• 1842 – Alexander Park established.
• 1844 – Mariinsky Palace built.
• 1848 – Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace expanded.
• 1850 – Blagoveshchensky Bridge built.
• 1851
  • Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway begins operating.
  • Nicholaevsky rail terminal opens.
• 1858 – Saint Isaac's Cathedral built.
• 1860 – Mariinsky Theatre opens.
• 1861 – Nicholas Palace and New Michael Palace built.
• 1862
  • Saint Petersburg Conservatory founded.
  • New Michael Palace built.
  • November: Premiere of Verdi's opera La forza del destino.^[4]
• 1863 – Pavel Military School established.
• 1866
  • Vestnik Evropy begins publication.
  • Dostoyevsky's fictional Crime and Punishment published.
• 1867 – Khlebnikov founded.
• 1869 - Population: 667,926.^[5]
• 1870 – Riihimäki – Saint Petersburg Railway constructed.
• 1874 - Premiere of Musorgsky's opera Boris Godunov.^[6]
• 1876 – School of Technical Drawing founded.
• 1877 – Ciniselli Circus opens.
• 1878 – Bestuzhev Courses and Stieglitz Museum established.
• 1879
  • Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography established.
  • Nobel Brothers Petroleum Company headquartered in city.
• 1882 – Imperial Music Choir formed.^[7]
• 1890 – Saint Petersburg Prison for Solitary Confinment built.
• 1893 - Premiere of Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6.^[8]
• 1894 – Ves Peterburg directory begins publication.
• 1895 – Russian Museum established.
• 1897 - Population: 1,267,023.

20th century

1900s–1940s

• 1900
  • Russian cruiser Aurora launched.
  • Suvorov Museum founded.
• 1905
  • January – Bloody Sunday.^[9]
  • October – Saint Petersburg Soviet formed.
• 1907 – Electric trams begin operating.
• 1909 – Na Liteinom Theatre founded.
• 1910 - March: Soyuz Molodyozhi art exhibit held.^[10]
• 1913 - Population: 2,318,645.^[11]
• 1914 – City renamed "Petrograd."
• 1916
  • Grigori Rasputin assassinated.
  • Palace Bridge built.
• 1917
  • February Revolution begins.^[12]
  • March – Petrograd Soviet formed.
  • July Days.
  • August – Golos Truda begins publication.
  • October Revolution.
• 1918
  • State capital moves to Moscow from Petrograd.
  • Osobaya Drammaticheskaya Truppa organized.
  • Ioffe Institute established.
• 1920 – Theatrical re-enactment of Storming of the Winter Palace.
• 1921 – Art Culture Museum opens.
• 1922 – Leningrad Young People's Theatre opens.
• 1923 – Russian Museum of Ethnography opens.
• 1924 – City renamed Leningrad.
• 1928 – Circus museum opens.
• 1929 – Young Theatre founded.
• 1931 – Komarov Botanical Institute and Leningrad Radio Orchestra established.
• 1932
  • Shosseynaya Airport begins operating.
  • Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists and St Petersburg Union of Composers founded.
  • Bolshoy Dom built.
  • Avrora Cinema active.^[13]
• 1934
  • Sergey Kirov assassinated.
  • Leningrad Secondary Art School established.
  • Premiere of Shostakovich's opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District.
• 1936
  • Arctic and Antarctic Museum opens.
  • Memorial Lenin Komsomol Theatre established.
• 1938 – Museum of History and Development of Leningrad established.
• 1941
  • Siege of Leningrad begins.
  • Road of Life begins operating.
• 1942 – Russian Museum of Military Medicine founded.
• 1944
  • Siege of Leningrad ends.
  • State Puppet Theatre of Fairy Tales established.
• 1946 – Moskovsky Victory Park opens.
• 1949 – Leningrad Affair.

1950s–1990s

• 1953
  • Pavlovsky District becomes part of city.
  • Pushkin Museum established.
• 1954 – Levashovo, Pargolovo, and Pesochny become part of city.
• 1955 – Saint Petersburg Metro begins operating.
• 1962 – Saint Petersburg TV Tower constructed.
• 1963 – Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-124 Neva river ditching.
• 1967 – Museum of Electrical Transport established.
• 1971
  • Dostoevsky Museum opens.
  • Rimsky-Korsakov Museum established.
• 1974 – Na Fontanke Youth Theatre founded.
• 1981 – Leningrad Rock Club opens.
• 1984
  • Teatralnaya laboratoriya founded.
  • Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, United States.^[14]
• 1987
  • Na Neve Theatre opens.
  • Zazerkalie (theatre) opens.
• 1988 – Xenia of Saint Petersburg canonized.
• 1989
  • Komedianty Theatre founded.
  • Akhmatova Museum opens.
• 1990 – Ostrov Theatre opens.
• 1991
  • City renamed Saint Petersburg.
  • Flag design adopted.
  • Anatoly Aleksandrovich Sobchak becomes mayor.
• 1993 – Tunnel nightclub opens.
• 1994
  • Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg formed.
  • St Petersburg Ballet Theatre founded.
• 1996 – Vladimir Anatolyevich Yakovlev becomes city governor.
• 1997 – Toy Museum established.
• 1998
  • Politician Galina Starovoytova assassinated.
  • Nabokov Museum opens.

