869
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 8th century · 9th century · 10th century |
| Decades: | 830s · 840s · 850s · 860s · 870s · 880s · 890s |
| Years: | 866 · 867 · 868 · 869 · 870 · 871 · 872 |
| 869 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 869 DCCCLXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 1622 |
| Armenian calendar | 318 ԹՎ ՅԺԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5619 |
| Bengali calendar | 276 |
| Berber calendar | 1819 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1413 |
| Burmese calendar | 231 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6377–6378 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊子年 (Earth Rat) 3565 or 3505 — to — 己丑年 (Earth Ox) 3566 or 3506 |
| Coptic calendar | 585–586 |
| Discordian calendar | 2035 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 861–862 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4629–4630 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 925–926 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 790–791 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3969–3970 |
| Holocene calendar | 10869 |
| Iranian calendar | 247–248 |
| Islamic calendar | 255–256 |
| Japanese calendar | Jōgan 11 (貞観１１年) |
| Javanese calendar | 766–767 |
| Julian calendar | 869 DCCCLXIX |
| Korean calendar | 3202 |
| Minguo calendar | 1043 before ROC 民前1043年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −599 |
| Seleucid era | 1180/1181 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1411–1412 |
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Death of king Edmund the Martyr (right)
Year 869 (DCCCLXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
- Summer – Emperor Basil I allies with the Frankish emperor Louis II against the Saracens. He sends a Byzantine fleet – of 400 ships (according to the Annales Bertiniani) – under the command of admiral Nicetas to support Louis who is besieging the city port of Bari and to clear the Adriatic Sea of Muslim raids.[1]
- The Hagia Sophia in Constantinople suffers great damage during an earthquake, which makes the eastern half-dome collapse. Basil I orders the basilica (church) to be repaired.
Europe
- August 8 – King Charles the Bald tries to take Lotharingia, kingdom of Lothair II after the latter's death, but is resisted by his brother Louis the German.
Britain
- The Danes led by Viking chieftain Ivar the Boneless 'make peace' with the Mercians (by accepting Danegeld). He leaves Nottingham on horseback and returns to York.[2]
- Autumn –The Great Heathen Army led by Ivar the Boneless and Ubba invades East Anglia and plunders Peterborough. The Vikings take up winter quarters at Thetford.
- November 20 – King Edmund the Martyr and his East Anglian army is destroyed by the Vikings. He is captured, tortured, beaten and used as archery practice.[3]
Arabian Empire
- The Zanj Rebellion: The Zanj (black slaves from East Africa), provoked by mercilessly harsh labor conditions in salt flats and on the sugar and cotton plantations of southwestern Persia, revolt.
- Summer – Caliph Al-Mu'tazz is murdered by mutinous Muslim troops after a 3-year reign. He is succeeded by Al-Muhtadi (a grandson of former Al-Mu'tasim) as ruler of the Abbasid Caliphate.
Japan
- May 26 – An earthquake and tsunami devastate a large part of the Sanriku coast on the northeastern side of the island of Honshu.
Mesoamerica
- Stela 11, the last monument ever erected at Tikal, is dedicated by ruler (ajaw) Jasaw Chan K'awiil II.[4]
By topic
Religion
- The Fourth Council of Constantinople is called by Basil I and pope Adrian II. The council condemnes Photius I and deposes him as patriarch. His predecessor Ignatius is reinstated.[5]
Births
- January 2 – Yōzei, emperor of Japan (d. 949)
- Muhammad al-Mahdi, Muslim Twelver Shī‘ah Imām
Deaths
- February 14 – Cyril, Byzantine missionary and bishop
- August 8 – Lothair II, king of Lotharingia (b. 835)
- September 8 – Ahmad ibn Isra'il al-Anbari, Muslim vizier
- September 18 – Wenilo, Frankish archbishop
- October 14 – Pang Xun, Chinese rebel leader
- November 20 – Edmund the Martyr, king of East Anglia
- Al-Darimi, Muslim scholar and imam
- Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi, Muslim jurist (approximate date)
- Al-Jahiz, Afro-Muslim scholar and writer (or 868)
- Al-Mu'tazz, Muslim caliph (b. 847)
- Dongshan Liangjie, Chinese Buddhist teacher (b. 807)
- Dúnlaing mac Muiredaig, king of Leinster (Ireland)
- Ermentrude of Orléans, queen of the Franks (b. 823)
- Gundachar, count (or margrave) of Carinthia
- Leuthard II, Frankish count (or 858)
- Rothad of Soissons, Frankish bishop
- Shapur ibn Sahl, Persian physician
- Solomon, Frankish count (approximate date)
- Yu Xuanji, Chinese poet (or 868)
References
- ↑ Kreutz, p. 43.
- ↑ Paul Hill (2009). The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great, pp. 32–33. ISBN 978-1-59416-087-5.
- ↑ Paul Hill (2009). The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great, p. 36. ISBN 978-1-59416-087-5.
- ↑ Martin, Simon; Nikolai Grube (2000). Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya. London and New York: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05103-8. OCLC 47358325.
- ↑ Karl Rahner (2004). Encyclopedia of Theology, p. 389. ISBN 0-86012-006-6.
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