Encroachment (gridiron football)

In gridiron football, encroachment refers to when before the snap, a defensive player illegally crosses the line of scrimmage and makes contact with an opponent or has a clear path to the quarterback. In high school, this includes any crossing of the neutral zone by the defense, whether contact is made or not. It is a violation of the game's code. It is similar to offside except when it occurs, the play is not allowed to begin. Like offside violations, the violating team is penalized 5 yards.^[1]^[2]

The head linesman has the duty of watching out for encroachment and other similar infractions, and the line judge assists in this process.^[3]

References

↑ Beacom, Mike. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Understanding Football.
↑ NIRSA. 2009 & 2010 NIRSA Flag & Touch Football Rules Book & Officials' Manual-14th ... p. 39.
↑ Long, Howie; Czarnecki, John. Football for Dummies. pp. 42–43.

Gridiron football concepts

Codes

Levels of play

Field

Lines	Yard lines Hash marks Goal line Sidelines Line of scrimmage Field goal range

Spaces	End zone Red zone Neutral zone Coffin corner Flat Gap Hole Pocket

Equipment

Helmet	History Winged Eyeshield Revolution

Uniform	Alternate Cleats Throwback

Pads	Shoulder

Positions

Offense	Backfield: Quarterback Dual-threat triple-threat Game manager System Running backs Halfback Fullback H-back Slotback Wingback Receivers Eligible Wide receiver Tight end End Linemen Center Guard Tackle

Defense	Linemen Defensive tackle Defensive end Linebacker Defensive back Cornerback Safety Nickelback Dimeback Halfback

Special teams	Kicker Punter Kickoff specialist Long snapper Holder Return specialist Gunner Jammer Upback

Other	History Utility player Skill position Platoon system

Maneuvers

Offense	Snap Hand-off Blocking Pulling Spiral Routes Pump fake Cutback Juke Lateral Stiff arm Scramble Shift Motion

Defense	Tackle Rush Stunt Blitz Shooting the gap Bump and run Double coverage

Play types

Offense

Rush	Keeper Bootleg Sneak Dive Power Counter Off-tackle End Option Sweep Toss Trap Veer Zone

Pass	Incomplete Checkdown Screen Drop-back Hail Mary Alley-oop

Defense

Special teams

Other

Scoring

Timeout
Kneel
Spike
Time warnings
- 3 min.
- 2 min.
- 1 min.
Clock management
Running out the clock
Untimed play
Garbage time

Statistics

Practice

Celebrations

Officiating

Miscellaneous

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