21st century

• 2000 – City designated administrative center of Northwestern Federal District.
• 2003
  • Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Beglov becomes city governor, succeeded by Valentina Ivanovna Matvienko.
  • Peter & Paul Jazz Festival begins.
  • Museum of Optical Technologies opens.
• 2004
  • Big Obukhovsky Bridge opens.
  • Sergey Kuryokhin Center for Modern Art established.
• 2005 – Gas incident.
• 2006 – 32nd G8 summit held.
• 2007 – Dissenters' March.^[15]
• 2008 – Side by Side (film festival) begins.
• 2009 – Gallery of Contemporary Sculpture and Plastic Arts opens.
• 2010
  • Yota Space art festival begins.
  • Erarta art museum established.
• 2011
  • Georgy Sergeyevich Poltavchenko becomes city governor.
  • Saint Petersburg Dam inaugurated.
  • Saint Petersburg Ring Road opens.
  • St. Petersburg International Legal Forum begins.
• 2013 – September: 2013 G-20 Saint Petersburg summit.

See also

• History of Saint Petersburg
• Governor of Saint Petersburg
• Floods in Saint Petersburg
• List of theatres in Saint Petersburg

Disambiguation pages

• Convention of St Petersburg (disambiguation)
• Saint Petersburg Declaration (disambiguation)
• Treaty of Saint Petersburg (disambiguation)

References

1. Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps. "History of museum". St. Petersburg. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
2. W. Pembroke Fetridge (1874), "St. Petersburg", Harper's Hand-Book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
3. Radio 3. "Opera Timeline". BBC. Retrieved March 2015. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
4. Roger Parker, ed. (2001). Oxford Illustrated History of Opera. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-285445-2.
5. "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1880.
6. "Timeline of opera", Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, retrieved March 2015 Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
7. Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
8. Claude Egerton Lowe (1896). "Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music". Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. London: Weekes & Co.
9. Chris Cook; John Stevenson (2003). "Russian Revolution (chronology)". Longman Handbook of Twentieth Century Europe. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-89224-3.
10. Chris Michaelides, ed. (2007). "Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 1900─1937". Breaking the Rules: The Printed Face of the European Avant Garde 1900-1937. Online Exhibitions. British Library.
11. "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
12. "On This Day", New York Times, retrieved November 2014 Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
13. "Movie Theaters in St. Petersburg". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
14. "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Retrieved December 2015. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
15. "Russia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved September 6, 2013.

Further reading

Published in the 18th or 19th century

• Joseph Marshall (1773), "Petersburg", Travels through Holland, Flanders, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Lapland, Russia, the Ukraine & Poland in the years 1768, 1769, & 1770 (2nd ed.), London: Printed for J. Almon
• William Coxe (1784), "Petersburgh", Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark, London: Printed by J. Nichols, for T. Cadell, OCLC 654136
• Conrad Malte-Brun (1827), "Petersburg", Universal Geography, 6, Edinburgh: Adam Black
• Josiah Conder (1830), "St. Petersburgh", Russia, The Modern Traveller, 17, London: J.Duncan
• David Brewster, ed. (1832). "St. Petersburg". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. 15. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker.
• Francis Coghlan (1834). Guide to St. Petersburgh and Moscow. London.
• John Thomson (1845), "St. Petersburg", New Universal Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn
• "St. Petersburg". Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (2nd ed.). London: John Murray. 1868.
• John Ramsay McCulloch (1880), "Petersburg", in Hugh G. Reid, A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
• Maturin Murray Ballou (1887), "(St. Petersburg)", Due North; or, Glimpses of Scandinavia and Russia, Boston: Ticknor and Company

Published in the 20th century

• Annette M.B. Meakin (1906). "St. Petersburg". Russia, Travels and Studies. London: Hurst and Blackett. OCLC 3664651.
• "St. Petersburg", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "St. Petersburg", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
• Ruth Kedzie Wood (1912), "The Capital", The Tourist's Russia, New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, OCLC 526774
• Nevin O. Winter (1913). "The Capital". Russian Empire of To-day and Yesterday. Boston: L. C. Page.
• "St. Petersburg", Russia, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163
• Francis Whiting Halsey, ed. (1914). "St. Petersburg". Russia, Scandinavia, and the Southeast. Seeing Europe with Famous Authors. 10. Funk & Wagnalls Company – via Hathi Trust.
• Harold Whitmore Williams (1915), "In the Chief City", Russia of the Russians, New York: C. Scribner's Sons
• James William Barnes Steveni (1916), Petrograd, Past and Present, Philadelphia: Lippincott, OCLC 2399981
• Ian M. Matley (1981). "Defense Manufactures of St. Petersburg 1703–1730". Geographical Review. 71. JSTOR 214506.
• "Russia: St. Petersburg", Europe, Let's Go, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999, p. 757+, OL 15158051W
• "St Petersburg", Scandinavian & Baltic Europe (4th ed.), Lonely Planet, 1999, p. 438+, OL 8314793M

Published in the 21st century

• Olga Gritsai and Herman van der Wusten (2000). "Moscow and St. Petersburg, a sequence of capitals, a tale of two cities". GeoJournal. 51. JSTOR 41147495.
• Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen (2009). "Planning rationalities among practitioners in St. Petersburg, Russia: Soviet traditions and Western influences". In Jörg Knieling and Frank Othengrafen. Planning Cultures in Europe: Decoding Cultural Phenomena in Urban and Regional Planning. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-7565-5.

External links

Coordinates: 59°57′N 30°18′E / 59.95°N 30.3°E