Come Together

"Come Together"
Single by The Beatles
from the album Abbey Road
A-side	"Something"
Released	6 October 1969 (US) 31 October 1969 (UK)
Format	7"
Recorded	21–30 July 1969, EMI Studios, London
Genre	Blues rock
Length	4:18
Label	Apple
Writer(s)	Lennon–McCartney
Producer(s)	George Martin
The Beatles singles chronology
"The Ballad of John and Yoko" (1969) "Something"/"Come Together" (1969) "Let It Be" (1970)
Music sample "Come Together"

"Come Together" is a song by the Beatles written by John Lennon^[1] but credited to Lennon–McCartney. The song is the opening track on the album Abbey Road and was released as a double A-sided single with "Something", their 21st single in the United Kingdom and 26th in the United States. The song reached the top of the charts in the US^[2] and peaked at number four in the UK.^[3]

Origin and meaning

The song's history began when Lennon was inspired by Timothy Leary's campaign for governor of California against Ronald Reagan, which promptly ended when Leary was sent to prison for possession of marijuana:^[4]

The thing was created in the studio. It's gobbledygook; Come Together was an expression that Leary had come up with for his attempt at being president or whatever he wanted to be, and he asked me to write a campaign song. I tried and tried, but I couldn't come up with one. But I came up with this, Come Together, which would've been no good to him - you couldn't have a campaign song like that, right?^[5]

It has been speculated that each verse refers cryptically to one of the Beatles.^[6][7] It has also been suggested that the song has only a single "pariah-like protagonist" and Lennon was "painting another sardonic self-portrait".^[8]

Recording

Lennon played rhythm guitar and sang the vocal, McCartney played bass, Harrison played lead guitar, and Starr played drums. It was produced by George Martin and recorded at the end of July 1969 at Abbey Road Studios.^[9] In the intro, Lennon says: "shoot me", which is accompanied by his handclaps and McCartney's heavy bass riff.^[9] The famous Beatles' "walrus" from "I Am the Walrus" and "Glass Onion" returns in the line "he got walrus gumboot", followed by "he got Ono sideboard". Bluesman Muddy Waters is also mentioned in the song.

Music critic Ian MacDonald reports that McCartney sang a backing vocal,^[10] but recording engineer Geoff Emerick said that Lennon did all the vocals himself, and when a frustrated McCartney asked Lennon, "What do you want me to do on this track, John?", Lennon replied, "Don't worry, I'll do the overdubs on this."^[11]

In a 1970 interview in the Evening Standard, McCartney said he was disappointed about not singing live with Lennon; instead, he overdubbed his vocals later:

Even on Abbey Road we don't do harmonies like we used to. I think it's sad. On "Come Together" I would have liked to sing harmony with John, and I think he would have liked me to, but I was too embarrassed to ask him, and I don't work to the best of my abilities in that situation.^[12]

Release and acclaim

"Come Together" was released as a double A-side with "Something" and as the opening track of Abbey Road. The single was released on 6 October 1969 in the US, was on the charts for 18 weeks, and reached number 1. The single had less success when it was released on 31 October 1969 in the UK, only reaching number 4, possibly due to the BBC banning the song because they considered the lyric "He shoot Coca-Cola" to be product placement.

Rolling Stone ranked "Come Together" at #202 on their list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time"^[13] and #9 on their list of the Beatles' 100 Greatest Songs.^[14][15]

Along with "Something", "Come Together" became The Beatles' 18th number one hit on the US charts, surpassing Elvis Presley's record of seventeen.

On the compilation album Love, "Come Together" is the 19th track. Instrumentals and some backing vocals from "Dear Prudence" fade in followed by the "Can you take me back" section of "Cry Baby Cry" as a transition.

Song analysis

"Come Together" is a blues rock song,^[16] which consists of a repeating verse/refrain structure, broken up by a guitar solo acting as a bridge. For the first eight bars, the tonic note D is repeated, eventually moving to the V chord and then to the IV chord. It then moves to the VI minor chord. The refrain in actuality is three bars long, because the melody keeps going after the last A5 chord and comes to rest on the D5 chord after that. F# is introduced in the melody with a B minor triad. The tonic is held for four bars between each verse and is the same as the contents of the introduction.

