Al-Hasakah Governorate

This article is about the de jure governorate. For the de facto canton, see Jazira Canton.
Al-Hasakah Governorate
محافظة الحسكة
Governorate

Map of Syria with Al Hasakah highlighted
Coordinates (Al-Hasakah): 36°30′N 40°54′E / 36.5°N 40.9°E / 36.5; 40.9Coordinates: 36°30′N 40°54′E / 36.5°N 40.9°E / 36.5; 40.9
Country  Syria
Capital Al-Hasakah
Manatiq (Districts) 4
Government
 • Governor Major General Jaiz Swadet al-Hamoud al-Musa
Area
 • Total 23,334 km2 (9,009 sq mi)
Population (31/12/2011)
 • Total 1,512,000[1]
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
ISO 3166 code SY-HA
Main language(s) Arabic, Kurdish, Syriac, Armenian
Ethnicities Arabs, Kurds, Assyrians, Armenians & Yazidis

Al-Hasakah Governorate (Arabic: محافظة الحسكة‎‎ / ALA-LC: Muḥāfaẓat al-Ḥasakah, Kurdish: پارێزگای حەسیچە/Parêzgeha Hesîçe‎, Syriac: ܓܙܪܬܐ‎ Gozarto) is a governorate in the far north-east corner of Syria. It is distinguished by its fertile lands, plentiful water, picturesque nature, and more than one hundred archaeological sites. It was formerly known as Al-Jazira province. Prior to the Syrian Civil War nearly half of Syria's oil was extracted from the region.[2]

History

Three soldiers were killed by armed militants in Al-Hasakah in an ambush during the Syrian Civil War on 24 March 2012.[3] About a year later, Kurdish forces launched the 2013 Al-Hasakah offensive.

After the battle of al-Hasakah in August 2016 between Kurds and the Bashar al-Assad regime, the area was mostly in Kurdish control.[4]

Demographics and population

The inhabitants of al-Hasakah governorate are composed of different ethnic and cultural groups, the larger groups being Arabs and Kurds in addition to a significant large number of Assyrians and a smaller number of Armenians.[5] The population of the governorate, according to the country's official census, was 1,275,118, and was estimated to be 1,377,000 in 2007, and 1,512,000 in 2011.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
193144,153—    
193364,886+47.0%
193594,596+45.8%
193798,144+3.8%
1938103,514+5.5%
1939106,052+2.5%
1940126,508+19.3%
1942136,107+7.6%
1943146,001+7.3%
1946151,137+3.5%
1950159,300+5.4%
1953232,104+45.7%
1960351,661+51.5%
1970468,506+33.2%
1981669,756+43.0%
20041,275,118+90.4%
20111,512,000+18.6%

According to the National Association of Arab Youth, there are 1717 villages in Al-Hasakah province: 1161 Arab villages, 453 Kurdish villages, 98 Assyrian villages and 53 with mixed populations from the aforementioned ethnicities.[6]

Arab villages 1161
Kurdish villages 453
Assyrian villages 98
Mixed Arab-Kurdish villages 48
Mixed Arab-Assyrian villages 3
Mixed Assyrian-Kurdish villages 2
Total 1717

Censuses of 1943 and 1953

Syrian censuses of 1943[7] and 1953[8] in Al-Jazira province
Religious group Population
(1943)		 Percentage
(1943)		 Population
(1953)		 Percentage
(1953)
Muslims Sunni Muslims 99,665 68.26% 171,058 73.70%
Other Muslims 437 0.30% 503 0.22%
Christians Assyrians 31,764 21.76% 42,626 18.37%
Armenians 9,788 6.70% 12,535 5.40%
Other churches 944 0.65% 1,283 0.55%
Total Christians 42,496 29.11% 56,444 24.32%
Jews 1,938 1.33% 2,350 1.01%
Yazidis 1,475 1.01% 1,749 0.75%
TOTAL Al-Jazira province 146,001 100.0% 232,104 100.0%

Among the Sunni Muslims, mostly Kurds and Arabs, there were about 1,500 Circassians in 1938.[9]

