Typhlops

Typhlops

Typhlops sp. (head)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Vertebrata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Typhlopidae
Genus:	Typhlops Oppel, 1811
Synonyms
Tiphlops - Rafinesque, 1815 Typhlops - Hemprich, 1820 Typhlos - Bonaparte, 1831 Aspidorhynchus Fitzinger, 1843 Gerrhopilus Fitzinger, 1843 Ophthalmidion A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844 Cathetorhinus A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844 Anilios Gray, 1845 Argyrophis Gray, 1845 Meditoria Gray, 1845 Typhlops - Gistel, 1846 Diaphorotyphlops Jan In Jan & Sordelli, 1860 Typhlops - Boulenger, 1893 Typhlops - M.A. Smith, 1922 Ophthalmidium Loveridge, 1957^[1]

Typhlops is a genus of blind snakes found in Europe, Africa, Asia and Central and South America. Currently, 120 species are recognized, accounting for over half of the species in the family Typhlopidae.^[2] Common names include: blind snakes, blindsnakes.^[2]

Geographic range

Snakes of this genus are found in southeastern Europe, the Middle East, tropical and subtropical Asia, most of Africa, Madagascar and certain islands of the Indian Ocean, the Philippines, Moluccas, New Guinea, Central America, South America, and the West Indies.^[1]

