Uruguayan Air Force

Uruguayan Air Force
Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya
FAU emblem.
Active	April 1, 1935
Country	Oriental Republic of Uruguay
Branch	Air Force
Type	Military aviation
Role	"To defend the honor, the independence, and the peace of the Republic, the integrity of its territory, its constitution and its laws. To be an exemplary Air Force, though small according to the possibilities of the country, with a high degree of professionalism and skill, with modern and suitable equipment, capable of dissuasion and being a pride to the nation."[1]
Size	2.148
Part of	Armed Forces of Uruguay
Nickname(s)	FAU
Motto(s)	Aviation vanguard of the homeland
Colors	Blue, red and white
March	FAU march
Mascot(s)	Southern lapwing
Anniversaries	17 March: Air Force Day 10 August: Day of the Martyrs of Military Aviation
Aircraft	89
Website	http://www.fau.mil.uy/
Commanders
Commander in chief of the Air Force	Air Force General Alberto Zanelli
National Director of Civil Aviation and Aviation Infrastructure	Brigadier General Antonio Alarcón
Commander of Air Command Operations	Brigadier General Ismael Alonzo
Commander of Air Command Staff	Brigadier General Luis Pepelescov
Chief of General Staff	Brigadier General Hugo Marenco
Commander of the Air Logistics Command	Brigadier General José Visconti
Insignia
Roundel
Fin Flash
Aircraft flown
Attack	A-37 Dragonfly IA-58 Pucará
Helicopter	AS365 Dauphin UH-1 Iroquois Bell 212
Trainer	T-6 Texan SF.260 PC-7 Turbo Trainer
Transport	C-212 Aviocar C-130 Hercules EMB-110 Bandeirante EMB-120 Brasilia
Beechcraft Baron PA-18 Super Cub T-41 Mescalero Cessna 206

The Uruguayan Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya, abbreviated FAU) is one of the three main branches of the Armed Forces of Uruguay under the Uruguayan Ministry of Defense.

History

XX century

Military aviation in Uruguay was born on 17 March 1913 when the Military Aviation Academy (Escuela de Aviación Militar) was formed at a small airport 50 km from Montevideo. The first aircraft were a Farman Longhorn biplane and a Blériot XI monoplane. As with many other Latin American countries, flight instruction was initially performed by a European (in this case French) instructor. Ten army officers formed the select group chosen to be the first Uruguayan military aviators. Among them were Cpt Juan Manuel Boiso Lanza and Lt. Cesáreo L. Berisso. Boiso Lanza was the first fatality of the FAU, dying in a plane crash on 10 August 1918; he later became the namesake of Cpt Boiso Lanza Air Base in Montevideo, the current FAU headquarters. Berisso became the first commander of the Air Force flight school and was later the namesake of Gen. Cesáreo Berisso Air Base in Carrasco, the headquarters of Air Brigade I.

Along with two other young officers, Adhemar Saenz Lacueva and Esteban Cristi, they gained their military aviator rating in Argentina and Chile and formed the Military Aeronautical School on 20 November 1916. This school was the only military aviation facility in Uruguay until 1935. Several European aircraft types were used in fairly large numbers during the twenties, among them sixteen Avro 504Ks, thirteen Breguet 14s, five Castaibert 913-IVs, twenty-eight Nieuport 27s. These pioneering years saw many air routes opened and an overall increase in the awareness of the military potential of this nascent force.

In 1935 the school was transformed into the Military Aeronautics division (Aeronáutica Militar,) and five units were created as well as several airbases. Typical aircraft of the thirties and forties were European types like the Potez XXV A.2 TOE, the SPAD S.VII and S.XIII, the de Havilland DH 82A, and the IMAM Ro.37; but this era also saw the transition to aircraft of American pedigree. Beech AT-11 and Douglas C-47 transports, Waco JHD and NAA Texan trainers, and NAA B-25J bombers were used in this period. The arrival of F-51 Mustangs in the early 50s notably enhanced the capabilities of the air force. There were now nine Aviation Groups and the Military Aeronautics division was officially renamed the Military Air Force (Fuerza Aérea Militar) on 4 December 1952. This change in nomenclature was important because it signified the independence of the branch from the army command structure. The new force was reorganized into three commands (tactical, training, and material) and a brigade structure was implemented along with a fully staffed headquarters.

The Uruguayan Air Force grew from this foundation. Later, some new units were created such as the Aerial Commands, but no radical changes were made. The FAU received its first jets when Lockheed T-33s and F-80s arrived in 1955 and 1958.^[2] The FAU also employed the de Havilland Chipmunk, using 10 from 1954 to 1962. The first helicopters were Bell 47s and Hiller H-23Fs, followed by the venerable Bell UH-1B Hueys.

Present

A substitute for the two Lockheed C-130B is needed in near time, despite the Program Depot Maintenance(PDM) and major upgrade realized by Chilean aircraft manufacturer ENAER.^[3][4] Candidates are the EADS CASA C-295 and possibly Shaanxi Y-8 despite no official statement has been done. In the medium and light transport branch Bandeirantes are being restored to flight by Algar Aviation in Brazil since the end of 2013.^[5][6] In 2009 two CASA C-212 were bought from Sweden as a temporary solution and another two former-Portuguese Air Force C-212-300 are to be incorporated in 2015.^[7][8] China has offered Harbin Y-12 and rumours about a purchase of some Cessna 208 were deny recently.

The Uruguayan Air Force is looking for a new fighter plane as its fleet of Dragonflies are reaching the end of their operative life. In May 2013 eighteen refurbished Sukhoi Su-30 MkI were offered by the Russian Federation and Sukhoi in remarkably favorable conditions that included credit facilities and an agreement branch for maintenance. These conditions were offered for the Yak-130 Mitten, too. By December 2013 Uruguayan personnel flew this plane in Russia.^[9] Current negotiations are ongoing.^[10]

According to Scramble a number of A-37B Dragonfly were purchased from the Ecuadorian Air Force in January 2014. In August 2014 the Uruguayan and Swiss governments discussed a possible agreement for the purchase of ten Swiss Air Force Northrop F-5 plus engines, spare parts and training.^[11]

Also, the FAU showed interest on the IA-58D Pucará Delta modernization program offered by Fábrica Argentina de Aviones.^[12]

Organization

Today the FAU comprises about 3000 personnel organized into three brigades and various support groups.

Air Brigade I was founded as Nº1 Aeronautics on 1 April 1936. It originally consisted of eight Potez XXV biplanes. Today, the brigade includes the Central Office for Assistance and the Carrasco Central Coordinator for Rescue. It also includes

Nº3 Squadron (Transport) and

Nº5 Squadron (Helicopters).

Air Brigade II includes

Nº1 Squadron (Attack),

Nº2 Squadron (Fighters),

the Advanced Flight Squadron, and

the Liaison Squadron.

Air Brigade III includes

Nº7 Squadron (Observation & Liaison).

The Uruguayan Air Force also includes Service divisions for Logistics, Communications and Computer Science, Information, Infrastructure, Maintenance, Meteorology, Health, Remote Aerospace Sensors, and Transport. The FAU is involved in search and rescue, disaster assistance, and transportation to remote locations within the country.

The Uruguayan Air Force currently has five bases. Air Brigade I is based at Gen. Cesáreo L. Berisso Air Base at Carrasco International Airport (SUMU) near Carrasco; Air Brigade II is based at 2nd Lt. Mario W. Parrallada Air Base at Santa Bernardina International Airport (SUDU) in Durazno; Air Brigade III, the high command, and the Command School (Escuela de Comando y Estado Mayor Aéreo) are based at Capitán Boiso Lanza Air Base (SUBL) in Montevideo; Air Squadron 7 is based at Ángel S. Adami Airport (SUAA), also in Montevideo; and the EMA is based at Gen. Artigas Air Base(SUGA) in Pando.^[13]

The Aeronautics Technical School (Escuela Técnica de Aeronáutica) is located in Toledo Sur in the Department of Canelones.^[14]

Aircraft

A Uruguayan IA-58 Pucará

A Bell 212 flies over head

A C-130B Hercules sits on the tarmac at Francisco Gabrielli Int'l

Current inventory

Aircraft	Origin	Type	Variant	In service	Notes
Combat Aircraft
Cessna A-37	United States	attack		8[15]
IA 58 Pucará	Argentina	attack		5[15]
Maritime Patrol
CASA C-212	Spain	SAR / maritime patrol|		4[15]
Transport
C-130 Hercules	United States	transport	C-130B	2[15]
CASA C-212	Spain	transport		1[15]
Embraer EMB 120	Brazil	utility / VIP		1[15]
Embraer EMB 110	Brazil	utility / transport		2[15]
Helicopters
Bell UH-1	United States	utility	UH-1H	3[15]
Bell 212	United States	utility		3[15]
Eurocopter AS365	France	utility		2[15]
Trainer Aircraft
Pilatus PC-7	Switzerland	trainer		5[15]
SIAI-Marchetti SF.260	Italy	trainer		5[15]

Rank structure

Officers wear their rank insignia on their sleeves; the insignia are nearly identical to that used by the RAF and air forces of Commonwealth nations.^[16]

Equivalent NATO Rank Code	Rank in Spanish	Rank in English	Commonwealth equivalent	US Air Force equivalent
OF-8	General del Aire	Lieutenant General	Air Marshal	Lieutenant General
OF-7	Brigadier General	Major General	Air Vice-Marshal	Major General
OF-5	Coronel	Colonel	Group Captain	Colonel
OF-4	Teniente Coronel	Lieutenant Colonel	Wing Commander	Lieutenant Colonel
OF-3	Mayor	Major	Squadron Leader	Major
OF-2	Capitán	Captain	Flight Lieutenant	Captain
OF-1	Teniente Primero	First Lieutenant	Flying Officer	First Lieutenant
OF-1	Teniente Segundo	Second Lieutenant	Pilot Officer	Second Lieutenant
OF-D	Alférez	Ensign	Acting Pilot Officer

See also

• Armed Forces of Uruguay
• History of Uruguay
• National Navy of Uruguay, which includes a Naval Aviation contingent
• Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571

References

Notes

1. Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya, (2008). . Retrieved 2 October 2008.
2. Air International August 1990, p. 73.
3. "Actualizado: ENAER modernizará aeronaves C-130B de la FAU" (in Spanish). ModoCharlie. October 7, 2011. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
4. "La Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya contrata a ENAER para el mantenimiento de un C-130B Hercules" (in Spanish). April 20, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
5. "La Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya continúa ejecutando su plan de mantenimiento de aeronaves" (in Spanish). InfoDefensa. September 24, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
6. "La Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya repara y adquiere repuestos para sus aeronaves" (in Spanish). Paz la Nueva Radio. November 28, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
7. "La Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya confirma la compra de aviones C212-300MP" (in Spanish). InfoDefensa. July 31, 2014. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
8. "Portugal y Uruguay suscriben el contrato de transferencia de dos C212-300 para la FAU" (in Spanish). Defensa. December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 21, 2014./
9. "La Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya evalúa el jet de entrenamiento YAK-130 en Rusia" (in Spanish). December 12, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
10. "Mujica negocia la compra de seis aviones rusos para Fuerza Aérea" (in Spanish). El Observador. July 15, 2014. Retrieved December 21, 2014./
11. "F-5 suizos a Uruguay" (in Spanish). August 21, 2014. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
12. "Argentina y Uruguay estudiaron la modernización de los aviones IA-58 Pucará" (in Spanish). July 10, 2014. Retrieved December 21, 2014./
13. Aeroflight, (2008). . Retrieved 2 October 2008.
14. Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya, (2008). . Retrieved 2 October 2008.
15. "World Air Forces 2016 pg. 33". Flightglobal Insight. 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
16. Insignias

Bibliography

• "Shoestring Top Cover...The Uruguayan Air Force". Air International, Vol. 39 No. 2, August 1990. pp. 65–73.

External links

• Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya - Official website (in Spanish)
  • Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya - Aeronaves actuales (accessed 2014-11-22) (in Spanish)
  • Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya - Aeronaves históricas (accessed 2014-11-22) (in Spanish)
• "Memories from the Age of Flight" (in Spanish)
• The Fuerza Aerea Uruguaya in Microsoft Flight Simulator FS2004 (in Spanish)
• Aeroflight: Uruguay Air Force