In 1949, there were officially 155,643 inhabitants. The French geographers Fevret and Gibert estimated that there were about 50,000 Arabs, 60,000 Kurds, a few thousands Jews and Yezidis, the rest being Christians of various denominations.[10]

Cities, towns and villages

This list includes all cities, towns and villages with more than 5,000 inhabitants. The population figures are given according to the 2004 official census:[11]

English Name Arabic Name Population District
Al-Hasakah الحسكة 188,160 Al-Hasakah District
Al-Qamishli القامشلي 184,231 Al-Qamishli District
Ras al-Ayn رأس العين 29,347 Ras al-Ayn District
Amuda عامودا 26,821 Al-Qamishli District
Al-Malikiyah المالكية 26,311 Al-Malikiyah District
Al-Qahtaniyah القحطانية 16,946 Al-Qamishli District
Al-Shaddadi الشدادي 15,806 Al-Hasakah District
Al-Muabbada المعبدة 15,759 Al-Malikiyah District
Al-Sabaa wa Arbain السبعة وأربعين 14,177 Al-Hasakah District
Al-Manajir المناجير 12,156 Ras al-Ayn District
Al-Darbasiyah الدرباسية 8,551 Ras al-Ayn District
Tell Tamer تل تمر 7,285 Al-Hasakah District
Al-Jawadiyah الجوادية 6,630 Al-Malikiyah District
Mabrouka مبروكة 6,325 Ras al-Ayn District
Al-Yaarubiyah اليعربية 6,066 Al-Malikiyah District
Tell Safouk تل صفوك 5,781 Al-Hasakah District
Tell Hamis تل حميس 5,161 Al-Qamishli District
Al-Tweinah التوينة 5,062 Al-Hasakah District
Al-Fadghami الفدغمي 5,062 Al-Hasakah District

Districts and sub-districts

Qamishli
Ras al-Ayn
Malikiyah
Tell Hamis
Qahtaniyah
Shaddadeh
Amuda
Darbasiyah
Tell Tamer
Jawadiyah
Yaarubiyah
Bir al-Helou
Markada
Arishah
Hawl
Al-Hasakah

The governorate has 4 districts (Mintaqa's). These are further divided into 16 sub-districts (nawahi):

Archaeology

The Khabur River, which flows through al-Hasakah for 440 kilometres (270 mi), witnessed the birth of some of the earliest civilizations in the world, including those of Akkad, Assyria, the Hurrians and Amorites. The most prominent archaeological sites are:

References

  1. ↑ http://cbssyr.org/yearbook/2011/Data-Chapter2/TAB-3-2-2011.htm
  2. ↑ Al Monitor, Syria's Oil Crisis, 2013, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/ru/originals/2013/02/syria-oil-crisis.html#
  3. ↑ Fresh clashes break out in Damascus
  4. ↑ Barnard, Anne (August 23, 2016). "Kurds Close to Control of Northeast Syria Province, Portending a Shift in the War". NYT. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  5. ↑ Syria - Sunnis
  6. ↑ National Association of Arab Youth, 2012. Arab East Centre, London, 2012. Study of the demographic composition of al-Hasakah Governorate (in Arabic). Accessed on 26 December 2014.
  7. ↑ Hourani, Albert Habib (1947). Minorities in the Arab World. London: Oxford University Press. p. 76.
  8. ↑ Etienne, de Vaumas (1956). "La Djézireh". Annales de Géographie (in French). 65 (347): 64–80. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  9. ↑ M. Proux, "Les Tcherkesses", La France méditerranéenne et africaine, IV, 1938
  10. ↑ Fevret, Maurice; Gibert, André (1953). "La Djezireh syrienne et son réveil économique". Revue de géographie de Lyon (in French) (28): 1–15. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  11. ↑ http://www.cbssyr.org/General%20census/census%202004/pop-man.pdf

External links

 Turkey Hakkâri Province, Mardin Province and Şırnak Province, Turkey
Al-Raqqah Governorate Iraq Dohuk Governorate and Nineveh Governorate, Iraq
   Al-Hasakah Governorate  
Deir ez-Zor Governorate
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