1595

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	15th century · 16th century · 17th century
Decades:	1560s · 1570s · 1580s · 1590s · 1600s · 1610s · 1620s
Years:	1592 · 1593 · 1594 · 1595 · 1596 · 1597 · 1598

1595 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1595 MDXCV
Ab urbe condita	2348
Armenian calendar	1044 ԹՎ ՌԽԴ
Assyrian calendar	6345
Bengali calendar	1002
Berber calendar	2545
English Regnal year	37 Eliz. 1 – 38 Eliz. 1
Buddhist calendar	2139
Burmese calendar	957
Byzantine calendar	7103–7104
Chinese calendar	甲午年 (Wood Horse) 4291 or 4231     — to — 乙未年 (Wood Goat) 4292 or 4232
Coptic calendar	1311–1312
Discordian calendar	2761
Ethiopian calendar	1587–1588
Hebrew calendar	5355–5356
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1651–1652
- Shaka Samvat	1516–1517
- Kali Yuga	4695–4696
Holocene calendar	11595
Igbo calendar	595–596
Iranian calendar	973–974
Islamic calendar	1003–1004
Japanese calendar	Bunroku 4 (文禄４年)
Javanese calendar	1515–1516
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	3928
Minguo calendar	317 before ROC 民前317年
Nanakshahi calendar	127
Thai solar calendar	2137–2138

1595 (MDXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (dominical letter A) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter E) of the Julian calendar, the 1595th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 595th year of the 2nd millennium, the 95th year of the 16th century, and the 6th year of the 1590s decade. As of the start of 1595, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1918.

Events

January–June

• January – Mehmed III succeeds Murad III as sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
• April 8 (March 29 O.S.) – Combined Taungoo–Lan Na armies break the rebel Thado Dhamma Yaza's siege of Taungoo in modern-day Myanmar.
• May 18 – The Treaty of Teusina brings to an end the Russo-Swedish War (1590–95).
• May 24 – The Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library.
• June 9 – Battle of Fontaine-Française: Henry IV of France defeats the Spanish, but is nearly killed due to his rashness.

July–December

• July 21 – A Spanish expedition led by navigator and explorer Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira makes the first European landing in Polynesia, on the Marquesas Islands.
• July 23 – Spanish raid on Cornwall in England.^[1]
• August 13 – Battle of Calugareni: The Wallachians, led by Michael the Brave, accomplish a great tactical victory against the vast army of the Turks, numbering over 150,000 men, led by Sinan Pasha.
• August 28 – Sir Francis Drake and Sir John Hawkins depart from England on their final voyage to the Spanish Main which ends in both of their deaths.^[2]
• September 2 – Battle of the Lippe (Eighty Years' War): Spanish cavalry led by Cristóbal de Mondragón (aged over 80) defeat combined forces of the Dutch Republic and England led by Philip of Nassau (who dies of wounds received) on the banks of the river Lippe in Germany.
• October 26 – Battle of Giurgiu: Michael the Brave again defeats the Turkish army led by Sinan Pasha, led by Transylvanian Prince Sigismund Báthory pushing them on the east side of the Danube.
• December 9 – Probable first performance of William Shakespeare's Richard II in London.
• December 14 – Sultan Murad, 4th son of Emperor Akbar of the Mughal Empire invades Ahmednagar Sultanate which is bravely defended by Chand Bibi.

Date unknown

• The Austrians incite a rebellion against the Ottomans in Bulgaria.
• The Riksdag of the Estates at Söderköping in Sweden elects the Lutheran Duke Charles as the country's regent in place of Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland and Sweden.
• Sir Walter Raleigh travels up the Orinoco river in search of the fabled city of El Dorado.^[2]
• Probable first performance of William Shakespeare's plays Romeo and Juliet and A Midsummer Night's Dream in London.^[1]

Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel born 19 February

Jan Marek Marci born 13 June

Guru Hargobind born 19 June

Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł born 1 July

Births

January–June

• January 6 – Claude Favre de Vaugelas, French grammarian and man of letters (d. 1650)
• January 15 – Henry Carey, 2nd Earl of Monmouth, English politician (d. 1661)
• January 22 – George Rudolf of Liegnitz, Polish noble (d. 1653)
• January 23 – Herman Fortunatus, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern (d. 1665)
• February 19 – Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess consort of Pomerania (d. 1650)
• March 19 – Carlo de' Medici, Catholic cardinal (d. 1666)
• March 21 – Ferdinando Ughelli, Italian Cistercian monk and church historian (d. 1670)
• April 5 – John Wilson, English composer (d. 1674)
• April 6
  • Henri II d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville, Prince of France (d. 1663)
  • Pieter de Molijn, Dutch painter (d. 1661)
• April 12 – Miles Hobart, English politician (d. 1632)
• April 30
  • Anne Lykke, Danish noble (d. 1641)
  • Henri II de Montmorency, French nobleman and military commander (d. 1632)
• May 1 – Lars Kagg, Swedish Count and Military Officer (d. 1661)
• May 3 – Aloysius Gottifredi, Italian Jesuit (d. 1652)
• June 9 – King Wladislaus IV of Poland (d. 1648)
• June 10 – Aegidius Gelenius, German heraldist (d. 1656)
• June 13
  • John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare, English politician and Earl (d. 1666)
  • Jan Marek Marci, Bohemian physician and scientist (d. 1667)
• June 19 – Guru Har Gobind, the Sixth Sikh Guru (d. 1644)
• June 24 – Ulderico Carpegna, Catholic cardinal (d. 1679)

