Comparison of layout engines (XHTML 1.1)

The following tables compare XHTML 1.1 compatibility and support for a number of layout engines.

XHTML 1.1 which is mainly a modularization of XHTML 1.0, is composed of 20 element modules (7 of which are submodules), including the additional Ruby Annotation Module, and two attribute modules (Server-side Image Map Module and Intrinsic Events Module).

Explanation of the tables

Engine nomenclature

Rather than the names of web browsers and HTML to PDF converters, the names of the underlying engines are used. Some of the software and online converters that use the various engines are listed below.

Layout engine

Release version

Preview version

Used by

Amaya

11.4.7^[1]

N/A

No longer developed; Amaya

Blink

537.36

source code^{[note 1]}

Chromium/Chrome (28+), Opera (15+), Sleipnir, Vivaldi, Yandex, Liebao and Samsung Browser .

EdgeHTML

13.10586 ^[2]

N/A

Microsoft Edge, Universal Windows Platform (UWP) JavaScript apps

Gecko

Standard	50.0.2 / November 30, 2016 (2016-11-30)^[3]
ESR	45.5.1 / November 30, 2016 (2016-11-30)^[4]

Beta	51.0beta / November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16)^[5]^[6] semiweekly release
Developer Edition	52.0a2 / November 18, 2016 (2016-11-18)^[7]^[8] daily release
Nightly	53.0a1 / November 14, 2016 (2016-11-14)^[9]^[10] daily release

All Mozilla software, including Firefox; SeaMonkey and Galeon; Camino; K-Meleon; Flock (up to 2.x); Debian IceWeasel; GNU IceCat (formerly GNU IceWeasel); Cyberfox; Icedove, Iceape and Iceowl; Firefox for mobile ("Fennec"). Also used by the Maple platform in 2010 and 2011 Samsung "SmartTV" devices which are based on the build used in Firefox 2.5. The Nokia Asha platform also uses Gecko for web apps rendering.

Goanna

27.0.2 (December 2, 2016^[11]) [±]

27 public beta 3 (October 27, 2016^[12]) [±]

Pale Moon and FossaMail

KHTML

4.12.3^[13]

N/A

Konqueror^{[note 2]}

Martha

PDFreactor, Nimbudocs Editor and edit-on NG

Presto

2.12.388

N/A

No longer developed; Opera and Opera Mobile use Blink now; Nintendo DS & DSi Browser; Internet Channel

Prince

20160810

HTML to PDF converters: Prince (previously called PrinceXML), DocRaptor. The information in the Prince columns is also true of Prince for Books, a related layout engine.

Tasman

(IE 5.2.3 for Mac)

N/A

No longer developed (aborted in 2003); Internet Explorer 5+ for Mac OS X

Trident

7.0 (IE 11)

N/A

Internet Explorer and other Internet Explorer shells like Maxthon (Microsoft Windows operating systems only), Windows Phone 8

WebKit

534.20

nightly build^{[note 3]}

Tizen (both OS and browser), Safari (both desktop and mobile), Google Chrome (before 28), Maxthon 3, Shiira, iCab 4, OmniWeb 5.5+, Web, Adobe AIR, Midori, surf, Adobe Dreamweaver CS4 and CS5, Android browser, Palm webOS browser, Symbian S60 browser, OWB, Steam, Rekonq, Arora, Flock (version 3+), RockMelt, Dolphin Browser, Konqueror^{[note 2]}. Used by the LG Smart TV platform to enable web content on TVs. HTML to PDF converters: wkhtmltopdf, PhantomJS, Pdfcrowd^[14], http://www.online-convert.com/^[15].

↑ "chromium / chromium/blink". chromium.googlesource.com. Google. Retrieved 2014-05-27.
1 2 In Konqueror, the user can switch the used layout engine.
↑ "WebKit Nightly Builds". webkit.org. Retrieved 2014-05-27.

Values

Values indicate the level of support in the most recent version of the layout engine, or (if a version number is given) in the specified version. Version numbers without any other value indicate the version at which the layout engine first fully supported the feature.

Value	Meaning
Yes	Indicates that the layout engine fully supports this property/element when valid values are used.
No	Indicates that the property/element is completely ignored.
Partial	Indicates that the property/element is understood, but that not all values are supported. Supported values are implemented correctly.
Incorrect	Indicates that the property/element is understood, but that it is not implemented correctly in all cases.
Experimental	Indicates that the property/element is understood, but supported under an alternate name. May be incomplete or buggy.
Dropped	Indicates that the property/element is no longer supported.
Nightly build	Indicates that the property/element is supported to some extent in an experimental/nightly build. Future support is expected.
Depends	Indicates that the property/element is supported only on certain platforms, or if certain settings are configured.

Elements

Core Modules

Structure Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`body`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[16]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`head`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[16]
`html`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[17]
`title`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[18]

Text Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`abbr`	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`acronym`	<3.1^{[IE 4.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`address`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`blockquote`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`br`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[20]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`cite`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`code`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`dfn`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`div`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[21]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`em`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`h1`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`h2`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`h3`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`h4`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`h5`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`h6`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`kbd`		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`p`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[20]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`pre`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`q`	<3.1^{[IE 4.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`samp`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`span`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[21]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`strong`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`var`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Hypertext Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`a`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[20]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

List Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`dl`	<3.1^{[IE 1]} ^[22]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`dt`
`dd`
`ol`
`ul`
`li`

Text Extension Modules

Presentation Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`b`	<3.1^{[IE 1]} ^[21]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`big`	<3.1^{[IE 3]} ^[21]
`hr`	<3.1^{[IE 1]} ^[23]
`i`	<3.1^{[IE 1]} ^[21]
`small`	<3.1^{[IE 3]} ^[21]
`sub`
`sup`
`tt`	Yes

Edit Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`del`	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`ins`	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Bi-directional Text Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`bdo`	<3.1^{[IE 5.0]} ^[21]	?	Yes	Yes	Partial	Yes	?

Forms Modules

Forms Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`form`	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`input`
`select`
`option`
`textarea`
`button`
`fieldset`
`label`
`legend`
`optgroup`

Table Modules

Table Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`caption`	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`table`
`td`
`th`
`tr`
`col`		?
`colgroup`		?
`tbody`		Yes
`thead`
`tfoot`							?

Image Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`img`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[23]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Client-side Image Map Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`area`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[23]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`map`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[23]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Object Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`object`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[23]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`param`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[23]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Metainformation Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`meta`	<3.1^{[IE 2.0]} ^[18]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Scripting Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`script`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[17]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`noscript`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[17]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Style Sheet Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`style`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[17]^{[note 1]}	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Link Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`link`	<3.1^{[IE 3.0]} ^[18]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Base Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`base`	<3.1^{[IE 1.0]} ^[18]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Ruby Annotation Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`ruby`	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
`rbc`	No			No
`rtc`	No			No
`rb`	Yes			Yes
`rt`	Yes			Yes
`rp`	No			No

Attributes

Core

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`class`	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`id`
`title`

I18N

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`dir`	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
`xml:lang`	?	?	?	?	?	?	?

Events

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
Mouse
`onclick`	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
`ondblclick`
`onmousedown`
`onmouseup`
`onmouseover`
`onmousemove`
`onmouseout`
Keyboard
`onkeypress`	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
`onkeydown`
`onkeyup`

Server-side Image Map Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
`ismap`	?	?	?	?	?	?	?

Intrinsic Events Module

	Trident	Tasman	Gecko	WebKit	KHTML	Presto	iCab
Structure Module
`onload`	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
`onunload`	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
Forms Module
`onchange`	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
`onblur`
`onfocus`
`onreset`
`onselect`
`onsubmit`

Notes

↑ All style tags after the first 31 style tags are not applied.
All style rules after the first 4,095 rules are not applied.
On pages that uses the @import rule to continuously import external style sheets that import other style sheets, style sheets that are more than three levels deep are ignored.^[24]

References

↑ Amaya Binary Releases, Most recent download link in stable
↑ Change log between EdgeHTML 12.10240 and 13.10586
↑ "Firefox — Notes (50.0.2) — Mozilla". mozilla.org. 2016-11-30. Retrieved 2016-11-30.
↑ "Firefox Extended Support Release — Notes (45.5.1) — Mozilla". mozilla.org. 2016-11-30. Retrieved 2016-11-30.
↑ "Firefox — Beta Notes (50.0beta) — Mozilla". 2016-10-16. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
↑ "Mozilla Firefox Web Browser — Download Firefox Beta in your language — Mozilla". Retrieved 2016-07-02.
↑ "Firefox — Aurora Notes (52.0a2) — Mozilla". 2016-11-18. Retrieved 2016-11-18.
↑ "Mozilla Firefox Web Browser — Download Developer Edition in your language — Mozilla". Retrieved 2016-11-18.
↑ "RapidRelease/Calendar - MozillaWiki". Retrieved 2016-10-21.
↑ "Mozilla Firefox Web Browser — Download Firefox Nightly in your language — Mozilla". Retrieved 2016-10-23.
↑ "Pale Moon Release Notes". Pale Moon. 2016-12-02. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
↑ "Pale Moon public beta/unstable branch release notes". Moonchild Productions. 2016-10-27. Retrieved 2016-10-27.
↑ Download for kdelibs, Most recent download link in stable
↑ Pdfcrowd FAQ, “Pdfcrowd is built around Webkit.”
↑ ‘Producer’ metadata in the resulting pdf., https://www.coolutils.com/Online/HTML-Converter/ Free Online HTML Converter around Webkit
↑ "Document structure". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
1 2 3 4 "Language declarations". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
1 2 3 4 "Document properties". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Document layout". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
1 2 3 "Document layout". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Physical text formatting". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
↑ "Lists". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
1 2 3 4 "Images and objects". webref.info. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
↑ "A webpage that uses CSS styles does not render correctly in Internet Explorer". Microsoft Support. Microsoft. 10 February 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2011.

Layout engines

Active	Blink EdgeHTML Gecko Goanna KHTML MARTHA Prince QtWebEngine Servo WebKit

Discontinued	Amaya Boxely Gazelle GtkHTML HTMLayout iCab Mariner Presto Tasman Tkhtml Trident

Comparisons	HTML non-standard HTML HTML5 media canvas XML XHTML 1.1 MathML SVG CSS ECMAScript DOM Graphics Typography

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