Within the verse there are four one-bar structures; each one a non-sequitur. The lyrics end each time on the abrupt beat four of each measure, giving the verse an AAAA phrasing structure. The phrasing structure in the second half of the verse is two bars of BB. The C phrasing structure of the refrain has three measures becoming one long phrase and ending on the word "me" which ties everything together. There is an eleven-bar verse/refrain from a ten bar form. The melody of the verse stays within the range of a perfect fourth. Using mostly three notes (D, F, C) the tonic, flat three and flat seven, it moves away later only for contrast when it hits the II (E) and stays on that note for two bars. The refrain stands out as the highest notes in the piece (A).

Lawsuit

In 1973, "Come Together" was the subject of a lawsuit brought against Lennon by Big Seven Music Corp. (owned by Morris Levy) who was the publisher of Chuck Berry's "You Can't Catch Me". Levy contended that it sounded similar musically to Berry's original and shared some lyrics (Lennon sang "Here come ol' flattop, he come groovin' up slowly" and Berry's had sung "Here come a flattop, he was movin' up with me"). Before recording, Lennon and McCartney deliberately slowed the song down and added a heavy bass riff in order to make the song more original.^[12] After settling out of court, Lennon promised to record three other songs owned by Levy.^[17] A primitive version of "Ya Ya" with Lennon and his son Julian was released on the album Walls and Bridges in 1974. "You Can't Catch Me" and another version of "Ya Ya" were released on Lennon's 1975 album Rock 'n' Roll, but the third, "Angel Baby", remained unreleased until after Lennon's death. Levy again sued Lennon for breach of contract, and was eventually awarded $6,795. Lennon countersued after Levy released an album of Lennon material using tapes that were in his possession and was eventually awarded $84,912.96. The album was called Roots.^[18]

Personnel

• John Lennon – lead and backing vocals, rhythm guitar, electric piano, handclaps
• Paul McCartney – backing vocal, bass guitar
• George Harrison – lead guitar
• Ringo Starr – drums, maracas

personnel per Ian MacDonald^[1]

According to Geoff Emerick, McCartney composed the electric piano part, but Lennon looked over his shoulder to learn it so he could perform it himself on the recording.^[11]

The availability of separate tracks from the original Beatles multi-tracks (due to release of Rock Band) have made fresh investigation of the Beatles personnel data possible. One of the discoveries is that on the verses of "Come Together", the backing vocals are sung by McCartney. In an interview with Music Radar, Geoff Emerick correctly stated that McCartney did not sing on the choruses: "Initially, Paul played the electric piano part, but John kind of looked over his shoulder and studied what he was playing. When it came time to record it, John played the electric piano instead of Paul. Paul might have been miffed, but I think he was more upset about not singing on the choruses — John did his own backing vocals."^[19]

Covers

"Come Together"
Single by Aerosmith
from the album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
B-side	"Kings and Queens"
Released	July 1978
Format	7" vinyl
Recorded	1978
Genre	Hard rock, blues rock
Length	3:46
Label	Columbia
Writer(s)	Lennon–McCartney
Producer(s)	Jack Douglas
Aerosmith singles chronology
"Get It Up" (1978) "Come Together" (1978) "Chip Away the Stone" (1978)

"Come Together"
Single by Arctic Monkeys
from the album Isles of Wonder
Released	2012
Recorded	23 July 2012 London Olympic Stadium
Genre	Blues rock
Length	3:08
Label	Decca Music Group (Appearing courtesy of Domino Recording Company)
Writer(s)	Lennon–McCartney
Arctic Monkeys singles chronology
"R U Mine?" (2012) "Come Together" (2012) "Do I Wanna Know?" (2013)

"Come Together"
Single by The Smokin' Mojo Filters
from the album HELP
Released	4 December 1995
Format	CD single, 7" vinyl
Recorded	1995
Length	3:32
Label	Go! Discs
Writer(s)	Lennon–McCartney
Paul McCartney chronology
"A Leaf" (with Anya Alexeyev) (1995) "Come Together" (1995) "Young Boy" (1997)

John Lennon solo version

"Come Together" was the only Beatles' song Lennon sang during his 1972 Madison Square Garden concert. It was Lennon's last full-length concert performance, and his only one after leaving the Beatles. He was backed by the band Elephant's Memory.^[20] This version of the song appears on the concert album Live in New York City (recorded on 30 August 1972, released 10 February 1986).

Aerosmith version

American hard rock band Aerosmith performed one of the first and most successful cover versions of "Come Together". It was recorded in 1978 and appeared in the movie and on the soundtrack to the film Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, in which the band also appeared. The single was an immediate success, reaching number 23 on the Billboard Hot 100, following on the heels of a string of Top 40 hits for the band in the mid-1970s. However it would be the last Top 40 hit for the band for nearly a decade.

