Energy in Portugal

Energy in Portugal describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Portugal. Energy policy of Portugal will describe the politics of Portugal related to energy more in detail. Electricity sector in Portugal is the main article of electricity in Portugal.

Overview

Energy in Portugal[1]
	Capita	Prim. energy	Production	Import	Electricity	CO2-emission
	Million	TWh	TWh	TWh	TWh	Mt
2004	10.52	309	45	265	47.5	60.3
2007	10.61	292	54	254	51.6	55.2
2008	10.62	281	52	249	51.2	52.4
2009	10.63	280	57	240	51.2	53.1
2012	10.65	268	62	222	51.2	48.1
2012R	10.58	249	53	212	49.8	45.9
2013	10.46	253	67	200	49.0	44.9
Change 2004-09	1.0 %	-9.2 %	25.4 %	-9.3 %	7.7 %	-11.9 %
Mtoe = 11.63 TWh . Prim. energy includes energy losses 2012R = CO2 calculation criteria changed, numbers updated

Coal

Sines power plant (hard coal) started operation in 1985-1989 in Portugal. According to WWF its CO₂ emissions were among the top dirty ones in Portugal in 2007.^[2]

Natural gas

Maghreb–Europe Gas Pipeline(MEG) is a natural gas pipeline, from Algeria through Morocco to Andalusia, Spain,

Renewable energy

EU directive has a binding 31% target of renewables up from 20.5% in 2005. According to the Portuguese National Renewable Energy Action Plan by 2020 electricity will be produced: wind power 23% 14.6 TWh, of which 99% onshore, hydro power 22% 14.1 TWh, biomass 5% 3.52 TWh and photovoltaic solar power 2% 1.5 TWh and concentrated solar power 2% 1 TWh.^[3]

Solar

Portugal has surported and increased the solar electricity (Photovoltaic power) and solar thermal energy (solar heating) during 2006-2010. Portugal was 9th in solar heating in the EU and 8th in solar power based on total volume in 2010.

Nuclear power

There were no nuclear power plants in Portugal as of 2014.

Electricity in Portugal

A Portuguese street lamp

Electricity use (gross production + imports – exports – losses) was 51.2 TWh in 2008. Portugal imported 9 TWh electricity in 2008. Population was 10.6 million.^[4] In 2014 electricity was generated by 30% hydroelectricity, 27% natural gas, 22% wind, 20% coal and 1% solar.^[5]

Transport

The sustainable strategy has been a shift from individual to collective transport within the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Metro Lisbon (ML), collective buses, Companhia Carris de ferro de Lisboa).

Global warming

CO2 emissions in 2009 (million tonnes)[6][7]
	CO2	People (million)
Chile	66	16.8
Belarus	61	9.7
Syria	57	21.2
Turkmenistan	57	5.0
Portugal	57	10.6
Bangladesh	55	160.0
Libya	55	6.3
Serbia	52	7.4
Finland	52	5.3

According to Energy Information Administration the CO₂ emissions from energy consumption of Portugal were in 2009 56.5 Mt, slightly over Bangladesh with 160 million people and Finland with 5.3 million people.^[8] The emissions per capita were (tonnes): Portugal 5.58, India 1.38, China 5.83, Europe 7.14, Russia 11.23, North America 14.19, Singapore 34.59 and United Arab Emirates 40.31.^[9]

See also

• Nuclear energy in Portugal
• Renewable energy in Portugal

References

1. IEA Key World Energy Statistics Statistics 2015, 2014 (2012R as in November 2015 + 2012 as in March 2014 is comparable to previous years statistical calculation criteria, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2006 IEA October, crude oil p.11, coal p. 13 gas p. 15
2. Dirty Thirty WWF 2007
3. EU Energy Policy to 2050 Achieving 80-95% emissions reductions, EWEA March 2011
4. IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page: 27, 54
5. "BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2015" (XLSX). Bp.com. Retrieved 2016-11-06.
6. "CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion" (XLS). Iea.org. Retrieved 2016-11-06.
7. "IEA Key World Energy Statistics" (PDF). Iea.org. Retrieved 2016-11-06. 2011, October, population in the end tables
8. "World carbon dioxide emissions data by country: China speeds ahead of the rest". The Guardian. 31 January 2011. Retrieved 2016-11-06.
9. "World carbon dioxide emissions country data co2". The Guardian. Retrieved 2016-11-06.