U (Cyrillic)
U (У у; italics: У у) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the close back rounded vowel /u/, somewhat like the pronunciation of ⟨oo⟩ in "boot". The forms of the Cyrillic letter U are similar to the lowercase of the Latin letter Y (Y y; Y y), but like most other Cyrillic letters, the upper and lowercase forms are similar in shape and differ mainly in size and vertical placement.
History
Historically, Cyrillic U evolved as a specifically East Slavic short form of the digraph ⟨оу⟩ used in ancient Slavic texts to represent /u/. The digraph was itself a direct loan from the Greek alphabet, where the combination ⟨ου⟩ (omicron-upsilon) was also used to represent /u/.
Consequently, the form of the letter is derived from Greek upsilon ⟨Υ υ⟩, which was parallelly also taken over into the Cyrillic alphabet in another form, as Izhitsa ⟨Ѵ⟩. (The letter Izhitsa was removed from the Russian alphabet in the orthography reform of 1917/19.)
It is normally romanised as "u", but in Kazakh, it is romanised as "w".
In other languages
In Tuvan the Cyrillic letter can be written as a double vowel.[1][2]
Related letters and other similar characters
- Υ υ : Greek letter Upsilon
- U u : Latin letter U
- Y y : Latin letter Y
- Ў ў : Cyrillic letter Short U, used in Belarusian, Dungan, Siberian Eskimo (Yuit), Uzbek
- Ӯ ӯ : Cyrillic letter U with macron, used in Tajik
- Ӱ ӱ : Cyrillic letter U with diaeresis, used in Altai (Oyrot), Khakas, Gagauz, Khanty, Mari
- Ӳ ӳ : Cyrillic letter U with double acute, used in Chuvash
- Ү ү : Cyrillic letter straight U, used in Mongolian, Kazakh, Tatar, Bashkir, Dungan and other languages
- Ұ ұ : Cyrillic letter Straight U with stroke, used in Kazakh[3]
Computing codes
| Character | У | у | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER U | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 1059 | U+0423 | 1091 | U+0443 |
| UTF-8 | 208 163 | D0 A3 | 209 131 | D1 83 |
| Numeric character reference | У | У | у | у |
| KOI8-R and KOI8-U | 245 | F5 | 213 | D5 |
| Code page 855 | 232 | E8 | 231 | E7 |
| Code page 866 | 147 | 93 | 227 | E3 |
| Windows-1251 | 211 | D3 | 243 | F3 |
| ISO-8859-5 | 195 | C3 | 227 | E3 |
| Macintosh Cyrillic | 147 | 93 | 243 | F3 |
References
- ↑ "Tuvan language, alphabet and pronunciation". omniglot.com. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
- ↑ Campbell, George L.; King, Gareth (24 July 2013). "Compendium of the World's Languages". Routledge. Retrieved 14 June 2016 – via Google Books.
- ↑ However, many Dungan books are set using Ӯ, with macron, instead of Ў, with breve, like the Dungan-Russian dictionary (1968). There is no ambiguity since it is the only У-with-a-diacritic in Dungan. It is used in Dungan syllables for which pinyin would use -u except in those with labial consonants (in du, ' nu, lu, gu, hu, zu, ru, etc. but not bu or mu)
