17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)

Molotov, Stalin and Poskrebyshev at the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party

The 17th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held during 26 January - 10 February 1934. The congress was attended by 1,225 delegates with a casting vote and 736 delegates with a consultative vote, representing 1,872,488 party members and 935,298 candidate members.[1] Nicknamed "The Congress of the Victors" due to the economic successes of the First Five-Year Plan, it was in fact the last clandestine revolt against Stalin from within party ranks.[2]

During the elections to the 17th Central Committee Stalin received a significant number (over a hundred, although the precise number is unknown) of negative votes, whereas only three delegates crossed out the name of the popular Leningrad party boss, Sergei Kirov. The results were subsequently covered up on Stalin's orders and it was officially reported that Stalin also received only three negative votes.[3]

During the Congress a group of veteran party members approached Kirov with the suggestion that he replace Stalin as the party leader. Kirov declined the offer and reported the conversation to Stalin.

In public Stalin was acclaimed, not merely as the leader of the party, but as a towering, universal genius in every human sphere. All his former opponents spoke approvingly of him (other than Leon Trotsky, who had been exiled in 1929) and pledged their total support to the party line.

At the congress Rabkrin was dissolved and its functions passed to the Sovnarkom's People's Control Commission.

The 17th Congress has also been given the name The Congress of the Condemned, because of 1,996 party members present, 1,108 were arrested, and about two thirds of those executed within three years, largely during the Great Terror. Of the 139 members elected to the 17th Central Committee at the 17th Congress, 98 would be executed in the purges. Of the remaining 41, only 24 would be elected to the 18th Central Committee at the 18th Congress.[4]

"Just like in 1914, the parties of bellicose imperialism, the parties of war and revenge, are appearing in the foreground. It is very clear that we're facing a new war." - Joseph Stalin, Report to the Seventeenth Congress of the CPSU, 1934

Agenda of the Congress

1. Reports by Stalin (Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)), Vladimirsky (Central Revision Committee). Rudzutak and Manuilsky

2. Second five-year plan, speakers:Molotov and Kuybishev

3. Organisational issues (party and Soviet construction), speaker: Kaganovich

4. Elections to the central organs of the Party[5]

List of Elected Members of the Central Committee

Life durations of members of Central Committee chosen on the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
  1. Alekseev, Petr Alekseevich (1893—1937)
  2. Andreev, Andrei Andreevich (1895—1971)
  3. Antipov, Nikolai Kirillovich (1894—1938)
  4. Badaev, Aleksei Egorovich (1883—1951)
  5. Balitskii, Vsevolod Apollonovich (1892—1937)
  6. Bauman, Karl Ianovich (1892—1937)
  7. Beriia, Lavrentii Pavlovich (1899—1953)
  8. Bubnov, Andrei Sergeevich (1884—1938)
  9. Chernov, Mikhail Aleksandrovich (1891—1938)
  10. Chubar', Vlas Iakovlevich (1891—1939)
  11. Chuvyrin, Mikhail Evdokimovich (1883—1947)
  12. Chudov, Mikhail Semenovich (1893—1937)
  13. Gamarnik, Ian Borisovich (1894—1937)
  14. Eikhe, Robert Indrikovich (1890—1940)
  15. Enukidze, Avel' Safronovich (1877—1937)
  16. Evdokimov, Efim Georgievich (1891—1940)
  17. Ezhov, Nikolai Ivanovich (1895—1940)
  18. Ivanov, Vladimir Ivanovich (1893—1938)
  19. Ikramov, Akmal' Ikramovich (1898—1938)
  20. Kabakov, Ivan Dmitrievich (1891—1937)
  21. Kaganovich, Lazar' Moiseevich (1893—1991)
  22. Kaganovich, Mikhail Moiseevich (1888—1941)
  23. Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich (1875—1946)
  24. Kartvelishvili, Lavrentii Iosifovich (1890—1938)
  25. Kirov, Sergei Mironovich (1886—1934)
  26. Khataevich, Mendel' Markovich (1893—1937)
  27. Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich (1894—1971)
  28. Knorin, Vil'gel'm Georgievich (1890—1938)
  29. Kodatskii, Ivan Fedorovich (1893—1937)
  30. Kosarev, Aleksandr Vasil'evich (1903—1939)
  31. Kosior, Iosif Vikent'evich (1893—1937)
  32. Kosior, Stanislav Vikent'evich (1889—1939)
  33. Krzhizhanovskii, Gleb Maksimilianovich (1872—1959)
  34. Krinitskii, Aleksandr Ivanovich (1894—1937)
  35. Krupskaia, Nadezhda Konstantinovna (1869—1939)
  36. Kuibyshev, Valerian Vladimirovich (1888—1935)
  37. Lebed', Dmitrii Zakharovich (1893—1937)
  38. Litvinov, Maksim Maksimovich (1876—1951)
  39. Lobov, Semen Semenovich (1888—1937)
  40. Liubimov, Isidor Evstigneevich (1882—1937)
  41. Manuil'skii, Dmitrii Zakharovich (1883—1959)
  42. Mezhlauk, Valerii Ivanovich (1893—1938)
  43. Mikoian, Anastas Ivanovich (1895—1978)
  44. Mirzoian, Levon Isaevich (1897—1939)
  45. Molotov, Viacheslav Mikhailovich (1890—1986)
  46. Nikolaeva, Klavdiia Ivanovna (1893—1944)
  47. Nosov, Ivan Petrovich (1888—1937)
  48. Ordzhonikidze, Grigorii Konstantinovich (1886—1937)
  49. Petrovskii, Grigorii Ivanovich (1878—1958)
  50. Postyshev, Pavel Petrovich (1887—1939)
  51. Piatakov, Georgii Leonidovich (1890—1937)
  52. Piatnitskii, Osip Aronovich (1882—1938)
  53. Razumov, Mikhail Osipovich (1894—1937)
  54. Rudzutak, Ian Ernestovich (1887—1938)
  55. Rumiantsev, Ivan Petrovich (1886—1937)
  56. Rukhimovich, Moisei L'vovich (1889—1938)
  57. Ryndin, Kuz'ma Vasil'evich (1893—1938)
  58. Stalin, Iosif Vissarionovich (1878—1953)
  59. Stetskii, Aleksei Ivanovich (1896—1938)
  60. Sulimov, Daniil Egorovich (1890—1937)
  61. Ukhanov, Konstantin Vasil'evich (1891—1937)
  62. Vareikis, Iosif Mikhailovich (1894—1938)
  63. Voroshilov, Kliment Efremovich (1881—1969)
  64. Shvernik, Nikolai Mikhailovich (1888—1970)
  65. Sheboldaev, Boris Petrovich (1895—1937)
  66. Iagoda, Genrikh Grigor'evich (1891—1938)
  67. Iakir, Iona Emmanuilovich (1896—1937)
  68. Iakovlev, Iakov Arkad'evich (1896—1938)
  69. Zhdanov, Andrei Aleksandrovich (1896—1948)
  70. Zhukov, Ivan Pavlovich (1889—1937)
  71. Zelenskii, Isaak Abramovich (1890—1938)[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Seventeenth Congress of the CPSU (Bolshevik) in The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979).
  2. ↑ Fitzpatrick, 150
  3. ↑ Robert C. Tucker (1992). Stalin in Power: The Revolution from Above, 1928-1941. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 260. ISBN 978-0-393-30869-3.
  4. ↑ Fitzpatrick, 165
  5. ↑ "17th Congress of the All-Unionc Communist Party (Bolsheviks): Full Transcript (in Russian)".
  6. ↑ "Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991".
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