Species

Species^[2]	Taxon author^[2]	Subsp.*^[2]	Common name	Geographic range
T. ahsanai	Khan, 1999	0	Ahsan's blind snake
T. andamanensis	Stoliczka, 1871	0	Andaman worm snake
T. angolensis	(Bocage, 1866)	0	Angola blind snake
T. annae	Breuil, 1999	0	Saint Barthélemy blind snake
T. arenarius	(Grandidier, 1872)	0
T. ater	Schlegel, 1839	0
T. beddomii	Boulenger, 1890	0	Beddome's worm snake
T. bibronii	(A. Smith, 1846)	0	Bibron's blind snake
T. biminiensis	Richmond, 1955	1
T. bipartitus	Sauvage, 1879	0
T. bisubocularis	Boettger, 1893	0
T. bothriorhynchus	Günther, 1864	0
T. boulengeri	Bocage, 1893	0
T. brongersmianus	Vanzolini, 1976	0	burrowing snake
T. canlaonensis	Taylor, 1917	0
T. capitulatus	Richmond, 1964	0
T. cariei	Hoffstetter, 1946	0
T. castanotus	Wynn & Leviton, 1993	0
T. catapontus	Thomas, 1966	0
T. caymanensis	Sackett, 1940	0
T. ceylonicus	M.A. Smith, 1943	0
T. coecatus	Jan, 1863	0
T. collaris	Wynn & Leviton, 1993	0
T. comorensis	Boulenger, 1889	0
T. congestus	(A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844)	0
T. conradi	W. Peters, 1874	0
T. costaricensis	Jiménez & Savage, 1963	0
T. cuneirostris	W. Peters, 1879	0
T. decorosus	Buchholz & W. Peters, 1875	0
T. decorsei	Mocquard, 1901	0
T. depressiceps	Sternfeld, 1913	0
T. diardii	Schlegel, 1839	0	Diard's blindsnake
T. domergnei	Roux-Estève, 1980	0
T. dominicanus	Stejneger, 1904	1
T. elegans	W. Peters, 1868	0
T. epactius	Thomas, 1968	0
T. exiguus	Jan, 1864	0	Belgaum worm snake
T. floweri	Boulenger, 1899	0
T. fornasinii	Bianconi, 1847	0	Fornasini's blind snake
T. fredparkeri	Wallach, 1996	0
T. giadinhensis	Bourret, 1937	0
T. gierrai	Mocquard, 1897	0
T. golyathi ^[3]	Domínguez & Moreno, 2009	0	Goliath blindsnake^[4]	Cuba^[4]
T. gonavensis	Richmond, 1964	0
T. granti	Ruthven & Gaige, 1935	0	Grant's blind snake
T. grivensis	Hoffstetter, 1946	0
T. hectus	Thomas, 1974	0
T. hedraeus	Savage, 1950	0
T. hypogius	Savage, 1950	0
T. hypomethes	Hedges & Thomas, 1991	0	Coastal blindsnake
T. hypsobothrius	F. Werner, 1917	0
T. inornatus	Boulenger, 1888	0
T. jamaicensis	(Shaw, 1802)	0
T. jerdoni	Boulenger, 1890	0	Jerdon's worm snake
T. khoratensis	Taylor, 1962	0
T. klemmeri	Taylor, 1962	0
T. koekkoeki	Brongersma, 1934	0
T. koshunensis	Ōshima, 1916	0
T. kraalii	Doria, 1874	0
T. lankaensis	Taylor, 1947	0
T. lehneri	Roux, 1926	0
T. leucomelas	Boulenger, 1890	0
T. leucostictus	Boulenger, 1898	0
T. lineolatus	Jan, 1863	0
T. loveridgei	Constable, 1949	0	Loveridge's worm snake
T. lumbricalis^T	(Linnaeus, 1758)	0
T. luzonensis	Taylor, 1919	0
T. madagascariensis	Boettger, 1877	0
T. madgemintonae	Khan, 1999	1	Madge's blind Snake, Sherman's blind snake
T. malcolmi	Taylor, 1947	0
T. manilae	Taylor, 1919	0
T. manni	Loveridge, 1941	0
T. marxi	Wallach, 1993	0
T. mcdowelli	Wallach, 1996	0
T. microstomus	Cope, 1866	0	Yucatán blind snake
T. minuisquamus	Dixon & Hendricks, 1979	0
T. mirus	Jan, 1860	0
T. monastus	Thomas, 1966	1
T. monensis	K.P. Schmidt, 1926	0	Mona blind snake
T. mucronatus	Boettger, 1880	0
T. oatesii	Boulenger, 1890	0	Andaman Island worm snake
T. obtusus	W. Peters, 1865	0	Slender blind snake
T. ocularis	Parker, 1927	0
T. oligolepis	Wall, 1909	0	few-scaled worm snake
T. pammeces	Günther, 1864	0	Peninsular worm snake
T. paucisquamus	Dixon & Hendricks, 1979	0
T. platycephalus	A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844	0	Flat-headed blindsnake
T. platyrhynchus	Sternfeld, 1910	0
T. porrectus	Stoliczka, 1871	0	Slender worm snake
T. punctatus	(Leach, 1819)	1
T. pusillus	Barbour, 1914	0
T. reticulatus	(Linnaeus, 1758)	0
T. reuteri	Boettger, 1881	0
T. richardii	A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844	0	Richard's blind snake
T. rondoensis	Loveridge, 1942	0
T. rostellatus	Stejneger, 1904	0	Puerto Rican wetland blind snake
T. ruber	Boettger, 1897	0
T. ruficaudus	(Gray, 1845)	0
T. schmidti	Laurent, 1956	1
T. schmutzi	Auffenberg, 1980	0
T. schwartzi	Thomas, 1989	0
T. siamensis	Günther, 1864	0
T. socotranus	Boulenger, 1889	0
T. steinhausi	F. Werner, 1909	0
T. sulcatus	Cope, 1868	0	sulcate blind snake
T. syntherus	Thomas, 1965	0
T. tasymicris	Thomas, 1974	0
T. tenebrarum	Taylor, 1947	0
T. tenuicollis	(W.Peters, 1864)	0
T. tenuis	Salvin, 1860	0
T. tetrathyreus	Thomas, 1989	0
T. thurstoni	Boettger, 1890	0
T. tindalli	M.A. Smith, 1943	0
T. titanops	Thomas, 1989	0
T. trangensis	Taylor, 1962	0
T. trinitatus	Richmond, 1965	0	Trinidad worm snake
T. uluguruensis	Barbour & Loveridge, 1928	0
T. unilineatus	(A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1844)	0
T. veddae	Taylor, 1947	0
T. vermicularis	Merrem, 1820	0
T. violaceus	Taylor, 1947	0
T. wilsoni	Wall, 1908	0
T. yonenagae	Rodriques, 1991	0
T. zenkeri	Sternfeld, 1908	0

*) Not including the nominate subspecies.
^T) Type species.^[1]

Gallery

Motion of a Typhlops, not like an earthworm. (Video shot in Taiwan.)

Images of a Typhlops from Binnaguri, North Bengal, India:

Body of a blind snake. (Typhlops sp.)
Head of a blind snake. (Typhlops sp.)
Tail of a blind snake. (Typhlops sp.)

References

1 2 3 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
1 2 3 4 5 "Typhlops". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 18 August 2007.
↑ Domínguez M, Moreno LV. 2009. Taxonomy of the Cuban blind snakes (Scolecophidia, Typhlopidae), with the description of a new large species. Zootaxa 2028: 59-66. (Typhlops golyathi, new species).
1 2 "Typhlops golyathi ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhlops.

Typhlops at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 29 August 2007.

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