A rare live demo of the song was also released months later on Aerosmith's live album Live! Bootleg. The song also featured on Aerosmith's Greatest Hits, the band's first singles compilation released in 1980. The song has also surfaced on a number of Aerosmith compilations and live albums since then, as well as on the soundtrack for the film Armageddon. Aerosmith still occasionally perform "Come Together" in concert.

Since 2006, New Zealand telecommunications company Telecom used a cover of this song for its "Come Together" campaign.

Arctic Monkeys version

Arctic Monkeys performed a cover of the song during the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony. A live recording (albeit from a rehearsal), from the London Olympic Stadium on 23 July 2012, was featured on the soundtrack album of the ceremony, Isles of Wonder. It charted at number 21 in the UK.

The Smokin' Mojo Filters

Paul McCartney was also part of a different version of the song with Noel Gallagher and Paul Weller on an updated version of the classic for the 1995 HELP charity record, under the name the Smokin' Mojo Filters. Weller performed the lead vocal duties, with McCartney & Gallagher providing backing vocals, harmonies and bass and guitar. This version made it to number 19 on the British charts in December 1995. In 2005 Weller recorded a new version of the song as part of a double A-sided single.

See also

• Come Together: A Night for John Lennon's Words and Music

Notes

1. MacDonald 2005, p. 355.
2. Wallgren 1982, p. 57.
3. everyHit.com 2009.
4. MacDonald 2005, p. 314.
5. Sheff 2000.
6. "Come Together". Beatles #9. Retrieved 2014-08-19.
7. "Beatles: Come Together Meaning". Lyric Interpretations. 2008-08-23. Retrieved 2014-08-19.
8. Gould, Jonathan (2008). Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America. London: Piatkus. p. 575. ISBN 978-0-7499-2988-6.
9. Lewisohn 1988, p. 181.
10. MacDonald 2005, p. 358.
11. Emerick & Massey 2006, p. 285.
12. Miles 1997, p. 553.
13. Rolling Stone 2007.
14. "9. Come Together". 100 Greatest Beatles Songs. Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 21, 2013.
15. Rolling Stone 2010.
16. Phil Freeman (1 September 2007). Marooned: The Next Generation of Desert Island Discs. Da Capo Press. p. 145. ISBN 0-306-81640-7.
17. Wenner 2000, p. 90.
18. Self 1992.
19. Bosso, Joe (6 February 2014). "Geoff Emerick on The Beatles in the studio". musicradar.com. Future Publishing Limited. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
20. Edmonson, Jacqueline. John Lennon: A Biography. 2010, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-0-313-37938-3, p. 149

References

• Emerick, Geoff; Massey, Howard (2006). Here, There and Everywhere: My Life Recording the Music of the Beatles. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 1-59240-179-1.
• "Something / Come Together". everyHit.com. Archived from the original on 17 July 2007. Retrieved 30 November 2009.
• The Beatles Complete Chord Songbook. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard. 1999. ISBN 978-0-634-02229-6.
• Lewisohn, Mark (1988). The Beatles Recording Sessions. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-57066-1.
• MacDonald, Ian (2005). Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (Second Revised ed.). London: Pimlico (Rand). ISBN 1-84413-828-3.
• Miles, Barry (1997). Many Years From Now. London: Seeker & Warburg. ISBN 0-436-28022-1.
• Norman, Philip (2008). John Lennon - The Life. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-727825-X.
• "The Rolling Stone 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. 2007. Retrieved 5 October 2007.
• "The Rolling Stone 100 Greatest Beatles Songs". Rolling Stone. 2010. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
• Self, Joseph C. (1992). "Lennon vs. Levy - The 'Roots' Lawsuit". abbeyrd.net. Archived from the original on 3 July 2009. Retrieved 30 March 2009.
• Sheff, David (2000). All We Are Saying: The Last Major Interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-25464-4.
• Stevens, John (2002). The Songs of John Lennon: the Beatles Years. Boston: Berklee Press. ISBN 0-634-01795-0.
• Wallgren, Mark (1982). The Beatles on Record. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-671-45682-2.
• Wenner, Jann S (2000). Lennon Remembers (Full interview from Lennon's 1970 interview in Rolling Stone magazine). London: Verso. ISBN 1-85984-600-9.

External links

• The 15 Best Come Together Covers
• Lyrics and video of Come Together
• Alan W. Pollack's Notes on "Come Together"
• Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics