Virgaviridae

Virgaviridae
Virus classification
Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Family: Virgaviridae
Genera

Virgaviridae is a family of positive single stranded RNA viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts.[1][2] There are currently 56 species in this family, divided among 7 genera.[1][3] The name of the family is derived from the Latin word virga (rod), as all viruses in this family are rod-shaped.

Taxonomy

Viruses in Virgaviridae are characterized by unique alpha-like replication proteins.

Group: ssRNA(+)

[3]

Structure

Viruses in Virgaviridae are non-enveloped, with rigid helical rod geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 20-25 nm,[1] and virions have a central "canal." Genomes are linear, single-stranded, positive sense RNA[1] with a 3'-tRNA like structure and no polyA tail. They may be in one, two, or three segments, depending on the genus. Coat proteins are about 19–24 kiloDaltons.

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic Arrangement Genomic Segmentation
TobamovirusRod-shapedHelicalNon-EnvelopedLinearNon-Segmented
FurovirusRod-shapedHelicalNon-EnvelopedLinearSegmented
PecluvirusRod-shapedHelicalNon-EnvelopedLinearSegmented
HordeivirusRod-shapedHelicalNon-EnvelopedLinearSegmented
TobravirusRod-shapedHelicalNon-EnvelopedLinearSegmented
PomovirusRod-shapedHelicalNon-EnvelopedLinearSegmented

Life Cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning, and suppression of termination. The virus exits the host cell by tripartite non-tubule guided viral movement, and monopartite non-tubule guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host.[1]

Genus Host Details Tissue Tropism Entry Details Release Details Replication Site Assembly Site Transmission
TobamovirusPlantsNoneUnknownViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical
FurovirusPlantsNoneUnknownViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical innoculation: fungus
PecluvirusPlantsNoneUnknownViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical innoculation: fungus. Mechanical contact; seed
HordeivirusPlantsNoneUnknownViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical: contact; seed
TobravirusPlantsNoneUnknownViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical innoculation: nematodes
PomovirusPlantsNoneUnknownViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical innoculation: fungus

Notes

The genus Benyvirus although rod shaped and infecting plants is not included in this family as its proteins appear to be only very distantly related to the genera in this family

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. ↑ Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Kreuze J (2009) Virgaviridae: a new family of rod-shaped plant viruses. Arch Virol 154(12):1967–1972
  3. 1 2 ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2015 Release". Retrieved 4 June 2016.
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