Argentine general election, 1951

Argentine general election, 1951

11 November 1951

Nominee Juan Perón Ricardo Balbín Party Peronist Party Radical Civic Union Home state Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Running mate Hortensio Quijano Arturo Frondizi Popular vote 4,745,168 2,415,750 Percentage 62.5% 31.8%

President before election Juan Perón Peronist Party Elected President Juan Perón Peronist Party

The Argentine general election of 1951, the first to have enfranchised women at the national level, was held on 11 November. Voters chose both the President of Argentina and their legislators and with a turnout of 88.0%, it produced the following results:

President

Party/Electoral Alliance	Votes	Percentage
Peronist Party	4,745,168	62.5%
Radical Civic Union	2,415,750	31.8%
Democratic Party	174,399	2.3%
Communist Party	71,318	0.9%
Socialist Party	54,920	0.7%
Others	22,404	0.3%
Positive votes	7,483,959	98.6%
Blank and nullified votes	109,989	1.4%
Total votes	7,593,948	100.0%

Note: The 1949 Constitution abolished the Electoral College.

Argentine Chamber of Deputies

Party/Electoral Alliance	Seats	% of votes
Peronist Party	135	63.5%
Radical Civic Union	14	32.3%
Others and blanks		4.2%
Total	149	100.0%

^[1]

Background

President Juan Perón (1895-1974) had become President for the first time in June 1946 (see Argentine general election, 1946). His popularity was riding high following five years of populist social reforms and a vigorous public works program, faced intensifying opposition during 1951. His decision to expropriate the conservative La Prensa (then the nation's second-most circulated daily), though lauded by the CGT labor union, damaged his standing elsewhere at home and his reputation in the World, as did the climate of political liberties: the opposition UCR's nominee, Congressman Ricardo Balbín, had spent much of the previous year as a political prisoner, to name one of many such examples. Economically, the year was an improvement over the 1949-50 recession and saw the completion of a number of landmark public works and the inaugural of Channel 13 (Public Television), the first regular broadcast station in Latin America; but growing inflation (50%, a record at the time) led to increasing strike activity.

Ballot paper for Perón - Quijano.

The ailing Eva Perón (right) casts a vote for the "reason of her life," President Juan Perón.

The UCR and other parties in opposition, harassed and deprived of access to the media, boycotted a number of Congressional races and all Senate races, as well. The vice president, Hortensio Quijano, had requested leave from the campaign due to failing health and, on August 22, the CGT organized a rally on Buenos Aires' massive Ninth of July Avenue in support of the influential first lady Eva Perón as her husband's running mate, though unbeknownst to the crowd, the popular Evita was, like Quijano, dying, and thus refused the acclamation. Quijano reluctantly stayed on; but her stepping aside did not prevent a September 28 coup attempt against Perón on the part of ultraconservative elements in the Army. Ultimately, these ill-considered attacks, the Peróns' popularity and their control of much of the media combined to give the Peronist Party a landslide in this, the first Argentine national election in which the vote was extended to women.

Todo Argentina

Candidates

• Peronist Party: President Juan Perón of Buenos Aires Province
• Radical Civic Union: Congressman Ricardo Balbín of Buenos Aires Province

• 

  Perón

• 

  Balbín (left) and running mate Arturo Frondizi

Footnotes

1. Nohlen, Dieter. Elections in the Americas. Oxford University Press, 2005.