July–December

• July 1 – Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (d. 1656)
• July 3 – John Gurdon, English politician (d. 1679)
• July 4 – Félix Castello, Spanish artist (d. 1656)
• July 9 – Anna Amalia of Baden-Durlach, Regent of Nassau-Saarbrücken (d. 1651)
• July 10 – Charles Drelincourt, French Protestant divine (d. 1669)
• July 31 – Philipp Wolfgang, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1641)
• August 29 – Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (1622–1671) (d. 1671)
• August 31 – Georges Fournier, French Jesuit mathematician and geographer (d. 1652)
• September 21 – Adrian Fearney, British pirate (d. 1641)
• October 18 – Lucas van Uden, painter (d. 1672)
• October 30 – Gaj Singh of Marwar, Raja of Marwar Kingdom (r (d. 1638)
• November 11 – Martin Bauzer, Gorizian Jesuit priest and writer (d. 1668)
• November 13 – George William, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1640)
• November 18
  • Niklaus Dachselhofer, Swiss politician (d. 1670)
  • Pietro Desani, Italian painter (d. 1647)
• December 1 – Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester, English politician (d. 1677)
• December 3 – Henry Ley, 2nd Earl of Marlborough, English politician (d. 1638)
• December 4 – Jean Chapelain, French poet and critic during the Grand Siècle (d. 1674)
• December 5 – Henry Lawes, English musician and composer (d. 1662)
• December 7 – Sir Sackville Crowe, 1st Baronet (d. 1671)
• December 11 – Heo Mok, Korean politician, poet and scholar (d. 1682)
• December 14 – Arthur Wilson, English writer (d. 1652)
• December 17 – Injo of Joseon, sixteenth king of the Joseon dynasty in Korea (d. 1649)
• December 27 – Bohdan Khmelnytsky, hetman of Ukraine (d. 1657)
• date unknown
  • Thomas Carew, English poet (d. 1645)
  • Miles Corbet, English Puritan politician (d. 1662)
  • Jean Desmarets, French writer (d. 1676)
  • Henry Herbert, English official (d. 1673)
  • Lars Kagg, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1661)
  • Thomas May, English poet and historian (d. 1650)
  • Bartholomaeus Nigrinus, Polish Rosicrucian (d. 1646)
  • Pocahontas, Algonquian princess (d. 1617)
  • Mikołaj Potocki, Polish politician (d. 1651)
  • Robert Sempill the younger, Scottish writer (d. 1663)
  • Cornelius Vermuyden, Dutch engineer (d. 1683)
• probable
  • Dirck van Baburen, Dutch painter (d. 1624)
  • Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł, Lithuanian chancellor (d. 1656)

Deaths

• January 15 – Murad III, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1546)
• January 24 – Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria (b. 1529)
• February – William Painter, English translator (b. 1540)
• February 12 – Archduke Ernest of Austria, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands (b. 1553)
• February 21 – Robert Southwell, Jesuit priest and poet (b. 1561)
• April 25 – Torquato Tasso, Italian poet (b. 1544)
• May 4 – Hugues Loubenx de Verdalle, Cardinal and 52nd Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1531)
• May 25 – Valens Acidalius, German critic and poet (b. 1567)
• May 26 – Philip Neri, Italian churchman (b. 1515)
• August 24 – Thomas Digges, English astronomer (b. 1546)
• August 26 – Antonio, Prior of Crato, claimant to the throne of Portugal (b. 1531)
• September – Jeremias II of Constantinople (b. 1530)
• October 19 – Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (b. 1537)
• November 5 – Luis Barahona de Soto, Spanish poet (b. 1548)
• November 12 – John Hawkins, English shipbuilder and trader (b. 1532)
• November 29 – Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga, Basque soldier and poet (b. 1533)
• December 14 – Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon (b. 1535)
• date unknown
  • Grzegorz Branicki, Polish nobleman (born 1534)
  • Turlough Luineach O'Neill, Irish chief of Tyrone (b. c. 1530)
  • Robert Sempill, Scottish ballad-writer (b. 1530)
  • Thomas Whythorne, English author and musician (b. 1528)

References

1. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 163–165. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
2. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 233–238. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.